Objective To improve the clinical skill training courses in order to meet the new challenges and different requirements. Methods Totally 327 clinical physicians of different levels in 36 departments were enrolled and 286 physicians were randomly surveyed with the questionnaire , including subjects' general characteristics, participation rate, training courses and training model. Results Among the trainees, most of them were attending physician and resident physician, and their participation rate was 88.5%(77/87) and 90.0% (172/191) respectively. The most popular and well acknowledged training courses were emergency treatment course such as AHA basic/advanced life support course. Training model like ‘group class, one topic, one hour’ was well accepted by 84.1%(275/324) physicians and course time of 16:30-17:30 was preferred by 65.5% (214/327) physicians. Conclusions A series of most popular and significant training courses are developed. More important-ly, physicians' real need and new expectation to the training course are well recognized, which is im-portant to plan the further training program and courses.

OBJECTIVE:To establish UPLC fingerprint of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. METHODS:UPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Waters CORTECS UPLC C18column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm,and column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 1 μ L. Using glycyrrhizic acid as control,UPLC chromatograms of 27 batches of sample were determined. Similarity evaluation was conducted by using TCM Chromatogram Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System(2004 A edition)to determine common peak and conduct cluster analysis of 27 batches of samples. RESULTS:There were 20 common peaks in UPLC chromatograms of 27 batches of samples. The similarity degree of S2,S4,S19,S21,S22,S24 were less than 0.90, the others samples were more than 0.90.After validation,UPLC chromatograms of 21 batches of batches of samples were in good agreement with control fingerprint. 27 batches of samples were clustered into 3 categories,in which S24 was categoryⅠ;S2,S4, S12,S19,S21,S22 were categoryⅡ;other were categoryⅢ. CONCLUSIONS:Established fingerprint can provide reference for quality evaluation of G.uralensis.

With the development of science and technology,medical simulation has been applied extensively.The application of simulation technique in teaching hospitals has become a new choice in modern medical education.As the most basic and important clinical ability,airway management has become a popular training program in China's teaching hospitals.This paper summarizes the current situation of the simulation training of airway management in teaching hospitals at home and abroad,concludesthe existing problems in the simulation teaching of airway management of teaching hospitals in China,such as narrow range of training objects,lack of professional teaching staff,unscientific curriculum design and outdated training model,etc.Then puts forward the countermeasures of expanding the training coverage,establishing the professional teaching team,designing the curriculum design of science,and introducing advanced simulation equipment to improve the quality of simulated teaching.

Objective:To evaluate the role of virtual bronchoscopy intelligent system in improving the theory and operation level of bronchoscopy in pulmonary and critical care medicine (PCCM) teaching for standardized training specialists.Methods:A total of 50 PCCM physicians who had participated in virtual bronchoscopy training in Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University from 2018 to 2021 were selected as research subjects. In this study, self-controlled method was adopted to evaluate the change of assessment indicators after 1 week and 2 weeks of training. Questionnaire survey was also used to evaluate the training effect. SPSS 23.0 software was used for paired t-test and Chi-square test. Results:All the 50 PCCM physicians successfully completed the training of virtual bronchoscopy operation. The theoretical score was significantly improved after the training [(80.0±5.2) points vs. (92.4±3.8) points]. The basic operation time [(1 050.9±103.3) s vs. (386.4±47.7) s], and the number of hitting the bronchial wall [(88.3±12.7) times vs. (27.0±5.3) times] were significantly reduced. The recovery rate of alveolar lavage fluid [(27.6±7.4)% vs. (58.0±8.2)%] and the positive rate of biopsy [(19.2±13.1)% vs. (86.8±10.8)%] were significantly increased. The learning curve of the final score indicated that the score improved more rapidly in the first week of training, and the score improved more slowly in the second week of training. Questionnaires before and after the training indicated that virtual intelligent training could significantly improve the confidence and proficiency of students in bronchoscopy.Conclusion:Through the systematic training of virtual bronchoscopy intelligent system, the PCCM physicians have significantly improved their theoretical knowledge and operational proficiency. Therefore, the virtual bronchoscopy training system has practical significance for improving the overall training effect of clinical bronchoscopy for PCCM trainees, which is worthy of promotion.