For the purpose of clinical application, this article presents a preliminary observation on the arterial supply of the knee joint in 57 fixed and fresh lower limbs, adopting topography, arterial cast, a rteriography and clearing of the specimens. There are more variations and common-stems of the articular branches on the right side. Each artery of the knee has its own characteristic morphology and special distribution. Whenever a local area has several sources of arterial supply, relationships between primary and secondary, superficial and deep arteries exist. According to their caliber, arteries of the knee may be divided into 3 groups. Besides the possibility for evaluating the degree of blood supply, variations in caliber are indications for estimating the size of neighboring arteries. Arterial blood supply of the whole knee area is comparatively even and symmetrical. The level of origin of all arteries supplying the Same area of the knee joint is constant, bearing a certain relation to one another. Besides, a brief discussion about the concept of "pure articular branch" and "musculoarticular branch", collateral arterial anastomosis, local "nonvascular area", relationship between prepatellar arterial network and the blood supply of patella is given.

Objective To investigate the microsatellite instability(MSI) and loss of heterozygosity(LOH) of BRCA1 gene at locus D17S855 in sporadic liver cancer in chinese,and their influence on the expression of corresponding genes of liver cancer,in order to provide laboratory basis for clinical treatment and prognosis analysis of liver cancer.Methods The following techniques were used in the study: extraction of DNA from paraffin-embedded tissues,polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism(PCR-SSCP),ordinary silver stain,Envision immunohistochemistry and Leica-Qwin computer imaging techniques.MSI and LOH of BRCA1 gene at locus D17S855 were detected and BRCA1 proteins were identified.Results MSI at locus D17S855 was positive in 14 of 74 samples of liver cancer(18.9%).MSI positive rate in TNM I+II(31.6%) was much higher than that in TNM III+IV(5.6%,P

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT)for foreign body of trachea or bronchus in children.Methods Twenty cases suspected foreign body were examined with MSCT.The post-processing reconstruction included multiple planar reconstruction(MPR),CT virtual bronchoscopy(CTVB),shaded surface display(SSD),minimum intensity projection(MinIP),and volume rendering(VR).Results The foreign bodies located at trachea in 1 case and at bronchia in 19 cases.The foreign bodies included 18 fragments of peanut and melon seeds,one shrimp and one plastic-tube.All cases were confirmed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy or course of diseases.The position and form of foreign bodies,as well as the relationship between foreign bodies and bronchial muous membrane could be showed by MPR,CTVB,SSD,MinIP and VR.Conclusion MSCT scanning is a significant noninvasive and sensitive diagnostic technique in detecting the foreign body in trachea or bronchus.

Objective To investigate the influence of tiotropium bromide on lung function index,quality of life and re-hospitalization risk of patients with bronchial dilation and pulmonary infection.Methods 100 patients with bronchiectasis and lung infection were chosen,and they were randomly divided into control group (50 patients) with BAL used alone and observation group(50 patients) with tiotropium bromide on the basis of control group.The short-term clinical effects,the levels of FVC,FEV1 and FEV1 ％,BODE index scores and QLI scores before and after treatment,and re-hospitalization rate of the two groups were compared.Results The short-term effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(94.00％ vs.76.00％,x2 =7.81,P ＜ 0.05).The levels of FVC,FEV1 and FEV1％ after treatment of both two groups were significantly higherthan before treatment[(2.78 ±0.57)L vs.(2.15 ± 0.33) L,(3.60 ± 0.71) L vs.(2.20 ± 0.36) L;(2.15 ± 0.42)L vs.(1.23 ±0.32)L,(2.77±0.59)L vs.(1.17 ±0.29)L;(65.25 ±11.45)％ vs.(51.79 ±9.23)％,(77.46 ±15.80) ％ vs.(52.02 ± 9.36) ％,t =2.34,2.97;2.52,3.07;2.47,3.12,all P ＜ 0.05].After treatment,the levels of FVC,FEV1 and FEV1 ％ of the observation group were significantly higher than control group [(3.60 ± 0.71) L vs.(2.78 ±0.57)L;(2.77 ±0.59)L vs.(2.15 ±0.42)L;(77.46±15.80)％ vs.(65.25 ± 11.45)％,t =2.26,2.44,2.30,all P ＜0.05].The QLI score and BODE index scores after treatment of both two groups were significantly better than before treatment[(3.37 ± 0.54) points vs.(3.95 ± 0.65) points,(2.11 ± 0.40) points vs.(3.87 ±0.61)points,(7.28 ±1.18)points vs.(5.04 ± 0.95) points,(8.69 ± 1.54) points vs.(5.13 ±0.98) points,t =2.29,2.81;2.50,2.96,all P ＜ 0.05].After treatment,the QLI score and BODE index scores of the observation group were significantly better than the control group[(2.11 ±0.40) points vs.(3.37 ±0.54) points,(8.69 ± 1.54) points vs.(7.28 ± 1.18)points,t =2.21,2.44,all P ＜ 0.05].The re-hospitalization rate of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (16.00％ vs.2.00％;28.00％ vs.6.00％;x2 =8.02,9.74,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Selective cholinergic receptor blocker combined with BAL in the treatment of patients with bronchial dilation and pulmonary infection can efficiently relieve the respiratory symptoms,improve lung function,improve the quality of life and is helpful to avoid re-hospitalization occurrence.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and side reaction of tandospimne citrate capsules on treating patients with depression after stroke.Methods Seventy-eight patients who were diagnosed as anxiety and depression after stroke were taken as our subjects.They were randomly divided into control group (n =40) and treatment group (n =38).Patients in the control group were given conventional therapy for cerebral vascular disease and psychological treatment,while in the treatment group were given the same treatment besides tandospimne citrate capsules of 10 mg per times,3 times/d oral,and course of both two groups for 4 weeks.The patients of two groups were scored according to Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD) at the time of pre-treatment and post-treatment.And the the clinical efficacy and side reaction were observed and compared.Results (1) HAMD scores of treatment group in 2,4 weeks after treatment had significantly lower than that before treatment ((8.09±2.21) vs.(6.31 ±2.28) vs.(11.98 ±2.17),P ＜0.05).HAMD scores of control group in the treatment at 2week was as same as that in 4 weeks((10.57 ±2.53) vs.(8.91 ±2.31)).There was statistically significant difference in two groups in 2,4 weeks after treatment in terms of HAMD scores(P ＞0.05).The total effective rate of control group was 31.6％ (12/38),and 92.5％ (37/40) in treatment group,and the difference was significant(x2 =63.69,P ＜ 0.01).In the course of treatment in the two groups,there were no obvious adverse reactions.Conclusion Tandospirone citrate capsules show the clinical curative effect in the treatment of anxiety and depression after stroke,and no obvious adverse reactions.

Object To study the chemical constituents in the mycelia of Hypomyces sp Methods The mycelia were extracted with acetone and the chemical constituents of the extract were isolated and purified on silica gel column Chemical and spectral methods were used to determine the structures of the isolated compounds Results Five compounds were obtained and identified as: hypocrellin A (Ⅰ),hypocrellin C (Ⅱ), elsinochrome C (Ⅲ), 1 phenazinecarboxylic acid (Ⅳ), and 1,8 dihydroxy 9,10 anthraquinone (Ⅴ) Conclusion Compounds Ⅱ～Ⅴ were obtained from the mycelia of Hypomyces sp for the first time

Objective To assess the clinical results of the treatment of the 211 cases of long bone shaft fractures at lower limbs with intramedullary interlocking nails. Methods 211 cases of femoral and tibial fractures were treated chiefly with unreamed intramedullary interlocking nails and postoperative functional exercises including continuous passive motion (CPM). Results 189 cases were followed up for an average of 9 months (ranging from 4 to 26 months). All the cases achieved bone union, and no nonunion occurred. Delayed union occurred in 7 cases and limited knee joint function in 4 cases. According to the Johner-wruhs criteria, 178 cases were assessed as excellent, 24 as good and 9 as fair. The total excellent and good rate was 95.6%. Conclusions The intramedullary interlocking nail is a good device for the treatment of long bone shaft fractures at lower limbs. Its indications have become wider. It is correct to pay equal attention to the blood supply of the fractured bone and the reduction of the fracture during the operation.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the physiological and biochemical effects of intermittent fasting combined with hunger-resistant food on mice, and to evaluate the safety and beneficial effects of this regimen. METHODS: One hundred and forty-four adult ICR mice were divided into 4 groups: standard feed AL group (ad libitum intake of standard feed), hunger-resistant food AL group (ad libitum intake of hunger-resistant food), standard feed IF group (feeding standard feed and fasting on alternate days), and hunger-resistant food IF group (feeding hunger-resistant food and fasting on alternate days). The experiment lasted for 4-8 weeks and all mice drank water freely. The quality of life, body weight, fasting blood glucose, serum lipid, blood routine test, liver and kidney functions as well as the viscera indexes were examined. RESULTS: Compared to the standard feed AL group, the caloric taking and the increment of body-weight were reduced (P<0.01), and the viscera indexes of the liver and kidney were elevated (P<0.05) in the hunger-resistant food AL group and the hunger-resistant food IF group, the values of fasting blood glucose were reduced in standard feed IF group and hunger-resistant food IF group (P<0.01), the value of triglycerides was reduced in hunger-resistant food IF group (P<0.05), while the quality of life, blood routine test as well as the liver and kidney functions were not obviously affected in the hunger-resistant food AL group, standard feed IF group and hunger-resistant food IF group. CONCLUSION: The regimen of intermittent fasting combined with hunger-resistant food is safe and beneficial to metabolic regulation, such as controlling body-weight and adjusting blood glucose and serum lipid. It is expected that development of this regimen will be helpful to the control of obesity and diabetes, etc.

BACKGROUND: Autologous blood transfusion device has been widely used in the clinic, reduces al ogeneic blood transfusion, and avoids the occurrence of blood transfusion complications, and effectively improves the patient’s blood safety, but the application of autologous blood transfusion after total hip arthroplasty has been seldom reported. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the safety and effectiveness of autologous blood transfusion after total hip arthroplasty. METHODS: 200 patients were treated by primary unilateral total hip arthroplasty from March 2013 to March 2015. They were randomly divided into two groups. 127 patients in the autologous blood transfusion group received autologous blood transfusion by a drainage tube. 73 patients in the negative pressure drainage bal group received a negative pressure drainage tube. The standard for al ogeneic blood transfusion after replacement was hemoglobin < 80 g/L. The changes in hemoglobin were compared before and 1 and 7 days after replacement between the two groups. Total drainage volume and al ogeneic blood transfusion were compared within 6 hours after replacement between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no statistical differences in hemoglobin levels at 7 days before and after replacement, in drainage volume within 6 hours and the total drainage volume between the two groups (P >0.05). Hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in the autologous blood transfusion group than in the negative pressure drainage bal group at 1 day after replacement (P < 0.05). In the autologous blood transfusion group, autologous blood transfusion volume was averagely 324.2 mL. Al ogeneic blood transfusion volume was averagely 146.7 mL in 31 patients. No reaction was found after autologous blood transfusion. In the negative pressure drainage bal group, 49 patients received al ogeneic blood transfusion (averagely 261 mL). The volume and proportion of al ogeneic blood transfusion were significantly lower in the autologous blood transfusion group than in the negative pressure drainage bal group (P < 0.05). Among patients receiving al ogeneic blood transfusion, seven patients affected pyrogenetic reaction during blood transfusion. These findings suggested that autologous blood transfusion is simple and effective, can effectively reduce the volume and reaction of al ogeneic blood transfusion after total hip arthroplasty and avoid blood-borne diseases, with good prospects.

OBJECTIVETo study the cytotoxicity of maitotoxin (MTX) and its protective effects on calcium-channel blocking agents, so as to provide the data for control and treatment of MTX poisoning.

METHODSCytotoxicity was measured by MTT detecting system, and cytoplasmic free [Ca(2+)]i was measured by F-4500 fluorometry.

RESULTSIncubation with 8 ng/ml MTX for 3 h reduced the survival ratio of LLC-PK(1) cells. The response was found in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, with significant differences as compared with the control group. The MTX-induced increase in [Ca(2+)]i was inhibited by Verapamil and Nifedipine at 5 x 10(-5) mol/L and 1 x 10(-4) mol/L respectively. Both of them significantly reduced the death of the LLC-PK(1) cells.

CONCLUSIONSCytotoxicity of MTX may be caused by the elevated intracellular [Ca(2+)]i. Calcium-channel blocking agents could protect LLC-PK(1) cells from injury by MTX.

Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Drug Antagonism ; LLC-PK1 Cells ; Marine Toxins ; toxicity ; Nifedipine ; pharmacology ; Oxocins ; Swine ; Verapamil ; pharmacology