OBJECTIVE:To probe into the condition of the occurrence of the adverse drug reactions(ADRs) induced by Chinese materia medica.METHODS:A total of 933 ADR cases induced by Chinese materia medica published in 100 different kinds of journals during 2000～2008 were studied retrospectively.RESULTS:A total of 156 kinds of Chinese materia medica were involved in these ADRs,which were administered by 5 routes,with intravenous administration showing the highest incidence at 78.46%. Among all the ADRs,the systemic reactions represented 57.77%.CONCLUSION:It is necessary to popularize the knowledge on safe medication of Chinese materia medica,standardize clinical rational use of Chinese materia medica and its preparations and tighten control and monitoring on the ADRs induced by Chinese materia medica.

?AIM: To compare postoperative anti -inflammation effect and safety between bromfenac sodium eye drops and pranoprofen eye drops in patients after laser epithelial keratomileusis ( LASEK) .? METHODS: In the prospective, randomized and controlled study, 100 patients ( 200 eyes ) undergoing LASEK were randomized into the bromfenac sodium group (100 eyes) and control group (100 eyes).Patients in bromfenac sodium group received bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution eye drops twice a day in 3d before surgery and 2wk after surgery, while the patients from the control group were given proanoprofen eye drops 4 times a day in the same period.At 1, 3, 5d, 1 and 3mo after surgery, irritative symptoms grade, duration of irritation, time for corneal epithelial healing, cornel haze, uncorrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure ( IOP ) were observed and compared between the two groups. Quantitative data were analyzed using independent samples t-test and ranked data were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whiteney rank sun test.?RESULTS:There was no significant difference between two groups in irritative symptoms grade ( P =0.317 ), neither was existed between two groups in uncorrected visual acuity after surgery (P>0.05).There was no statistical significance in the time for corneal epithelial healing between two groups (P=0.551).?CONCLUSION: Bromfenac sodium eye drops ( 1g/L ) can achieve the same therapeutic effect as pranoprofen eye drops after LASEK.

Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) can methylate a variety of proteins,including histones and non-histones,affecting a variety of cellular processes such as transcription,RNA splicing,DNA repair,and cell cycle control.The activity of PRMT is affected by a variety of regulatory mechanisms,and its abnormal expression plays an important role in the development of the diseases,especially in tumors such as breast cancer and leukemia.PRMT has a unique value in the diagnosis or treatment of tumors.With the further exploration of PRMT methylation mechanism,PRMT selective inhibitors have made some progress.PRMT-specific inhibitors are expected to be targeted drugs for the treatment of tumors.

Background Increase in ophthalmic optical medical instruments and microsurgical applications leads to retinal photochemical damage and other problems delivery of a variety of devices,so the in-depth study and understanding of its pathogenesis after retina light damage can provide a reference for the clinical treatment of related diseases.Objective This study was to investigate the therapeutic effect and relative mechanism of erythropoietin (EPO) on mouse retina photic injury by studying the expression of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2)and MMP-9.Methods Fifty-two SPF BALB/c mice were randomized into normal control group,simple light-induced group and EPO pretreatment group by balloting method.The mice of simple light-induced group and EPO pretreatment group were continuously irradiated with 6000 lx diffuse light for 4 hours in a home-made box to establish the models of light-induced damage;while recombinant human EPO (rhEPO)of 5000 U/kg was intraperitoneally injected prior to the light exposure in the EPO pretreatment group.The expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were examined at 6,12,36,72,96 hours and 7 days following light-exposure by immunohistochemistry.Results Edema and structural disorder of RPE cells appeared inthe simple light-induced group after light-exposure and aggravated with lapse of light-exposure time,but no similar change was seen until 7 days in the EPO pretreatment group.The immunohistochemistry findings showed that the expression of MMP-2(A value)in RPE cells was less in the normal mice.However,a large quantity of positive cells appeared in RPE layer 36 hours after light-exposure.Compared with the simple light-induced group,the positive expression of MMP-2 protein in EPO pretreatment group was significantly decreased,showing statistically significant differences among these three groups and different time points (Fgroup =3.68,P =0 04; Ftime =9.13,P=0.00).There was hardly any MMP-9 expression in the retina of the normal mice.In simple light-induced group,a few of positive cells appeared in RPE layer 6 hours after light-exposure and reached its peak 12 hours following light-exposure.The gradually down-regulation of MMP-9 expression happened 96 hours later following light-irradiation.The expression tendency of MMP-9 in EPO pretreatment group was similar to the simple light-induced group.Significant differences in expressions of MMP-9 were found among different groups and time points (Fgroup=3.61,P =0.04;Ftime =16.91,P=0.00).Conclusions MMP-2 and MMP-9 may be involved in the mechanism of retina photic injury by down-regulating the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in RPE cells.

Objective To investigate the factors for retinopathy in premature infants. Methods Ophthalmologic mydri was conducted in premature infants and acording to the international classification of ROP, they were diagnosed as ROP. The risk factors of the incidence of ROP were statistically and respectively analyzed. Results Among total of 47 patients, 11 patients were found retinopathy of prematurity. Conclusion The body weight is lower, the gestation is shorter, incidence of ROP is the higher.

Objective To investigate the application value of anatomic segmental hepatectomy in treatment of left hepatolithus.Methods The 80 patients with left hepatolithuswere divided into the control group (n =40)and the observation group (n =40)in accordance with dif-ferent surgical methods,and they were given traditional surgery and precise pedicle anatomic segmental hepatectomy respectively.Operation index levels,postoperative complications and stress reaction levels before and after surgery of the two groups were compared.Results The blood loss,operative time,the time of drainage tube remove,time of analgesic drug use,and postoperative hospital stay of the observation group were significantly less than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).The rate of postoperative com-plications was 17.50% in the control group,while it was 15.00% in the observation group,which showed no significant difference between the two groups (P >0.05).During the surgery,epinephrine,cortisol,IL-6 and CRP levels of patients decreased after a slight increase, while NK cell levels of patients decreased firstly and then increased.There were statistically significant differences in trems of the above inde-xes immediately after surgery to 24 hours after surgery (P <0.05),and the rangeability of the observation group was less than the control group (P <0.05).Until 48 hours after surgery the above indexes recovered to the preoperative level.Followed up for 3 to 24 months,the calculi recurrence rate and abdominal ache recurrence rate of the observation group were lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion Precise pedicle anatomic segmental hepatectomy applied in the treatment of left hepatolithus showed makedly curative effect,and it has little effect on the stress response of patients.

Background and purpose: Neck lymph node metastasis, most of which presents in central neck compartment, is common in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the number of dissected central neck lymph nodes and clinical outcome after radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation in pN1a PTC with no more than 5 lymph nodes involvement. Methods: A total of 167 PTC patients who had 1-5 proven metastatic lymph nodes according to postoperative pathological diagnosis were retrospectively analyzed, all of whom underwent total or near total thyroidectomy and central lymph node dissection. After a median follow-up period of 26 months, the clinical outcome of each patient was evaluated as excellent response (ER), indeterminate response (IDR), bio-chemical incomplete response (BIR), or structural incomplete response (SIR) according to the new American Thyroid As-sociation guidelines. The accumulative ER rate (ERn) was calculated in patients with different numbers of dissected lymph nodes (ERn was defined as the proportion of patients who achieved ER with the dissected lymph node number of ≤n). The relationship between the number of dissected central neck lymph nodes and ERn were investigated. Results: As the increase in the number of dissected central neck lymph nodes,there was also an overall increase in ERn, especially when n rose from 1 to 10. The values of ER1, ER5, ER10 and ER30 were 25.0%, 66.7%, 74.7% and 79.1%, respectively. Besides, the proportion of patients who achieved ER was higher in those with 10 or more dissected lymph nodes than in those with less than 10 (85.7% vs 73.3%, P=0.05). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, both the dissected central lymph node number of ≥10 (OR=2.720, 95%CI: 1.052-7.033, P=0.039) and the level of preablation stimulated thyroglobulin (OR=0.955, 95%CI: 0.926-0.984, P=0.003) were shown to contribute independently to ER. Conclusion: As the increas-ing number of dissected central neck lymph nodes, the percentage of pN1a PTC patients that achieved ER after RAI ablation generally rises. In pN1a PTC patients with no more than 5 lymph nodes involvement, a central compartment dissection with 10 or more lymph nodes might help them achieve ER after RAI ablation.

Objective To detect the expression of Bmi-1 and p16 gene in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder(TCC) tissue and explore its clinical significance.Methods The expression of Bmi-1 and p16 gene were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 61 cases of TCC tissue and 12 cases of normal bladder tissue.Results The expression of Bmi-1 gene in TCC tissue was significantly higher than that in normal bladder tissue (0.242 ± 0.129 vs.0.031 ± 0.011),and the expression of p16 gene was significantly lower than that in normal bladder tissue (0.059 ± 0.021 vs.0.165 ± 0.029),there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of Bmi-1 and p16 gene were highly correlated with pathological grades,clinical stages and tumor recurrence (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).But there were not correlated with age and gender (P ＞ 0.05).There was a negative correlation between the expression of Bmi-1 gene and p16 gene in TCC tissue(rs =-0.714,P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Bmi-1 gene high expression and p16 gene low expression may be involved in the occurrence and development process of TCC.Bmi-1 may decrease the expression of p 16 gene in some ways,and then lead to the occurrence and development of TCC.

Background and purpose:This study aimed to investigate the relationship between lymph node metastatic rate (LR) and response to radioiodine therapy in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods:A total number of 143 PTC patients after radioiodine therapy were included and classified into 4 groups [Ⅰ(0%-10%),Ⅱ(>10%-25%),Ⅲ(>25%-50%),Ⅳ(>50%)] according to the lymph node metastatic rate, and the responses to initial radioiodine therapy after a median follow-up period of 20.7 months were evaluated. They were classiifed into 4 groups [excellent response (ER), indeterminate response (IDR), biochemical incomplete response (BIR), and struc-tural incomplete response (SIR)] according to the guideline proposed by 2015 American Thyroid Association. One-Way analysis of variance,χ2 test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to evaluate the differences in basic clinicopathological features and clinical responses among the 4 groups. The ROC curve was analyzed to evaluate the clinical value of lymph node metastatic rate for predicting ER and optimal cut-off point.Results:There were no signiifcant differences in gender and T-stage among 4 groups (P>0.05). However,Ⅰ group was signiifcantly older than the other 3 groups (P=0.001). With the increase of lymph node metastatic rate, the number of ER cases decreased, while cases of BIR and SIR generally increased. Compared with the other 3 groups, less cases of ER (27.8%), while more BIR (27.8%) or SIR (11.1%) were observed in groupⅣ (H=18.816,P=0.000). Cut-off value of lymph node involved rate was 52.27%, with a better speciifcity of predicting ER. Area under the ROC curve was 0.668.Conclusion:The higher lymph node metastatic rate in patients with PTC, the worse clinical outcome it could be. A cut-off value of lymph node metastatic rate 52.27% is a speciifc independent predictor for the clinical outcome in PTC patients treated with radioiodine therapy.