BACKGROUND:The androgen response to resistance exercise is one of hot topics in sports science research. At present, the androgen responses to resistance exercise show different results. There are different androgen changing trends under different resistance exercise interventions.
OBJECTIVE:To have a deep insight into the influence of resistance exercise on the response of human body androgen, clarify research progress in androgen response to resistance exercise, and provide the basic theory for monitoring resistance training.
METHODS:Literatures and paper reports about androgen response to resistance exercise are electronical y retrieved from the American Biological Medical Literature Database PubMed from 1986 and 2013. Final y 46 literatures addressing the research progress is analyzed about androgen responses to resistance exercise were included.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Studies have shown that, weight lifting (power snatch and power clean), squating, and deadlifting produced higher testosterone levels than the smal muscle groups. Under the same load, eccentric and concentric contractions produced the same hormone response. Adequate training amount and intensity may change the circulating testosterone levels. Short sports intermittent time led to a higher testosterone response than the long intermittent time. The free testosterone levels in youth group were significantly increased compared with the older group before and after exercise. Nutrition intervention affected acute testosterone responses to resistance exercise. Changes in exercise intensity and amount wil alter quiet testosterone levels, once returned to normal training, testosterone levels wil return to baseline values. Resistance exercise can increase androgen receptor content in human skeletal muscles.

BACKGROUND: Effect of exercise training on ultrastructure of skeletal muscle is a focus of quantified cytobiology in sports medicine. OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of transportation function of calcium ion in sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle in the model of reduced training after endurance training. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized animal trial was performed at Xi'an Sports Institute from April to July 2006, and the biochemical test was performed at the Animal Experimental Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University in July 2006. MATERIALS: Thirty-nine healthy 2-month-old male SD weighing (220?20) g were selected. METHODS: Five rats were used in the preliminary experiment, and the others were randomly divided to normal control group (n=8), endurance training group (n=8) and reduced training group (n=18). The increasing training period of endurance training group and reduced training group lasted for 6 weeks, and then reduced training group was randomly divided to 3 groups according to reduced training cycle: 2, 4 and 6 weeks group. The rats did increasing endurance loading exercise on a treadmill, while reduced intensity was used in reduced training group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Enzyme coupling method and fluorescence probe technology were used to detect sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) and maximum Ca2+ uptake and release of gastrocnemius muscle. RESULTS: The activity of Ca2+-ATPase in endurance training group was significantly increased compared with normal control group (P 0.05); reduced training 4 and 6 weeks groups were significantly reduced compared with endurance training group (P 0.05); while the maximum uptake and release of Ca2+ in sarcoplasmic reticulum of reduced training 4 and 6 weeks group was significantly reduced (P

AlM: To investigate the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy ( DR) in type 2 diabetes patients.METHODS:A total of 380 cases of type 2 diabetes were selected from January 2014 to June 2014, divided into DR group (126 cases) and non-diabetic retinopathy ( NDR) as control group (254 cases), all patients were underwent medical history, physical examinations, laboratory and assistance examinations. The prevalence and single factor and multiple factors of DR were analysed by the logistic regression model.RESULTS: The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that DR was associated with diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low - density lipoprotein, urine protein, intraocular pressure, carotid intima - media thickness, peripheral neuropathy disease was the related risk factors for DR. ln multiple logistic regression analysis, only duration was the related risk factors for DR.CONCLUSlON:The occurrence of DR is the outcome of combined action of multiple factors, duration is an independent risk factor for occurrence of DR.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is a common condition among the old,which remains a main cause of death due to its high fatality.Airway remodeling is one of its pathological features.This article reviews the pathological changes and imageological assessment of COPD airway remodeling,its correlation with microbes and its pathogenesis and therapies.

China ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with TC regimen in the treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods A total of 56 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer were divided into treatment group and control group by random digits table method with 28 cases each.In treatment group,the patients received TC regimen (paclitaxel plus carboplatin) chemotherapy,while giving patients Shenqi Fuzheng injection in the process of chemotherapy.In control group,the patients only received TC regimen chemotherapy.Tcell subsets and NK cell changes,changes in the quality of life,the recent efficacy and toxicity were observed in two groups.Results CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ and NK cell levels after treatment(0.6924 ± 0.0114,0.3738 ± 0.0234,1.48 ± 2.09,0.1849 ± 0.0210) were higher and CD8+ level (0.2528 ± 0.0112) was lower than those before treatment (0.6415 ± 0.0422,0.3254 ± 0.0312,1.02 ± 1.18,0.1378 ± 0.0126,0.3197 ± 0.0265 ) in treatment group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group (0.6167 ± 0.0347,0.3125 ± 0.0334,1.01 ± 3.31,0.1241 ± 0.0324,0.3101 ± 0.0101 ),CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+,NK cell levels were increased and CD8+ was decreased in treatment group (P ＜ 0.05).The quality of life improvement in treatment group [60.7％ (17/28)] was higher than that in control group [32.1％ (9/28)] (P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in the objective effective power between two groups [89.3 ％ (25/28) vs.82.1％ (23/28)] (P ＞ 0.05 ).The incidence of more than degree Ⅱ marrow depression (leucocyte decreasing,anemia,platelet decreasing) in treatment group was lower than that in control group [32.1％(9/28) vs.71.4％(20/28),25.0％(7/28) vs.42.9％(12/28),17.9％(5/28) vs.35.7％ (10/28)] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with TC regimen in the treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer is safe and effective,it plays an important role in improving immune function,the quality of life and protecting bone marrow function of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

Hepatic echinococcosis(HE)is a zoonosis seriously affecting the population in west China.Computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance angiography,ultrasound angiography can be used for detection of HE with the advantages of multiple angles and high definition.CT perfusion imaging,magnetic resonance perfusion imaging,diffusion weighted imaging and magnetic resonance spectrum may provide molecular imaging to visualize HE in vitro.Total cystectomy is a radical method for the treatment of hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE),but has the drawbacks of HE recurrence and bile leakage;subradical cystectomy not only eliminate residual cavity of HAE,but also effectively avoids the risks which might be caused by total cystectomy.Radical hepatectomy is the first choice for the treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis(HAE),while for patients with end-stage HCE,liver transplantation is the final choice of treatment.

Stem cell has a prospective future in cells therapy.However,the harvesting of stem cells is a paradoxical issue.In fact.the essence of dispute on stem cell studies is a combat between utilitarianism and moralism.The point of view of Marx's Ethics about stem cell studies present dialectical harmony between utilitarianism and moralism.The development of an embryo is a developing process from cell mass to natural persons.but not social persons which have characteristics of sociality and consciousness.Embryo is not completely a person,so embryonic stem cell harvesting is consistent with Marx's Ethics.But the timing of harvesting stem cells and the way to deal with the embryo need further discussion.

The characteristics both of medical humanistic education and community activities are educating people in the practicality,comprehensiveness and integration etc,and they play a special role in improving the overall quality and capacity of university students.It is an important and effective form to strengthen the medical humanities education by making full use of a platform through medical humanistic education in the activities of university student society,which is a practical way to integrate medical humanistic education and professional skills training and can improve the overall quality and capacity of university students.

Rotavirus is an important pathogen, which can cause severe diarrhea in infants and children.Because of lacking of specific therapy, an effective vaccine is particularly urgently needed. Vaccine safety,efficacy of the vaccine, possible outcomes of continuous expression of the vaccine' s exogenous antigens and vaccine' s induction on the immune response of bodies are the key factors to rotavirus vaccine, Present review discussed and analyzed the related characteristics of rotavirus vaccine abroad, in order to put forward further guidance on the research, and promote the development of rotavirus vaccine in China.