Objective To research the effect of octreotide on the lung injury of far place organ after ischemia-reperfusion in rabbit liver.Methods Prings maneuver rabbit hepatic ischemia-reperfusion models were established. 24 adult New Zealand rabbits were random divided into three groups: group Ⅰ (sham operative group) , group Ⅱ (ischemia-reperfusion by physiological saline group) and group Ⅲ (octreotide preconditioning group). To group Ⅲ, we injected octreotide of 20μg/kg to abdominal cavity and octreotide of 30(μg/kg to skin following, and octreotide was dissolved into 2ml with 0. 9% physiological saline. To group Ⅰ and Ⅱ, octreotide were replaced with the same amount of physiological saline. The changes of MAP, HR in every group were recorded at the time before ischemia (T1 ) , 30min (T2) after ischemia, 30min(T3) , 60min(T4) , 120min(T5) , 240min(T6) after reperfusion. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and interleukin-lbeta (IL-1β) in the plasma in every group at T1, T2, T3, T4 , T5, T6 were detected. These rabbits were killed 240 min after reperfusion, then the lung's hepatocellular ultrastructures of every group were observed under electromicroscope, and the apoptosis of lung was detected by TUNEL. Results The MAP, HR of group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were lower than that of group Ⅰ at T2 to T4. Moreover, group Ⅱ were lower than that of group Ⅲ (P <0.05). The TNF-a, IL-1β of group Ⅱ (fromT2) and group Ⅲ ( from T3) were higher than that of group Ⅰ ( P < 0.05) , and group Ⅲ were lower than group Ⅱ after ischemia (P <0. 01). Through electromicroscope, we found that the injury of the lungs hepatocellular ultrastructure in group Ⅲ was slighter than that in group Ⅱ . We detected the apoptosis of the lung organizes by TUNEL under 5 fields of light microscopes, and found that the apoptosis counts of group Ⅱ (55. 82 ±4. 19) and group Ⅲ (32. 17 ±3. 10) were more than that of group Ⅰ (3. 96 ±0. 87), and group Ⅲ were less than thatof group Ⅱ (P < 0. 01). Conclusion Octreotide can protect the lung injury of far place organ after ische-mia-reperfusion in rabbit liver.

Objective To study the effect of hype rt hermia on cytokines of VX_2 carcinoma bearing rabbits. Method Forty healthy male rabbits were randoml y divided into heat therapy group and control group. Rabbits in heat therapy gro up underwent hyperthermia 11 days after inoculated with VX_2 cells. IL-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and insulinlike growth factor (IGF) were measured b efore and after heat therapy. Results In heat therapy group survival was prolonged for 15 days. IL-2 d ecreased gradually from (134?6)ng/ml before heat therapy, (81?7)ng/ml one week after, (61.8?2.0)ng/ml at 3 weeks, and (54.8?2.6)ng/ml at 4 weeks along with an increase of TNF and IGF (4.5?0.9)ng/ml, and ( 96?28)ng/ml; (7.6?1.8)ng/ml and (678?183)ng/ml; (15.1?3 .0)ng/ml and (991?108)ng/ml; (17.2?2.1)ng/ml and (1136?89 )ng/ml respectively at the corresponding time period. Conclusion Heat therapy is effective for the tre atment of superficial tumors probably through a mechanism of antigen-antibody r eaction.

Objective To observe liver function improvement of Grave's disease combined with liver damage after ~(131)I cure.Methods We observed patients of Graves disease combined with liver damage on diffevent times after ~(131)I cure(3,6,12,24 months after ~(131)I cure) and at the same time we monitored liver function.Results The liver function and clinical expression of the patients who had Graves disease combined with liver damage improved vemarkably after ~(131)I cure.Conclusion ~(131)I cure Graves patients combined with liver damage is safe and simple and has long-term effect.It's side effect is little and is apt to be accepted by patients.

Objective To explore the validity and security of Simulect (basiliximab) induction immunosuppressive therapy in terms of prevention of acute allograft rejection in sensitive recipients.Methods Thirty-six adult recipients of cadaveric kidney transplant with panal reactive antibody 30 %～ 50 % were assigned randomly in a 1∶1 ratio to receive either two doses Simulect or matching placebo. Both patient groups also received baseline triple immunosuppression with the cyclosporine microemulsion, MMF and steroids. A total 40 mg Simulect was given in two doses of 20 mg eachon day 0 about 2 h before transplantation and the day 4 after transplantation respectively.Results No hyperacute rejection and delayed graft function occurred in the two groups. No apparent adverse and toxic events were recorded in the Simulect group. The incidence of acute rejection 3 months after transplantation was 11.1 % in Simulect group compared with 50 % in the placebo group ( 77.8 % reduction, P

0.05).The graft function of high dose group returned to normal within 3 to 7 days after operation.Delayed recovery of graft function occurred in 2 cases of routine dose group;in 1 case it returned to normal on the 21st day after operation, in the other the serum creatinine level fell down to 300 ?mol/L on the 45th day.There was no severe adverse event such as fever,chill,headache,heart-throb,dyspnea during ATG intravenous perfusion.And no serious infection occurred in the 2 groups during the first 3 months postoperatively.Hepatic function damage occurred in 1 case of high dose group.Follow-up ranged from 4 to 14 months.All recipients of high dose group survived with good graft function;5 of them could do housework. Only one graft lost its function in routine dose group. Conclusions On the basis of optimal selection of the donor and recipient,preoperative single-bolus high-dose ATG is effective and safe for the sensitive recipients as immune induction therapy, which may become one of the new induction treatments before transplantation.

Objective To study the protective effect of octreotide on myocardial injury after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rabbit. Methods Pringle's maneuver rabbit hepatic ischemia-reperfusion model was established. 24 adult New Zealand rabbits were random divided into equal 3 groups: sham operative group ( group A) , ischemia-reperfusion group( group B) and octreotide preconditioning group ( group C ). The levels of CK-MB( MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase) and LDH ( 1actate dehydrogenase), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) of each group were measured at the time before ischemia (T1) , after ischemia for 30 mins ( T2 ) and after reperfusion for 60 mins ( T3 ), 120mins ( T4 ), 240 mins ( T5 ). The SOD and MDA in myocardial tissue of each group were measured after reperfusion for 240 mins. The changes of ultrastructure in the myocardial cell were observed by transmission electron microscopy after reperfusion for 240 mins. Results There was no significant difference in the levels of CK-MB and LDH in serum of each group before ischemia ( P ＞0. 05). The CK-MB and LDH of group B and C were higher than that of group A ( P ＜0.05) after ischemia for30 mins. The CK-MB and LDH of group C were lower than that of group B in this period( P ＜0. 05 ). The highest time point of LDH and CK-MB were after reperfusion for 120 mins and 240 mins. The contents of MDA in group B and group C were higher than that in group A from after ischemia for 30 mins in plasma and after reperfusion for 240 mins in myocardial tissue ( P ＜ 0. 05 ),and it in group C were lower than that in group B( P ＜0.05) .The contents of SOD in group B and group C were lower than that in group A from after ischemia for 30 mins in blood plasma and after reperfusion for 240 mins in myocardial tissue ( P ＜0. 05), and in group C were higher than that in group B( P ＜0. 05).The electromicroscope showed that the pathological change of myocardial ultrastructure of group C was slighter than that of group B. Conclusion Octreotide can stabilize myocardial cell membrane and reduce release of oxygen free radical and significantly relieve the injury of myocardial ultrastructure after hepatic ischemiareperfusion in rabbit. Octreotide preconditioning can relieve myocardial injury after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rabbit.

BACKGROUND: The number of living renal donation has increased in China and abroad, thus, it is important to guarantee the safety of donors. How to accurately diagnose potential renal disease and provide guidance plays an import role in protecting safety of living renal donors.OBJECTIVE: To establish an evaluation method for analyzing the correlation between histological abnormalities and clinical predonation parameters.METHODS: The related data on renal transplantation of Fuzhou general Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA were retrospectively reviewed. Paracentesis were performed when the vessels of kidney were mutilated and perfusions were finished. Time-zero renal biopsy was evaluated for following pathological changes: interstitial fibrosis, tubularatrophy, arteriolar hyalinosis, mesangial proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. Predonation data were demography, body weight, body mass index' systolic/diastolic blood pressure, serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate, and proteinuria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no signs of kidney disease in preoperative examination of all the 62 patients, time-zero renal biopsy found there were 28 donors with histological changes, interstitial fibrosis with age and serum creatinine, tubularatrophy with diastolic blood pressure and protein excretion rate, arteriolar hyalinosis with serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate, mesangial proliferation only with body mass index, and finally the presence of glomerulosclerosis did not correlate with any variable.

BACKGROUND: Recent data suggested that Notch signal pathway plays important regulatory effects in peripheral transplantation immunological response, promotes differentiation of regulatory T cells, induces antigen specific immune tolerance. We proposed that Notch/Notch ligand may play important roles in MHC/TCR interface.OBJECTIVE: To construct the eukaryotic expression vector of rat Deltai gene (Notch ligand), and to examine its expression in dendritic cells.METHODS: The complete encoding cDNA of rat-Delta1 was isolated from bone marrow cells by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and this gene was recombined into pcDNA3.1(+) plasmid vector.pcDNA3.1/Delta1 plasmid was transfected into rat dendritic cells with lipofectamine gene transfection method.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Double enzyme digestion detection demonstrated that Delta 1 had been successfully constructed in Hindilll and xbal of pcDNA3.1. A positive clone pcDNA3.1/Delta1 was delivered to Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology & Services Co., Ltd. for sequencing. Sequencing results were identical to Delta1 gene sequence in Genebank, with correct reading frame. The Delta 1 gene-transfected dendritic cells showed similar morphology as their parent cells. Western blotting assay detected that Delta 1 expression was significantly increased in cells. The eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1/Delta1 was constructed, and significant increase of Delta 1 expression was detected after transfection.

Objective To summarize the occurrence of malignant tumor following renal transplantation and investigate the measures of prevention and treatment.Methods The clinical data of 1 037 cases of renal transplantation in our centre between Dec. 1979 and May 2001 were retrospectively. Results Of the 1 037 cases of renal transplantation, 15 cases were diagnosed as having malignant tumor with the incidence being 1.4% . The most common types of tumor were liver cancer (6/15), followed by Kaposi's sarcoma (4/15), pulmonary cancer (2/15). The main treatments included surgical resection, reducing the dosage of immunosuppressants, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Conclusion There is higher incidence of malignance in the renal transplantation recipient than general crowd. The effect of treatment depended on early diagnosis of cancer and early surgical operation. At the same time, the dosage of immunosuppressants was reduced to maintain normal function of the graft.

Objective To probe into the clinical application value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging (DCE-MRI) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in identifying benign and malignant breast lesions.Methods 60 patients with clinically suspected breast lesions underwent MR examination.Morphologic features,early enhancement rate,time-signal intensity curve (TIC),apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value,as well as the differences between ADC values of the surrounding normal tissues and these of the lesions were compared and analyzed.Results The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of the early enhancement rate,TIC,ADC value,ADC difference value were 0.741,0.808,0.882 and 0.959,respectively;the best diagnostic thresholds for the early enhancement rate,ADC value,and ADC difference value were 163％,1.30× 10-3 mm2/s and 0.47× 10-3 mm-2/s,respectively.The sensitivity of morphologic features,early enhancement rate,type Ⅲ curve,type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ curve,ADC value and ADC difference value in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions was 53.1％,59.4％,43.8％,90.6％,93.8％ and 96.9％,respectively;the specificity was 85.7％,82.1％,89.3％,57.1％,75.0％ and 82.1％,respectively;the positive predictive values were 81.0％,79.2％,82.4％,70.7％,81.1％ and 86.1％,respectively;the negative predictive values were 61.5％,63.9％,58.1％,84.2％,91.3％ and 95.8％,respectively;and the accuracy was 68.3％,70.0％,65.0％,75.0％,85.0％,90.0％,respectively.Conclusion DCDMRI and DWI play important roles in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions,among which ADC difference value is associated with the highest diagnostic capability.Combination of multiple imaging diagnostic methods is necessary to improve the diagnostic accuracy of breast lesions.