Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; K562 Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective: To explore and obtain the isolation and culture methods of the highly purified primary rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). Methods: The brains of 10 3-week-old Wistar rats were harvested by decapitation, removing the white matter and mincing into approximately 1 mm3. A highly purified brain microvascular fragments were obtained through enzymatic digestion twice, 20% bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 33% continuous Percoll density gradient centrifugation. They were incubated into gelatin-coated 35 mm dish plates and the endothelial medium containing 4 μg/ml puromycins was added. The medium was renewed after 2 days. The endothelial cell growth and its morphology were observed using an inverted microscope. The expression of BMECs markers factor VIII-related antigen (vWF) was detected by immunocytoehemical method and was identified. Results: The endothelial cells grew out around the adherent brain microvascular fragments after culturing for 24 hours, and the cells were spindle-shaped. A fusion was formed after 5 to 6 days. BMECs after the fusion showed a typical "cobblestone-like" appearance. Immunocytochemical analysis showed the vWF expression of BMECs was positive, while the glial fibrillary protein (GFAP) expression was negative. The purity of BMVECs reached more than 96%. Conclusion: This method may successfully obtain the highly purified rat primary BMECs.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) emphasizes treatment based on syndrome differentiation, which is the core technology that can embody the characteristics and advantages of TCM diagnosis and treatment. This is based on holistic view to illustrate individual diagnosis and treatment and dynamic treatment. However, RCT, which is frequently used in TCM clinical studies, can not reflect the concept of treatment based on syndrome differentiation. The use of adaptive treatment strategies in clinical researches can adjust therapy in patients according to the changes of diseases, so it can reflect individual diagnosis and treatment and dynamic treatment. From this perspective, the process of treatment based on syndrome differentiation is a process of decision-making of adaptive treatment. So the method for developing adaptive treatment strategies can effectively evaluate the efficacy of different treatment strategies in TCM clinical studies. Adaptive treatment strategies have been used in some clinical studies from some published foreign literatures. However, the use of adaptive treatment strategies in domestic clinical researches is seldom reported. This article discussed the concept of adaptive treatment strategies and their important components in detail. In addition, it presented three methods which can take the delayed effects of the current treatment action into consideration and can compare the overall effect of different adaptive treatment strategies, with a purpose to lay some foundation for future TCM researches in the development of optimal clinical pathway and provide new ideas and methods for researches.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) emphasizes treatment based on syndrome differentiation, which em-bodies the concept of individualized diagnosis and dynamic treatment on a holistic view. RCT was frequently used in TCM clinical study. However, it cannot reflect the concept of treatment based on syndrome differentiation. The use of adaptive treatment strategies (ATS) in clinical research can adjust therapy in patients according to the change of disease, so it can reflect personalized medicine and dynamic treatment. From this perspective, the process of treat-ment based on syndrome differentiation was a process of adaptive treatment decision. So the method for developing ATS can effectively evaluate the efficacy of different treatment strategies in TCM clinical study. ATS had been used in some clinical studies from published literatures abroad. However, the use of ATS in domestic clinical research was seldom been reported. This paper gave an outline of the concept of ATS. In addition, this paper focused on three methods which can take the delayed effects of current treatment action into consideration and can compare the over-all effect of different ATS. It was hoped to lay foundation for future scientific research of TCM in the implementation of SMART and provide a new idea.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of topiramate(TPM) on neuronal apoptosis in rats with acute seizures.Methods We treated the PTZ-induced seizure rats with TPM at 80mg/(kg?d)(high-dose group) and 40mg/(kg?d)(middle-dose group) or physiological saline(control group) for 2 weeks.Neuronal apoptosis in CA_1 and CA_3 regions in hippocampus was identified by terminal deoxynucletidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin in situ nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay.Results Two weeks following seizures,TUNEL-positive neurons were detected in CA_1 and CA_3 regions each group.The numbers of TUNEL-positive neurons in CA_1 and CA_3 of control group were(35.83?)4.58 and(36.83?)3.83,(23.50?)2.81 and(25.50?)3.72 of high-dose TPM group,(31.52?)3.43 and(32.35?)4.69 of middle-dose TPM group.There was a very significant difference between high-dose TPM group and control group(all(P)0.05).Conclusion High dose administration of TPM after experimental status epilepticus may attenuate seizure-induced hippocampal neuronal injury.

Objective To elucidate clinical and pathological features of obesity-associated focalsegmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS). Methods Clinicopathological data of thirteen obese cases (BMI3≥28kg/m2) with FSGS(OB-FSGS) and thirteen non-obese cases(BMI

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficiency of 0.1％ tacrolimus ointment combined with paroxetine in patients with neurodermatitis associated with insomnia.MethodsTotally,74 patients suffering from neurodermatitis and insomnia were consecutively enrolled in this study,and randomly assigned into the combination group and control group according to their number(odd or even).Both groups were given topical 0.1％ tacrolimus ointment twice a day,and the combination group was additionally given oral paroxetine 10 mg once a day,for 8 weeks.The outcome parameters included main symptoms of neurodermatitis and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) score.ResultsNo significant difference was observed in the cure rate (54.3％(19/35) vs.53.1％ (17/32),P＞ 0.05) or response rate (82.9％ (29/35) vs.81.3％ (26/32),P＞ 0.05),between the combination group and control group.PSQI score was significantly lower in the combination group than in the control group after 8 weeks of treatment(P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsThe 0.1％ tacrolimus ointment can be used to treat neurodermatitis safely.Antianxiety treatment can reduce the recurrence of neurodermatitis associated with insomnia,and improve the quality of sleep in patients.

To analyze the reasons for the formation of constipation,the causes,clinical manifestations,surgical indications and surgical treatment were analyzed,focusing on slow transit constipation,outlet obstruction constipation and mixed constipation.Grasping surgery indications is stressed in surgical treatment of constipation.Only appropriate procedure can obtain satisfactory results.

Congenital Abnormalities ; Encephalocele ; Humans ; Nose Diseases ; congenital

Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurosurgery ; trends