Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance dynamic status of common pathogens isolated from neurocranial surgical inpatients to provide a basis for clinically rational use of antimicrobial drugs .Methods A total of 413 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated from neurocranial surgical inpatients from January 2013 to June 2016 were performed the identifica-tion and drug susceptibility test by using the Compact Vitek-2 automatic bacterial identificantion analyzer and the drug susceptibility test results were analyzed by using the WHONET5 .6 software .Results The commonest pathogenic bacteria were 90 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,69 strains of Klebsiella pneumonia ,52 strains of Escherichia coli ,50 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and 37 strains of Staphylococcus Aureus .The common bacteria were resistant to many antibiotic drugs .The detection rate of me-thicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus(MRSA) was 54 .1% ,no vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus was found .Conclu-sion Clinicians should concern about the common pathogens and their drug resistance in their department ,rationally select antibac-terial drugs ,increase the curative effect and reduce the occurrence of bacterial drug resistance .

Microorganisms isolated from the sea extreme condition have the potential to prqvide. diverse bioactive substances that are present to their metabolites. Organisms with pH optimal for growth in alkaline range and with temperature optimal for growth in lower temperature range are defines as alkalopsychrophilic microorganisms,which are one of rich resources of bioactive compounds for further stuties with both scientific interest and practical use.

Objective To evaluate the identification and counting effeciency of nucleated red blood cells by Sysmex XE-2100 Hematology Analyzer. Methods Accurancy: nucleated red blood cells were counted from 38 specimens by Sysmex XE-2100 Hematology Analyzer and compared with the number counted under microscopy. Precision: 3 specimens with different values were counted for the nucleated red blood cells 10 times by Sysmex XE-2100 Hematology Analyzer and compared with the number counted under microscopy. The CV(% ) value was estimated.Results There was insignificant difference between the results obtained from Sysmex XE-2100 Hematology Analyzer and those under microscopy. In the T-test, P >0.05, r=0.9893(P< 0.01).CV(% ) were 8.1% and 15.8% . It means that the Sysmex XE-2100 is more precise in analyzing the nucleated red blood cells than that under microscopy. Conclusion The nucleated red blood cells count by Sysmex XE-2100 is accurate and fast to obtain clinical data.

Objective To evaluate the influence of the storing time of venous blood samples on the differential count of WBC by Sysmex XE-2100 hematology analyzer. Methods At room temperature, the precision of the differential count of WBC by Sysmex XE-2100 hematology analyzer were tested. 38 samples were taken the differential count of WBC by Sysmex XE-2100 hematology analyzer after stored for 0, 2, 4, 8, 24 and 48 h. Differential count of WBC was also taken under microscope for comparison. Results The precision of differential count of WBC by Sysmex XE-2100for all the samples was in the allowable range. The correlation coefficient of the differential count of WBC by two methods for neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils were 0.9859, 0.9775, 0.8053, 0.8695and 0.5243 (P<0.01). There was insignificant difference in the test at 8h, very significant difference of MONO and EOS at 48 h. Differences of EOS, MONO between two methods were significant increased at 8 h. Conclusion At room temperature, the differential count of WBC of venous blood samples by Sysmex XE-2100 hematology analyzer should finish within 8 h.

Object To optimize the preparation procedure for WEI'AN GRANULES Methods The optimum conditions of WEI'AN GRANULES were selected with the active components: magnolol, polysacchride of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and berberine hydrochloride as mark by orthogonal test Results The optimum preparative procedure was as follow: Cortex Magnoliae officinalis and Fructus Aurantii Immaturus were extracted with water and precipitated with alcohol (adding 20 fold water as much as medicine, extracting three times, 0 5 h per time and precipitated with 95% alcohol to remove impurities); Rhizoma Coptidis was extracted with 95% alcohol by refluxing; Rhizoma Atracylodis Macrocephalae and other herbs were extracted with water (adding 24 fold water as much as medicine, extracting twice, 2 h per time, its granule size of Rhizorna Afracylodis Macrocephalae was 2 mm to 4 mm) Conclusion The optimum preparative procedure is reliable and the extracting ratio of active component is high

Objective To investigate the changes of B lymphocyte subsets ( naive B cells, memory B cells and plasmablasts) in peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) and their correla-tions with the clinical manifestation and laboratory indexes.Methods Sixty-six patients with RA were di-vided into two groups including the group with active RA and the group with inactive RA according to the dis-ease activity score in 28 Joints (DAS28).A control group with healthy subjects was set up accordingly.The distributions of B lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood samples were detected with flow cytometry analysis and their correlations with clinical manifestations and laboratory indicators were analyzed.Results ( 1 ) Compared with healthy subjevts, the mean fluorescence intensities ( MFIs) of CD19 and the percentages of memory B cells in peripheral blood of the patients with RA were significantly decreased, while the percenta-ges of naive B cells were increased (P<0.05).The percentages of plasmablasts in the patients with active RA were significantly increased as compared with those of healthy subjects and the patients with inactive RA (P<0.05).(2) The percentages of plasmablasts in peripheral blood of the patients with RA were positively correlated with the joint tenderness count, joint swelling count and joint swelling index (P<0.05).(3) A positive correlation was found between the MFIs of CD19 and the erythrocyte sedimentation rates ( ESRs ) among the patients with RA.The percentages of plasmablasts were positively correlated with C reaction pro-tein (CRP) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody (P<0.05).(4) The percentages of plasmablasts were also positively correlated with the DAS28 among the patients with RA ( R2=0.343, P<0.01).Conclusion The distributions of B lymphocyte subsets varied among the patients in different stages of RA, which were related to the patient′s clinical symptoms and laboratory indexes.The study suggested that different subsets of the B lymphocytes might play an important role in the pathological process of RA.

Objective To study the influence of qiqishen granules on the cellular and humoral immune functions in model mice. Methods Six-week-old mice were divided into control group and qiqishen granule (high, medium and low dose) groups. The suspension of chicken red blood cells was injected into the mouse abdominal cavity. The influence of qiq-ishen granules on the phagocytic function of the macrophages in mouse abdominal cavity was observed. The sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were prepared. The blood corpuscle coagulation was observed, and the serum hemolysin was detected. The ac-tivity of the mouse natural killer (NK) cells were detected by the interaction between the target cell (YAC-1) and spleen cell (the response cell). The influence of qiqishen granules on the cellular immunity was detected by the lymphocyte transforming assay. The influence of qiqishen granules on organ/body weight ratio was measured by calculating the thymus/body and spleen/body ratio. Results Compared with the control,qiqishen granules significantly improved phagocytic function of the macrophages in mouse abdominal cavity. The humoral immune function was also improved in mice. The activity of NK cell was enhanced by qiqishen granules, which also enhanced the lymphocyte transforming induced by the concanavalin (Con) A. There was no significant influence in the organ/body weight ratio. Conclusion The qiqishen granules could increase the im-munomodulating effect, indicating it would have a good using prospect.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ulinastatin on γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signal pathway in mice with ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI).Methods Thirty-six male Wister mice were randomly divided into 3 groups using a random number table:control group (group C), ventilator-induced lung injury group (group VILI),and ventilator-induced lung injury+ ulinastatin group (group UTI),n =12 in each group.VILI was induced by 4 h mechanical ventilation with tidal volume 40 ml/kg in groups VILI and UTI.Ulinastatin 1×10 5 U/kg was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before ventilation in group UTI,while the equal volume of normal saline was given in groups C and VILI.The mice were then sacrificed,the left lung was lavaged,and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF)was collected for determination of concentrations of protein,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).The lung tissues were re-moved for determination of the wet to dry lung weight (W/D)ratio,the mRNA expression level of IL-1β,TNF-αand ICAM-1.The pathological changes of the lungs were determined under light micro-scope and the lung injury scores were also determined.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detected the protein expression level of GAD and GABAA R.Results The W/D ratio (6.7 ± 2.4 vs.8.5±2.3)and lung scores [(6.9±2.3)scores vs.(1 1.8±2.7)scores]were significantly de-creased in group UTI than those in group VILI.The concentrations of IL-1β[(56±1 1)ng/L vs.(77 ±1 5)ng/L],TNF-α[(105±29)ng/L vs.(1 58±37)ng/L]and ICAM-1 [(205±46)ng/L vs.(293 ±61)ng/L]in BALF in group UTI were significantly decreased than those in group VILI.The mRNA ex-pression levels of IL-1β(1.81±0.26 vs.2.58±0.34),TNF-α(1.61±0.15 vs.2.94±0.27)and ICAM-1 (1.74±0.27 vs.2.79±0.31)were significantly decreased in group UTI than those in group VILI.The protein expression levels of GAD (0.44±0.08 vs.0.18 ±0.04)and GABAA R (0.30 ±0.09 vs.0.15 ± 0.04)were significantly increased in group UTI than those in group VILI.Conclusion Ulinastatin can at-tenuate VILI probably through activating GABA signaling pathway.

0.05).Genotype B with YMDD mutations in 10 samples were found,including 2 YIDD(M+I) mutations and 8 YVDD(M+V) mutations.Genotype C with YMDD mutations in 68 samples were found,including 44 mutations I(M+I) and 24 mutations V(M+V).There was significant difference in YMDD mutation types between genotypes B and C(?2=5.5,P

ObjectiveTo study the effects of placental transfusion of umbilical cord milking on very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods Fifty-seven VLBW infants born from September 2011 to May 2014 who had umbilical cord milking at birth were selected as experimental group. Sixty-one VLBW infants born from January 2008 to August 2011 who had normal cord clamping at birth were selected as control group. The complications of VLBW infants, blood transfusion, frequency of using pulmonary surfactant (PS), the duration of mechanical ventilation, the duration of oxygen and mortality were compared between two groups.Results The incidence of severe asphyxia, IVH and anemia was signiifcantly lower in experimental group than in control group (P< 0.05). The blood transfusion and transfusion volume, duration of mechanical ventilation, and duration of oxy-gen were signiifcantly lower in experimental group than in control group (P< 0.05).Conclusions Umbilical cord milking can reduce the incidence of severe asphyxia, IVH and anemia. It also can reduce the blood transfusion, the duration of mechanical ventilation, and the duration of oxygen in VLBW infants.