Adult ; Carotid Artery, External ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Hypoglossal Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; Tongue ; anatomy & histology ; blood supply ; innervation

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) late mRNA expression in megakaryoblast and in turn the pathogenesis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) patients with HCMV infection, and effectiveness of ganciclovir were investigated. Colony forming unit-megakaryocytes (CFU-MK) of 46 ITP patients with HCMV infection were incubated from patients' bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNC). Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was subsequently used for CFU-MK for HCMV-late mRNA detection. Ganciclovir therapy was given to both HCMV-late mRNA positive and negative groups for comparison of therapeutic effectiveness. The results in 19 of 46 CFU-MK culture cells specimens with positive HCMV-DNA by PCR or positive CMV-IgM by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the correspondent serum of peripheral blood were positive for HCMV-late mRNA. Sixteen out of 19, patients with positive HCMV-late mRNA CFU-MK had a positive response to ganciclovir. Amongst 27 patients with negative HCMV-late mRNA CFU-MK, only 4 positive responders to ganciclovir therapy were observed. Curative effectiveness of ganciclovir in HCMV-late mRNA positive group was significantly higher than that in HCMV-late mRNA negative group (P<0.01). It was suggested that HCMV could directly infect CFU-MK, which might be one of the mechanisms responsible for HCMV related ITP. The ganciclovir is an effective therapy in resulting in the increases in thrombocyte in the ITP patients whose HCMV- late mRNA was positive in their CFU-MK.

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of TanshinoneⅡA on U251 glioma cell line and its mechanism. METHODS: MTT was used to measure the levels of the proliferation in U251 cultured with TanshinoneⅡA at different concentrations. The effects of TanshinoneⅡA on cell cycle of U251 were observed by FCM. The expression of proto-oncogene c-myc was measured by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The proliferation of U251 was obviously inhibited by TanshinoneⅡA in a dose dependent manner. The inhibitory rate came to the peak at (54 2?0 9)%, when cultured with TanshinoneⅡA at 0 10 g/L. The outcome of FCM showed that the proportion of G 0/G 1 phase cells was increased and the proportion of S phase cells was reduced obviously, when cultured with TanshinoneⅡA at 0 10 g/L for 3 days. The RT-PCR experiment showed that the expression of proto-oncogene c-myc was notably decreased, when the dose of TanshinoneⅡA was increased. CONCLUSION: TanshinoneⅡA inhibited the proliferation of U251 and the expression of proto-oncogene c-myc.

Malignant tumors are major diseases that endanger human health. Due to their complex and variable microenvironment, most anti-tumor drugs cannot precisely reach the focal tissue and be released in a controlled manner. Intelligent responsive nano carriers have become a hot spot in the field of anti-tumor drug delivery systems. As an excellent nano material, mesoporous silica has the advantages of non-toxic, stable, adjustable pore volume and pore diameter, and easy functional modification on the surface. By virtue of its perceptive response to the tumor microenvironment or physiological changes, it can achieve the targeted drug release or controlled drug release of the drug delivery system in the tissue, making it an ideal carrier for intelligent response drug delivery system. In this paper, we review the design strategies and current research status of smart responsive anti-tumor drug delivery systems based on mesoporous silica, in order to provide a reference for the development of anti-tumor drug nanoformulations.

High-affinity α-glucosidase inhibitors were screened from Cichorium glundulosum Boiss.et Hout seed (CGS) extract by ultra-filtration affinity-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UF-LC-MS) and molecular docking.By taking 4-nitrobenzene-α-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG) as substrate and acarbose as positive control to evaluate the inhibitory activity of CGS extract, IC50 of acarbose and CGS extract were 0.003 mg/mL and 0.447 mg/mL, respectively.Meanwhile, 4 compounds from CGS extract by UF-LC-MS were screened and identified.Then by using autodock software, the compounds that combined with α-glucosidase were well screened out, including chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid A.The inhibitory activity of chlorogenic acid and chlorogenic acid A against α-glucosidase was verified in vitro.The results showed that the inhibitory activity of the compounds toward α-glucosidase presented the sequence of acarbose>isochlorogenic acid A>chlorogenic acid.The inhibition rate of isochlorogenic acid A was close to acarbose.The experimental results illustrated that UF-LC-MS and molecular docking could be used to screen high affinity enzyme inhibitors from CGS.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Fuzheng Sanjie recipe in regulating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in Lewis lung cancer mice.

METHODEfforts were made to establish the Lewis lung cancer mouse model, weigh tumors and calculate the anti-tumor rate. The immunohistochemical method was used to examine the infiltration degree of CD68 + in tumor tissues in each group. ELISA was used to examine the content of IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-4, IL-13, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α in mice serum.

RESULTCompared with the tumor-bearing model group, all of the other groups showed higher tumor inhibition rates, i. e. 50.28% for the DDP group, 34.37% for the TCM-preventing group and 66.76% for the Chinese and western medicine group, with statistical difference (P < 0.05), but without statistical difference in the infiltration degree of CD68+. The expressions of the IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-12 in tumor-bearing groups were lower than that in the blank control group, but with higher contents of IL-4, IL-13, TGF-β. Intervened with different drugs, there were significant differences in content among some relevant cytokines (P < 0.05), as well as statistical differences among the TCM prevention group, the Chinese and western medicine group and the tumor-bearing control group (P <0. 05) , but without statistical difference in TNF-α and IL-10 content from the tumor-bearing control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFuzheng Sanjie recipe could reverse the immune remodeling effect and control the tumor growth by down-regulating the expressions of IL-4, IL-13, TGF-α in lung cancer immune microenvironment and up-regulating the expression of IFN-γ.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-12 ; blood ; Interleukin-13 ; blood ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; blood ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo establish an efficient and stable method for protein extraction of Streptococcus mutans.

METHODSThe collected bacteria were treated by freeze-thaw and ultrasonic (method 1), ultrasonic (method 2), boiling (method 3), boiling and ultrasonic (method 4), respectively. The index such as state of bacteria broken, concentration of extracted protein and SDS-PAGE of protein were employed to evaluate the effects of above four methods.

RESULTSBeside the method 3, the other three methods could break the bacteria effectively, of which ultrasonic was the key factor. The pattern of SDS-PAGE which treated by method 1, method 2 and method 4 was almost same, but method 1 resulted in the best abundance. There was significantly difference among the four protein concentration extracted by four methods (P < 0.05). All methods exhibited good stability and reproducibility.

CONCLUSIONMethod of freeze-thaw and ultrasonic resulted in an efficient proteins extraction of Streptococcus mutans which demonstrated good stability and reproducibility and easy to handle.

Bacterial Proteins ; Reproducibility of Results ; Streptococcus mutans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the antibacterial activity of decoction of Radix glycyrrhizae against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in vitro.

METHODSThe decoction of Radix glycyrrhizae was prepared by boiling particles of Radix glycyrrhizae, the diameter was 0.2-3.2 mm. In distilled water and filtered, the filtrate was collected for study. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the decoction against S. mutans were detected using double dilution. The effect of decoction on growth and acidogenic profile of S. mutans were investigated by detecting the Abs of bacteria suspension and the pH value of medium at definite time intervals(0, 3, 7, 12, 23, 40 h) during cultured.

RESULTSThe MIC determined for decoction was 50 mg x mL(-1) and there was no bactericidal effect when concentration of decoction lower than 100 mg x mL(-1). The decoction inhibitted multiplication of bacteria significantly and the effects became stronger with concentration increasing. The decoction also inhibitted S. mutans producing acid and the effect became stronger with concentration increasing. The most efficient inhibition were observed when incubated 12 hours.

CONCLUSIONThe decoction of Radix glycyrrhizae can inhibite the growth and acid-production of S. mutans in vitro.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; In Vitro Techniques ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Plant Extracts ; Streptococcus mutans

Animals ; Fibrosis ; Genetic Testing ; Interleukin-1 ; genetics ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Diseases ; complications ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; genetics ; Ureteral Obstruction ; complications ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by the sera from children with active Henoch-Sch-nlein purpura (HSP) and the protective effects of methylprednisolone against HUVECs injury.

METHODSHUVECs were divided into four groups based on the culture conditions: blank control group, normal serum group, HSP serum group, and HSP serum plus methylprednisolone group. The levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-8 in the supernatants of each group were detected using ELISA and the nitric oxide (NO) level by nitrate reductase determination. Moreover, the expressions of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and Fractalkine in HUVECs were examined by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively.

RESULTSThe levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and NO in the HSP serum group were significantly higher than those in the blank control and normal serum groups (P<0.05). Compared with the HSP serum group, the levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and NO in the HSP serum plus methylprednisolone group decreased significantly (P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of NF-κB and Fractalkine in the HSP serum group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (P<0.05). The protein expression levels of NF-κB and Fractalkine in the HSP serum group were significantly higher than those in the blank control and normal control group (P<0.05). Compared with the HSP serum group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of NF-κB and Fractalkine in the HSP serum plus methylprednisolone group decreased significantly (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe sera from children with active HSP can induce the in vitro cultured HUVECs to become activated and excrete cytokines. Methylprednisolone may inhibit NF-κB expression, reduce the production of inflammatory factors, and thus alleviate vascular inflamation.

Cells, Cultured ; Chemokine CX3CL1 ; analysis ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytokines ; blood ; Cytoprotection ; Female ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; pharmacology ; NF-kappa B ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; Nitric Oxide ; physiology ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; blood