Objective To investigate the pollution status of algae and microcystin(MC)in Dianshan Lake,Shanghai City and Poyang Lake,Jiangxi Province.Methods Water samples were collected from different sites of the above lakes,as the pretreatment of intracellular and extracellular microcystins was finished,MC-LR concentration was detected by ELISA.Results The proportion of Cyanobacteria in Dianshan Lake was 38.8% and 68.2% respectively,the mean content of MC was 281.78 and 1 145.77 pg/ml respectively.In Poyang Lake,the proportion of Cyanobacteria was 48.9% and 73.7% respectively,the mean content of MC was 80.53 and 405.65 pg/ml respectively.In the same water-blooming lake,MC content was significantly lower in July than that in October(P

A new multi-channel EEG signal acquisition system,which adopts Cypress's EZ-USB FX2 series USB as its micro-controller,is presented in this paper.The system employs AD620 and OP07 at the pre-amplifying stage and the following two amplifying stages respectively.Universal Series Bus(USB) technology is used to realize the real-time recording,displaying and tele-monitoring of EEG signal,which can also be stored in CF card after compression.The USB software developing tool is WinDriver.

Objective To overcome disadvantage of double stapler technique in anterior resection of rectum.Method Using single stapleris combined with suture by hand.Results There is no fistula and no death in 52 cases of patients with carcinoma of middle rectum with above methods,and there is 4 fistula and no death in 41 caces of patients with carcinoma of middle rectum using suture by stapler(P

Objective To study the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of the pulmonary embolism after abdominal surgery.Methods The clinical data of patients with acute pulmonary embolism(PE) after abdominal surgery between July 2008 and June 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.The high-risk patients received D-dimer,deep venous ultrasound and pulmonary CT examination to confirm the diagnosis postoperatively.Anticoagulation,thrombolysis,inferior vena cava filter placement were carried out in these patients.The high-risk patients received low molecular weight heparin(LMWH) to prevent PE from January 2010.Results 5 patients with PE survived and 3 patients died.The incidence of venous thromboembolism event was 0.43％ (13/3012) before January 2010 and PE was 0.20％ (6/3012).The incidence of venous thromboembolism event was 0.15％ (7/4803) after taking preventive measures and PE was 0.04％ (2/4803).There was no PE within 1 week since using LMWH after 2010.Lower limb DVT was found in 7 patients including 2 patients with PE after LMWH discontinuance within 2-3 weeks postoperatively.Conclusions Early prevention,diagnosis and treatment of postoperative PE are important for high-risk patients.

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of mental abacus calculation (MAC) training on children's form recognition.Methods 28 children ( 14 children with MAC training and 14 children with non-MAC traning)were investigated by using event-related potential(ERP) technology.The event-related potentials were recorded when subjects were in the different form shape recognition.Results ( 1 ) The amplitudes of the posterior P1 evoked by the children with MAC training ( (9.59 ± 3.58) μV) were significantly greater than that of the children without MAC training ( (7.06 ± 2.84) μV) ( P ＜ 0.05 ).(2) The amplitudes of right temporal-posterior N170 of children with MAC( ( -9.83 ±2.97) μV) were markedly less than that of children with non-MAC( ( - 12.45 ±2.51 ) μV) ( P ＜ 0.05 ).( 3 ) The amplitudes of prefrontal P3 of children with MAC ( (7.65 ± 2.25 ) μV) were remarkably greater than that of children with non-MAC ( (4.89 ± 3.35 ) μV) ( P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionThe brain function of form recognition in children is influenced by mental abacus calculation training.

Objective To observe the morphologic protection effect of intra-articular injection of osteoprotegerin (OPG)on articular cartilage in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis (OA).Methods Sixty male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups:OPG group (n=20),sham-operated group (n=20) and PBS group (n=20).In OPG group and PBS group,each rabbit underwent anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) in left knee joint,then 0.1 ml OPG solution or PBS were injected into the left knee for 8 weeks (5 times a week) in OPG group and PBS group,respectively.In sham-operated group,the anterior cruciate ligament was just exposed without transection,and then the incision was closed.All rabbits were sacrificed 12 weeks after operation,and the left knee joints were obtained.The Pelletier score and Mankin score were used to evaluate the macroscopic and microscopic cartilage morphology.Results The score of femoral condyle cartilage and tibial plateau cartilage was 1.80±0.89 and 1.80±0.77 in OPG group,respectively,and 3.10±0.97 and 3.20±0.77 in PBS group.However,there was no statistical difference in Pelletier score between the sham-operated group and the OPG group.Consistent with the macroscopic data,the OPG group has a significantly lower Mankin score involving cartilage structure (2.65±0.88),chondrocyte (1.35±0.71),Safranin O staining (1.83±0.83),tidemark integrity (0.30±0.47) and total score (6.13±1.97) compared with the PBS group (4.52±1.09,1.85±0.63,2.80±0.75,0.65±0.49,and 9.83±1.98,respectively).The OPG group has a significantly higher total Mankin score compared with the sham-operated group (4.80±1.25),however,there were no statistical differences in four subitem scores between the two groups.Moreover,the cartilage thickness in OPG group was 371.84±38.94 μm,255.09±74.82 μm in PBS group,and 404.68±15.97 μm in the sham-operated group,and the differences were statistically significant between three groups.Conclusion OPG has a protective effect on articular cartilage and can slow the progression of OA by reducing the grade of synovitis,decreasing the volume of osteophytes,and suppressing the loss of cartilage thickness.

Objective To explore the technical skills and short-term efficacy of Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) deployment for endovascular treatment of complex intracranial carotid aneurysm. Methods The medical charts of 6 cases who underwent PED implant procedure in our institute from Jan. to Jun. 2015 were reviewed, including 4 female and 2 male; the mean age was (56 ± 13) years, ranging from 34—70 years. All the 6 cases suffered from intracranial carotid aneurysm and PED implant procedures were performed to cover the aneurismal neck under general anesthesia, while dual antiplatelet treatment (Bayaspirin+Plavix) was administered. The basic characteristics and peri-procedural adverse events were recorded, interview and mRS score were done by telephone 1 month after procedure, clinical examination and DSA angiographic re-check were made 3 months following procedure, respectively. Status of aneurysm occlusion was evaluated by Raymond grading scale. Results All 6 aneurysms involved were unruptured. Technical success was achieved in all procedures for 6 cases, of which 3 cases were single PED implantation and the other 3 PED adjuncted to coiling. No procedure related complication was detected during 30 days after operation. Follow up with 1.5—4.8 months (median 2.8 months) were conducted and last follow up revealed good outcome (mRS<2) in all cases. The control angiography showed contrast filling aneurismal sac even after PED implantation, DSA recheck performed in 2 cases at 3 months after operation and revealed good obstruction of aneurysm (Raymond grade≤2). Conclusion Domestic preliminary study shows PED implantation seems to be a safe and effective modality for treatment of complex intracranial carotid aneurysms.

Objective To study the influence of sampling,handling,shipping and storage on low-molecular-weight serum proteome profiling.Methods Serum samples instantly separated and aliquoted,some stored at-80 ℃ for up to 6 months,others stored at 4 ℃ or room temperature(25 ℃) for 2 to 72 hrs.The variations of protein profiling under these conditions on WCX magnetic beads were studied.Profiling influenced by hemolysis,multi freeze-thaw cycles,storage conditions.Results Different handling procedures and storage conditions have different effects on serum profiling.Serum stored at-80 ℃ up to 6 months,stored at 4 ℃ or 25 ℃ for 2 h or one freeze-thaw cycle,had little effects on serum proteomic analysis.If serum diluted into 9 mol/L urea buffer at room temperature,the result is stable for 24 hours.Statistics analysis shows that 35.9% peaks have significant changes(P

Objective To study the effect of intra-articular injection of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on the balance of ADAMTS/TIMP-3 system in a rabbit osteoarthritis models.Methods Sixty rabbits were underwent bilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT).Rabbits were randomizedn to the following treatment:one knee of each rabbit was treated with 100 μmol/L DHEA dissolved in dimethylsulphoxide (the experimental group) and the other knee was treated under the same schedule using dimethylsulphoxide (the control group) 4 weeks after transection,once a week for eight weeks.Twelve weeks after ACLT,all rabbits were killed after X-ray assessment and the knee joints were evaluated by gross morphology and histology.The concentration of hydroxyproline and glycosaminoglycan in the cartilage were analyzed.The mRNA expression of ADAMTS-4,ADAMTS-5,tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP-3),transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1.Aggrecan and Collagen Ⅱ in the cartilage were analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The protein expression of aggrecan ARGxx and Collagen Ⅱ in the cartilage were analyzed by Western blot.Results By Mann-Whitney test,Gross morphologic scores on femoral condyle and tibial plateau in the control group were significantly higher than the experi-mental group (Z=-3.517,P＜0.01 ; Z=-2.518,P＜0.05).By unpaired Student's t test,histological evaluation showed that the grade of cartilage damage in the experimental group [(5.3±1.2) μg/ml] were less severe than that in the control group (10.1 ± 1.3,P＜0.01).The concentration of hydroxyproline [(5.7±0.3,23.6± 1.7) μg/ml] and glycosaminoglycan (30±4) in the experimental group increased significantly when compared with the control group [(4.6±0.5),(18.5±1.4),(24±4) μg/ml,P＜0.01].The mRNA expression of ADAMTS-4 (0.15±0.03)and ADAMTS-5 (0.10±0.04) in the experimental group decreased significantly compared with the control group (0.29±0.08,0.15±0.05; all P＜0.05).The mRNA expression of TIMP-3 (0.85±0.10),TGF-β1(1.2±0.4),Aggrecan (0.87±0.31) and Collagen Ⅱ (2.74±0.59) in the experimental group increased significantly when compared with the control group (0.70±0.13,0.8±0.4,0.49±0.16,2.2±0.5; all P＜0.05).The protein expression of Aggrecan ARGxx (0.53±0.10) in the experimental group decreased significantly when compared with the control group (0.81±0.12,P＜0.01).The protein expression of Collagen Ⅱ (2.3±0.7) in the experimental group increased significantly when compared with the control group (1.7±0.5,P＜0.05).Conclusion DHEA protects against cartilage degradation and inhibits the progression of OA,TGF-β1,Aggrecan and Collagen Ⅱ in cartilage may be the mechanism of the protective effect of DHEA on OA.

Objective To analyze the relevant factors influencing 18F-FDG uptake in the primary lesion of breast invasive ductal carcinoma (BIDC).Methods A total of 160 female patients underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT examination from 2010 to 2015 and breast lesions were revealed.Lesions were divided into benign group (n =118) and malignant group (n =49,BIDC) according to pathological results.KruskalWallis H test and Mann-Whitney u test were performed to compare SUVmax of the two groups,and to investigate the relationship between the SUVmax of breast malignant lesion and patients' age as well as clinical pathological parameters including T stage,lymphatic vessel invasion,nuclear grade,route of metastasis,ER,PR,HER2 and Ki-67 expression,and subtype of breast cancer.The diagnostic efficiency of 18F-FDG PET/ CT in differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions was analyzed using ROC curve analysis.Results The SUVmax of BIDC was 6.09(3.88,9.26),higher than that of breast benign lesion (1.35 (0.95,2.35);u=341.0,P＜0.05).The SUVmax of BIDC showed statistically significant difference between groups with different T stage,with or without lymphatic vessel invasion,with different nuclear grade,different routes of metastasis and different Ki-67 expression (u:117.5-209.5,H=7.70,P＜0.01 or 0.05).For all breast lesions,lesions with the maximum diameter ≤ 2.0 cm and lesions with the maximum diameter ＞2.0 cm,the optimum cutoff values of SUVmax were ＞2.60,＞ 1.71 and ＞3.97,respectively.When the optimum cutoff values of SUVmax for breast lesions with the maximum diameter ≤2.0 cm were selected as ＞ 1.71 and ＞2.60,the Youden indexes were 0.66 and 0.61(z=0.566,P＞0.05).When the optimum cutoff values of SUVmax for breast lesions with the maximum diamter ＞2.0 cm were selected as ＞3.97 and ＞2.60,the Youden indexes were 0.89 and 0.81(z=0.748,P＞0.05).Conclusions T stage,lymphatic vessel invasion,nuclear grade,route of metastasis and Ki-67 expression of BIDC influence the uptake of 18F-FDG by tumor tissues.The SUVmax of the primary lesion of BIDC is related to the size of lesion,and thus the diagnostic threshold of SUVmax should be decreased appropriately for small lesions.