OBJECTIVE:To study the status and characteristics of the adverse drug reactions(ADR) presented in our hospital.METHODS:A total of 393 ADR cases collected during the period 2003～2007 in our hospital were analyzed statistically regarding the general status of the patients,route of administration,drug variety,the types of lesions and the clinical manifestations etc.RESULTS:Of the 393 ADR cases,the aged people(≥61 a) showed a highest incidence at 21.88%, 83.71%were induced by intravenous infusion,72.26%were induced by anti- infective drugs,lesions of skin and the appendants were the major type of ADR,accounting for 39.94%,and there were only 36 serious eases,accounting for 9.16%. CONCLUSION:ADR reporting and monitoring should be strengthened in hospital.Making full use of hospital ADR infor mation can facilitate rational drug use and improve clinical rational drug use level.

Cationic polymer, a kind of nonviral nanometric gene vector,have attracted more and more attention because they have many advantages in terms of low toxicity,lack of specific immune response,ease of large-scale production and big load.There are also many advance in how to increase the efficience of transduction.The anthor reviewed the advance of PLL and PEI as the nonviral nanometric gene vectors.

Objective To assess the clinical value of microguidewire looping technique in superselective catheterization of the acute angled artery. Methods Manipulating the microguide wire into a U shaped loop and simultaneus withdrawal of the microguidewire and microcatheter was performed when the tip of the microguidewire simultaneous got into the target artery and following by slowly and simultaneously withdrawing the microguidewire and microcatheter until the tip of the microguidewire entering into the target artery for a certain length and finally pushed the microcatheter into the target artery slowly. Results Eighteen out of 21 patients with acute angled target artery were successfully catheterized through this approach with technical success rate of 86%, without any complications. Conclusions Microguidewire looping technique is a feasible method for superselective catheterization of the acute angled artery when the routine approach failed.

BACKGROUND: Moxonidine is the second-generation high-selective central antihypertensive drug, while clonidine is the first-generation antihypertensive drug that is used in clinic with many side effects.OBJECTIVE: To compare the characteristics between moxonidine and clonidine in renal-hypertensive rats.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Nantong University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in Medical College, Nantong University between September and December 2004. Totally 110 SD rats aged 60 days with the body mass of (180±30) g were used in the study.METHODS: Left renal artery stenosis in SD rats was established by inserting silver clip with the inner diameter of 0.2 mm or 0.25 mm, while the right renal artery was not received, so as to establish two-kidney one-clip(2K-1C) renal hypertensive models. ①Changes of blood pressure and heart rate in awake rats with renal hypertension were determined with arteria caudilis indirect manometric method, oral administration once or consecutively. The experiment of depressurization with once oral administration:The rats were randomly assigned into 5 groups with 10 rats in each group:1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg moxonidine hydrochloride groups, 1 mg/kg clonidine hydrochloride group were considered as positive control group,while saline group as negative control group. On the basis of the effect of moxonidine hydrochloride on blood pressure, blood pressure was measured at 1, 4, 24, 48, 72 hours after moxonidine administration, and compared with that before administration or the effect of saline. The experiment of depressurization with consecutively oral administration once a day. The grouping was the same to above-mentioned. Successive administration was for 7 days, once a day. The blood pressure and heart rate were determined at 1 hour before and after administration, and observed for 3 days after drug withdrawal. Recommended dose of moxonidine hydrochloride for human was about 0.4 mg/kg, while the oral dose for rats were around 0.04 mg/kg based on the animals' surface area. ②Changes of blood pressure and heart rate in anaesthesia rats with renal hypertension with a catheter on the carotid artery directly: 0.2 mg/kg drug liquor was given with gastric perfusion. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 ones in each group: 0.13,0.4, 1.3 mg/kg moxonidine hydrochloride groups, 0.13 mg/kg clonidine hydrochloride group and saline control group. Mean arterial pressure was determined before and after administration at different time.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes of blood pressure and heart rate in conscious and anesthetized renal-hypertensive rats before and after being administrated orally once or consecutively.RESULTS: All the rats were involved in the result analysis, without drop out during the trial. ①Moxonidine showed a dose-dependent effect on depressurization and descent of heart rate after once large dose oral administration in conscious renal-hypertensive rats. The 10-fold higher doses of moxonidine caused the same effects of clonidine. The decreasing of heart rate was little and short after consecutively small dose of oral administration of moxonidine, and which was similar to clonidine in percentage of depressurization. ②In anesthetized renal-hypertensive rats, moxonidine showed a dose-dependent effect on depressurization after once oral administration. There was no significant difference between moxonidine and clonidine in percentage of depressurization after 3 to 10-fold higher dose administration (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The once higher dose oral administration of moxonidine has dose-dependent effect on depressurization for renal-hypertensive awake rats. Anesthesia. The effect of 10-fold dosage of moxonidine is equal to that of clonidine. The effect of 3-10-fold dosage of moxonidine is equal to that of clonidine in anesthesia renal-hypertensive rats. The small dose oral administration continuously of both moxonidine and clonidine with the same volume has the same depressurization effect in renal-hypertensive rats.

OBJECTIVE:To observe therapeutic efficacy of Jiangu tongxiao pills in the treatment of osteoarthritis. METH-ODS:72 patients with osteoarthritis were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 36 cases in each group. Treatment group was given Jiangu tongxiao pill orally,5 g/time,3 times/d;control group was treated with Glucosamine sulfate capsules orally. 0.5 g/time,3 times/d. A treatment course lasted for 7 days,and both group received 4 treatment courses. Clinical ef-ficacy,WOMAC score and VAS score were observed and compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:The total effective rate of treat-ment group(94.44%)was obviously superior to that(83.33%)of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). WOMAC score and VAS score of treatment group were lower than those of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLU-SIONS:Jiangu tongxiao pills has good therapeutic efficacy for osteoarthritis.

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of using polyethyleneimine(PEI) coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(polyMAG-1000) as gene vectors. Methods:The surface characteristies of the nanoparticles were observed with scan electronical microscope.The ability of the nanoparticles to combine and protect DNA were investigated at different PH after the polyMAG-1000 and DNA were combined at different ratio.The nanoparticles were tested as a gene vectors through transfection models in vitro. Results: Under scan electronical microscope, the diameter of the nanoparticles was about 100 nm. The nanoparticles could bind and condense DNA under acidic ,neutral and alkaline pH conditions. The nanoparticles could transfer gene into cell and express green fluorescent protein(GFP).The efficiency of transfection was the highest when the ratio of the nanoparticles and DNA was 1 ∶ 1(v ∶ w).The difference was marked in the transfection efficiency when magnetic field was added or not. Conclusion: The magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with PEI may be potentially used as gene vectors.

0.05). CONCLUSION: The effects of 10 mg?kg -1 m oxonidine on reduced blood pressure and heart rate in SHR is equal to the effect s of 1 mg?kg -1 clonidine after once large dose oral administration. T here is no significant difference between the moxonidine and clonidine of the sa me dose in reducing blood pressure after repeatedly small dose oral administrati on in SHR.

To evaluate the feasibility of using polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated magnetic iron.oxide nanoparticles (polyMAG-1000) as gene vectors. The surface characteristics of the nanoparticles were observed with scanning electron microscopy. The ability of the nanoparticles to combine with and protect DNA was investigated at different PH values after polyMAG-1000 and DNA were combined in different ratios. The nanoparticles were tested as gene vectors with in vitro transfection models. Under the scanning electron microscope the nanoparticles were about 100 nm in diameter. The nanoparticles could bind and condense DNA under acid, neutral and alkaline conditions, and they could transfer genes into cells and express green fluorescent proteins (GFP). The transfection efficiency was highest (51%) when the ratio of nanoparticles to DNA was 1:1 (v:w). In that ratio, the difference in transfection efficiency was marked depending on whether a magnetic field was present or not: about 10% when it was absent but 51% when it was present. The magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with PEI may potentially be used as gene vectors.
Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms/*pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Ferric Compounds/*chemistry ; Ferric Compounds/metabolism ; Gene Targeting ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Magnetics ; Nanotechnology ; Particle Size ; Polyethyleneimine/chemistry ; Transfection/methods

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of using TRAIL gene to treat breast cancer mediated with a novel carrier - magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (poly-MAG-1000) coated with PEI. The magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were used as gene carrier to transfect TRAIL gene into MCF-7 cells. The polyMAG-1000 without TRAIL gene was transfected into the tumor cells as negative control. TRAIL gene transfection with liposome as carrier served as positive control. The apoptosis of cells was detected with TUNEL method. The apoptosis ratio of tumor cells was measured with flow cytometry (FCM). It was found that the apoptosis occurred in the tumor cells after transfection of TRAIL gene mediated by both polyMAG-1000 and liposome. The apoptosis ratio in the group with polyMAG-1000 as gene carrier was (25.11+/-2.85) %, whereas it was (5.06+/- 1.05) % in the control group with polyMAG-1000 (P<0.01). The apoptosis ratio was as low as (18.31+/-2.44) % in the group with liposome as gene carrier (P<0.05, as compared with the group with polyMAG-1000 as gene carrier). It is suggested that TRAIL gene may induce apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with PEI may be a potential gene carrier with high transfection efficacy for cancer gene therapy..

The relationship between immune vasculitis and atherosclerosis was studied. The experimental model of weanling rabbits for immune vasculitis was reproduced by intravenous injection of 10% bovine serum albumin. There were 6 groups: group A, 25 weanling rabbits with immune vasculitis subject to coronary arteriography; group B, 10 normal mature rabbits subject to coronary arteriography; group C, 10 weanling rabbits subject to coronary arteriography; group D, 8 weanling rabbits with vasculitis and cholesterol diet; group E, 8 weanling rabbits receiving single cholesterol diet; group F: 8 weanling rabbits receiving basic diet. Four weeks later, coronary arteriography was performed in groups A, B and C. The rabbits in groups D, E and F were sacrificed for the study of pathological changes in the coronary artery after 12 weeks. The results showed that the dilatation of coronary artery occurred in 6 rabbits of group A, but in groups B and C, no dilatation of coronary artery appeared. In comparison with group E, more severe atherosclerosis occurred in group D, showing the thickened plaque, fibrous sclerosis and atherosclerotic lesion. Percentage of plaques covering aortic intima, incidence of atherosclerosis of small coronary arteries and degree of stenosis of coronary arteries were significantly higher in group D than in group E (P < 0.01). No atherosclerosis changes were found in group F. It was concluded that in the acute phase, the serum immune vasculitis can induce the dilatation of coronary artery of some weanling rabbits, and aggravate the formation of atherosclerosis in rabbits fed with cholesterol diet. Immune vasculitis is a new risk factor of atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease.
Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/chemically induced ; Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/*complications ; Atherosclerosis/*etiology ; Cholesterol, Dietary/*administration & dosage ; Myocardial Ischemia/etiology ; Random Allocation ; Risk Factors ; Serum Albumin, Bovine