Objective To establish a method for determination of lead in cosmetics. Methods Samples were digested. The lead content was detected by isochronous mercury-plating method with the condition of lead cation being enriched for 40 s at -1.20V(vs. SCE). Results The stripping potential peak of lead appeared at - 0. 20 V( vs. SCE) . The detection limit was 0.03 jug Pb. Six parallel determinations of a sample were done with the mean of 3.574mg/ kg and the relative standard deviation of 4. 1% . Recovery rates obtained by standard addition test ranged from 90% -100.5% . Conclusion The method is suitable for detecting lead in cosmetics.

Objective To establish a simple,rapid,accurate and practical method for determination of chloride in drinking water by chloride ion-selective electrode.Methods The chlorine ion-selective electrode was used as indicator electrode and type217saturated calomel electrode of the double salt bridge(the lower salt bridge was filled with a solution of0.1mol/L potassium nitrate)was used as reference electrode.The contents of chloride in water were calculated using the calibration curve method in the electrolyte containing0.1mol/L potassium nitrate.Results The linear range of the method was10 -5 -10 0 mol/L and the best lin ear range was10 -4 -10 -1 mol/L with r=0.9999and the slope=53.5?0.667.The detection limit,recovery rate and coefficient of variation(CV)were0.3545mg /L,94.2%-102.2%(mean98.1%)and2.8%respectively.The suitable pH for the determination of the method was2-10.In the solution containing3.545mg/L chloride,50times more BrO -3 ,NO -2 ,CH 3 COO - ,SO 42- ,F - ,CrO 42- and10times more CO 32- could not interfere with the detection,but Br - and I - were interfering factors.The re-sults obtained by the chlorine ion-selective electrode method and the national standard determination method showed no statistic differences.Conclusion The method was easy to operate,rapid,accurate and suitable for determination of chloride in water.

Myocardial protection has been the subject of intensive investigation. Several studies have suggested that Ginsenosides may protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury. The isolated, working rat heart model was used in this study to evaluate the effects of St. Thomas' Hospital Cardioplegic Solution containing various concentrations of Ginsenosides on the enhancement of myocardial protection following hypothermic ischemic arrest (20 ℃, 120 min). The added concentration of Ginsenosides in cardioplegic solution was 0(control), 50, 100 150?g/ml, respectively. Recoveries of aortic flow, cardiac output, and minute work were markedly improved by adding Ginsenosides to cardioplegia. Dose-response study indicated that 100?g/ml in cardioplegia had the best protective effects, in which group the generation of thiobarbituric acid reactive materials (MDA) was markedly reduced. Our results indicated that Ginsenosides provides additional myocardial protection in St. Thomas' Hospital Cardioplegia. Addition of Ginsenosides to cardioplegia may protect the ischsmic myocardium from free-radical injury also.

Objective:To observe the effect of liquiritin on body weight and behavior in depression model rats.Methods:Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly assigned into normal control group,model group(stress+vehicle),fluoxetine group(stress+ fluoxetine)and three liquiritin groups(stress+liquiritin at different dose).The behavior of rats was detected by sucrose consumption test and forced swimming test.Results:The model rats showed significantly lower body weight(429?45/494?37,P

Objective To investigate the optimal dose of apocynin to protect severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and SAP caused intestinal injury in rats. Methods A total of 53 SPF male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups:sham operation group (SO group, n=10), SAP group (n=12), low-dose apocynin group (25 mg/kg,n=11), medium-dose apocynin group (50 mg/kg, n=10) and high-dose apocynin group (100 mg/kg,n=10). SAP model was prepared by retrograde infusing 5%sodium taurocholate (1 mL/kg) into biliopancreatic duct of rat. At thirty minutes before modeling, apocynin was injected into rat to intervention. The survival condition was recorded at 12 h after modeling, and blood samples were obtained for detecting serum amylase (AMY), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatinine (Cr). Pancreatic and ileal tissue samples were obtained for HE staining and pathological examination. Results Two rats died in SAP group and one died in low-dose apocynin group. The quantity of ascites, the levels of AMY, ALT, Cr and pancreatic and intestinal pathologic scores were significantly increased in SAP group than those in SO group (P<0.05). Except the levels of Cr and intestinal pathologic score, there was no significant difference between low-dose apocynin group and SAP group. The quantity of ascites ascites, levels of AMY, Cr and pancreatic and intestinal pathologic scores were significantly lower in medium-dose and high-dose apocynin groups than those in SAP group (P<0.05). The levels of ALT and Cr were significantly higher in high-dose apocynin group than those of medium-dose apocynin group (P<0.05). Conclusion Apocynin improves SAP symptoms and reduces SAP caused intestinal injury in rats, which may be related to the inhibition of NOX activity, and 50 mg/kg of apocynin is the optimal dose.

Objective To evaluate HSP90 levels in the diagnosis and staging of gastrointestinal tumors.Method Patients with gastrointestinal tumors hospitalized from 2014 January to 2015 April were enrolled in this study.Serum level of HSP90 was detected.Results The serum HSP90 level of cancer group(112 ± 74)was significantly higher than the control groups,the area under the ROC curve of HSP90's was 0.875 and the cut-off point was 63.63 with sensitivity of 76.1％ and specificity of 92.6％.The HSP90 level in gastric cancer group(135 ±73)ng/ml was the highest,in colon cancer group was (105 ± 60) ng/ml and in rectum cancer group was(79 ± 42)ng/ml (all P ＜ 0.05).Serum HSP90 levels in moderate and low differentiated adenocarcinoma were higher than well differentiated adenocarcinoma group (P ＜ 0.05).Serum HSP90 level was higher in tumors with submucosa and serosa infiltration (P ＜ 0.05).Those with lymphatic metastasis tend to have a higher serum HSP90 level than those without.Conclusion Serum HSP90 level has a good predictive value on gastrointestinal tumor diagnosis,and it is correlated with tumor staging and infiltration status.

Objective To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of intraperitoneal administration of thymosin β4 on severe acute pancreatitis in rats.Methods Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly (random number) divided into sham operation (SO) group,severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) group and thymosin β4 (Tβ4) pretreatment group (n =18 in each group).SAP rat model was prepared by retrograde injection of 5％ sodium taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct.Rats in Tβ4 group were treated with thymosin β4 (6 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal administration prior to SAP modeling.Six rats in each group were sacrificed at 3,6,12 hours,respectively after modeling.The serum levels of amylase,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β),and interleukin-6 (IL-6)were detected,and pathological scores of the tissue of pancreas head were evaluated under light microscope.Pancreatic nuclear factor-kappa 1B (NF-κB) p65 and IκB α levels were detected by the Western blot.All data were analyzed by using the analysis of variauce or t test.Results The levels of serum amylase of SAP 3,6 and 12 hours groups were (3221 ±394) U/L,(4509 ±474) U/L and (6280 ±728) U/L,which were significantly higher than (2598±416) U/L,(3639 ±373) U/L and (4782 ±466) U/L of the Tβ4 groups (t =-2.666,-3.530,-4.245,P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum TNF-α of the SAP 3,6 and 12 hours groups were (247.7 ± 18.5) pg/mL,(313.5 ± 17.7) pg/mL and (359.3 ±22.6) pg/mL,which were higher than (182.3 ± 13.6) pg/mL,(258.9 ± 14.9) pg/mL and (278.1 ± 16.3) pg/mL of the Tβ4 groups (t =-6.964,-5.769,-7.152,P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum IL-1 β of the SAP 3,6 and 12 hours groups were (258.2±10.5) pg/mL,(345.1 ±22.0) pg/mL and (430.9 ±25.4) pg/mL,which were higher than (170.3 ± 12.4) pg/mL,(263.5 ± 13.3) pg/mL and (303.7 ± 16.1) pg/mL of the Tβ4 groups (t =-13.258,-7.762,-10.355,P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum IL-6 of SAP 3,6 and 12 hours groups were (266.3 ±11.5) pg/mL,(355.0 ±24.4) pg/mL and (429.2 ±33.7) pg/ mL,which were higher than (171.1 ± 13.0) pg/mL,(234.9 ± 19.2) pg/mL and (277.2 ± 19.2) pg/ mL of the Tβ4 groups (t =-13.401,-9.474,-9.582,P ＜ 0.05).The pancreatic pathological scores of the SAP3,6 and 12 hours groups were (6.25 ±0.94),(8.83 ±0.82) and (12.08 ±1.16),which were higher than (4.17 ± 0.93),(6.33 ± 0.82) and (7.33 ± 1.25) of the Tβ4 groups (t =-3.867,-5.303,-6.823,P ＜ 0.05).The relative expression of pancreatic NF-κB p65 in SO group was (0.95 ±0.11),which was significantly lower than (2.40 ±0.17) of the SAP 12 hours group (t =-17.368,P＜ 0.05).The relative expression of pancreatic NF-κB p65 in Tβ4 group was 1.50 ± 0.10,which was significantly lower than SAP 12 hours group (t =10.917,P ＜0.05).The relative expression of pancreatic IκB α in SO group was (1.93 ±0.11),which was significantly higher than (0.78 ±0.18) of the SAP 12 hours group (t =13.260,P ＜ 0.05).The relative expression of pancreatic IκB α in Tβ4 group was (1.12±0.10),which was significantly higher than SAP 12 hours group (t =-4.112,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Thymosin β4 has the protective effect on SAP rat model,and the mechanism may be associated with inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway and decreased proinflammatory cytokines.

objective To detect CK19 mRNA and CEA mRNA in blood of the peripheral vein and to investigate the effect of ligating pulmonary vein firstly or ligating pulmonary artery firstly during surgical operation on haematogenous dissemination of malignant cells.Methods Fifty six non-small cell lung cancer patients were collected and random assigned to two groups before operation (ligating pulmonary vein firstly or ligating pulmonary artery firstly).The patients were accepted radical operation and their operations were put in practice by doctors of one team.Vein blood was collected one day before operation and one week after operation.CK19 mRNA and CEA mRNA in blood were detected by nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Result The positive rate of expression of CK19 mRNA and CEA mRNA after operation is lower than that before operation.The positive rate of expression of CK19 mRNA and CEA mRNA in ligating pulmonary vein firstly after operation is lower than that in the other group. Conclusions Surgical operation have effects on the dissemination of malignant cell and ligating palmonary vein firstly during operation can reduce the dissemination of malignant cell.

OBJECTIVE: To observe and discuss the dynamic changes of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and their significance in the patients with primary liver cancer after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) therapy combined with Jinglong Capsule. METHODS: A total of 48 patients with primary liver cancer, who failed to be treated by major surgery, were randomly divided into two groups: Jinlong Capsule group (TACE therapy plus Jinlong Capsule) and control group (TACE therapy alone). There were 24 cases in each group. The levels of peripheral blood IL-2 and slL-2R were measured before the first TACE and 1, 7 and 15 days after the second TACE respectively by using double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data from Jinlong Capsule group were compared with those from the control group. RESULTS: The level of sIL-2R in Jinlong Capsule group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), while the level of IL-2 was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Jinlong Capsule can significantly improve the lymphocyte function of the patients with primary liver cancer after TACE. The levels of IL-2 and sIL-2R can be considered as the valuable parameters for evaluating the effects on primary liver cancer, and Jinlong Capsule is helpful for the patients with primary liver cancer.

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is very high,and the prognosis is often unsatisfactory.Currently,some therapy such as radiotherapy or radiation combined with interventional therapy are effective and worth attention.Radiation therapy was divided into external beam radiation therapy and internal beam radiation therapy according to different administration pathway.This article summarized the current situation and prospect of radiotherapy.