Objective To observe the preventive effects of 2.5% sodium bicarbonate solution on the patients who had upper respiratory tract infection caused by fungal with hormone treatment.Methods 36 patients of systemic lupus erythematosus,polymyositis/dermatomyositis were randomly divided into two groups:observer group with glucocorticoid treatment and using 2.5% sodium bicarbonate solution to clean the mouth,and control group only with glucocorticoid treatment.After 7 days,we observed the rate of fungal infection of the two groups.Results There was significant diffience on the rate of fungal infection between observer group and control group(P0.05).Conclusion Using 2.5% sodium bicarbonate solution to clean the mouth can effectively prevent the patients who has upper respiratory tract infection caused by fungal with hormone treatment and decrease the rate of fungal infection.

Objective To compare the effect of 3 models of rehabilitation service on stroke patients following hemiplegia in community.Methods 87 stroke patients were randomly divided into rehabilitation training group (n=29), intensive training group (n=30) and followed-up group (n=28). Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) was used to evaluate the limbs motor function and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) was used to evaluate the activities of daily living before, 3 months and 6 months after intervention. Results There was no significantly difference in scores of FMA and MBI among the groups. Both the rehabilitation training group and the intensive training group improved in scores of FMA and MBI 3 months after intervention (P<0.01). The intensive training group and the rehabilitation training group improved further 6 months after intervention, while follow-up group had no improvement. Conclusion Stroke patients following hemiplegia can improvemotor function and activities of daily living through systematic, standard, and ongoing rehabilitation training from professionals in community.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Livin protein and VEGF protein in bladder urothelial carcinoma(BUC) ,and theirs relationships with the clinicopathologic parameters of bladder urothelial carcinoma. Methods The expression of Livin and VEGF protein in 69 samples of BUC tissue and 10 samples of normal bladder epithelium tissue were detected by immunohistochemical SP method. Their relationships with clinicopathologic data were statistically analyzed. Results The positive expression rate of Livin and VEGF in BUC tissues were 65.2% (45/69) and 46.4% ( 32/69), but negative in normal bladder epithelium tissues, which showed significant differences in the comparison (Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). We found significant difference in the comparison of Livin positive rate between groups with or without recurrence ( 78. 8 % vs 48. 1%, χ2 = 6. 13, P ＜ 0. 05 ); but no differences in pathological grade,TNM stage and tumor number( Gl 55.6% ,G2 64. 3% ,G3 73.9% ;Ta ～ T1 61.9% ,T2 ～ T4 70. 4%; Single-tumor 59. 6%, multi-tumor 77.3%; χ2 = 1.52,0. 52,2.07, Ps ＞ 0. 05 ). For BUC,the expression of VEGF was correlated with the pathological grade,TNM stage( Gl 16. 7% ,G2 53.6% ,G3 60. 9%, χ2 = 8. 91; Ta ～ T1 33.3%, T2 ～ T4 66. 7%; χ2 = 7. 34; Ps ＜ 0. 05 ), but not the tumor number and recurrence( Single-tumor 57.4% , multi-tumor 59. 1%, χ2 = 0. 01; with recurrence 51.5% , without recurrence 40. 7% ,χ2= 0. 69; Ps ＞ 0. 05 ). We found no relationship between the expression of Livin and VEGF (r =0. 056,P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The overexpressions of Livin and VEGF protein may play an important role in the occurrence and development of BUC. Combind detection of these two protein can be used in the diagnosis and prognosis of BUC.

Objective To discuss the prognosis of the metastatic prostatic carcinoma and analyze the relative factors. Methods From 2001 to 2002, 32 cases of matastatic prostatic carcinoma were admitted to our hospital, the ages ranging from 54 to 87, with the mean age of 71 years. All the diagnosis was proved by the six cores transrectal biopsy of the prostate. The serum PSA ranged from 63 to 2000 ng/ml. Two cases had the Gleason score of 2 - 6, 19 cases had the Gleason score of 7 and 11 cases had the Gleason score of 8 - 10. Preoperative routine examinations included serum testosterone, pelvic CT or MRI scan, CXR and bone scan. Twenty-seven cases were found to have osseous metastasis, among them 8 cases combined with lymph nodes metastasis, and 5 cases with lymph nodes metastasis only. All of them were treated with gonadectomy and the blockade of the androgen receptor (with Bicalutamide 50 mg/d or Flutamide 250 mg/d). It lasted 7 - 48 months with first endocrine therapy,and mid last time 23 months. After first line endocrine therapy failure, Diethylstilbestrol and Estramustine were used in the androgen-independent stage. Thirteen cases were not effective, and second therapy had effect to 19 cases and it lasted for 3 - 15 months. Results The follow-up periods ranged from 13 to 98 months, with the mean period of 33 months. Twenty-eight cases died, 4 cases survived. The median survial period was 37 months, 1-year survival rate was 100% (32/32), 3-year survival rate was 53%(17/32) , 5-year survival rate was 19%(6/23). As to the survival period, there were negative correlaions between survival and the level of PSA (r= -0. 262, P=0. 045) and the Gl-eason score (r=- 0. 624, P=0. 001). There were positive correlations between survival and the level of testosterone (r=0. 514, P=0. 008) and the age (r=0. 311, P = 0. 032). And there was no correlation between survival and the number of the positive cores of the biopsy (r=0. 211, F = 0. 158) and the clinical stage (r=0. 211, P = 0. 352). Conclusions As to the metastatic prostatic carcinoma, there are correlations between the survival and the levels of testosterone before treatment, age, the Gl-eason score and the level of PSA. There is no relationship between the survival period of the metastatic prostatic carcinoma and the number of the positive cores of the biopsy and the clinical stage.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of the resection of prostate-tangerine techniquewith 980 nm diode laser benign prostatic chyperplasia(BPH).Methods Data of 60 patients with highvloum BPH treated with the resection of prostate-tangerine technique with 980 nm diode laser were reviewed.The age of the patients were 65-89 years old,and mean prostate volume was 74.5± 13 ml.The mean operative time,blood loss were oberseved and recored,the international prostate symptom score(IPSS),quality of life score (QOL),maximum urinary flow rate(Qmax) and residual urine volume (PVR) were collected and analyzed.Results The 60 cases were safe during the perioperative period.The average operation time was (70.2± 16.9) min,and there was no obvious bleeding during the operation and no blood transfusion cases.The time of remove the transurethral catheter was 2-5 d,and the mean time was (2.4±0.3) d.Follow up 1-3 months after operation,a significant reduction in IPPS was reported (P =0.000),significant durable improvements in Qmax,PVR before operation(P=0.000).Conclusion Transurethral vaporization of 980 nm diode laser could be a safe and effective treatment modality for BPH.

OBJECTIVETo assess the quantitative risk of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) dietary exposure from edible fats and oils in China.

METHODSOne hundred samples of edible fats and oils were collected from the supermarkets and the farmers markets in 11 provinces of China from December in 2013 to May in 2014. Then they were tested for EU15+1 PAHs (16 PAHs were controlled in priority by European Food Safety Authority) by two test methods which were QuECHERS-GC-MS-MS and GPC-HPLC-FLD. Data of PAHs concentration and edible fats and oils consumption which were from Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 were combined to evaluate carcinogenic risk of PAHs in edible fats and oils by the method of margin of exposure (MOE). In this process, we divided the population into 6 groups, namely male adults (older than 18 years old), female adults (older than 18), male youths (13-17), female youths (13-17), school-agers (6-12) and preschoolers (2-5), and thought carcinogenicity as the critical toxicity end point of PAHs. Two quantitative risk assessment methods, i.e. point assessment and probability assessment, were used to evaluate the dietary exposure and MOEs.

RESULTSEU15+1 PAHs in one of 100 samples were not detected, other samples were polluted in different degrees; the detection rates were 3%-98% and the average contents were 0.26-3.26 μg/kg. The results of PAHs dietary exposure from both of point assessment and probability assessment were the same. The average exposures of PAH8 were as the following: male adults were 10.03 and (9.34 ± 12.61) ng·kg(-1)·d(-1)(The former was from point assessment and the latter from probability assessment, the same below), female adults were 9.95 and (9.60 ± 15.04) ng · kg(-1)·d (-1), male youths were 11.09 and (10.84 ± 16.54) ng·kg(-1)·d(-1), female youths were 10.06 and (9.58 ± 12.87) ng·kg(-1)·d(-1),school-agers were 15.29 and (15.62 ± 25.54) ng·kg(-1)·d(-1), preschoolers were 19.27 and (19.22 ± 28.91) ng·kg(-1)·d(-1). MOEs of mean and 50% exposure levels in different group of people were more than 10,000, while MOEs of 95% exposure levels in school-agers and preschoolers were less than 10,000.

CONCLUSIONFor general consumers, the health risk of PAHs exposure is very low. However, for high-end consumers (95% exposure level) from the sensitive groups (school-ager and preschooler) has a potential health risk.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Diet ; Environmental Exposure ; Fats ; chemistry ; Female ; Food Safety ; Humans ; Male ; Plant Oils ; chemistry ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; analysis ; Risk Assessment ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Young Adult

he improvement of operation skill and stent system, a better outcome in the future could be achieved.

The paper described the professional approach of Shanghai Hospital Development Center(SHDC)in developing a professional team of public hospital directors by such means as operation and management-autonomy,fixed tenures system,performance appraisal,part-time job control and income distribution. Recommendations raised include an organic unity of management functions of investors and power of management of the directors to motivate them in their management;building a comprehensive investor management system and strict cadre management mechanism to enhance supervision of the directors.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of sevoflurane in preventing depression-like behavior in mice and the relationship with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) signaling pathway.Methods Forty-four clean-grade male C57BL/6 mice,weighing 18-22 g,aged 8-10 weeks,were divided into 2 groups (n =22 each) using a random number table method:control group (group C) and sevoflurane group (group S).Mice in group C inhaled oxygen for 30 min,and mice in group S inhaled 2.5％ sevoflurane for 30 min.The forced swimming test and novelty-suppressed feeding test were performed after the mice were fully awake.The brains were immediately removed under anesthesia at the end of inhalation of oxygen or sevoflurane,and the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were isolated for detection of the expression of BDNF,TrkB and phosphorylated TrkB (p-TrkB) by Western blot.Results Compared to group C,the immobility time and feeding latency were significantly shortened,the expression of p-TrkB in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus was up-regulated (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the feeding consumption or expression of BDNF and TrkB in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in group S (P＞0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane produces a preventive effect on depression-like behavior in mice,and the mechanism is related to increased phosphorylation of TrkB in BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effect of intracoronary administration of nicorandil prior to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) on myocardial perfusion and short-term clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: A total of 158 patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI from January 2014 to December 2015 in Fuzhou General Hospital were enrolled consecutively in this prospective controlled randomized trial. Patients were assigned into three groups with random number table: the nicorandil group (patients received intracoronary administration of 6 mg nicorandil after guide wire or balloon successfully crossed the target lesion, n=53), the nitroglycerin group (patients received intracoronary administration of 300 μg nitroglycerin after after guide wire or balloon successfully crossed the target lesion, n=52) and the control group(patients received routine treatment, n=53). The primary outcomes were myocardial perfusion, including the levels of corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC), and the incidence of no reflow or slow flow after PPCI. The secondary outcomes included the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during hospitalization (all-cause death, reperfusion arrhythmia within 2 hours after PPCI, angina within 24 hours after PPCI, new heart failure or worsening cardiac function, and repeat revascularization) and within 3 months of follow-up (all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, post-infarction angina, and re-hospitalization for congestive heart failure). Results: The age of enrolled patients was (62.9±11.3) years old, and 130 cases (82.3%) of them were male. The median time of symptom-onset to balloon was 4.50 (3.20, 6.43) hours. There were significantly difference in cTFC immediately after PPCI((21.68±7.43)frames, (24.74±8.66)frames, and(27.06±10.40)frames), incidence of no reflow or slow flow after PPCI(5.7%(3/53), 13.5%(7/52), and 22.6%(12/53)), ST-segment resolution at 2 hours after procedure(90.6%(48/53), 84.6%(44/52), and 74.5%(38/53)), and reperfusion arrhythmia at 2 hours after procedure(15.1%(8/53), 36.6%(19/52), and 34.0%(18/53)) among the 3 groups(P<0.01 or 0.05). In the multivariate logistic regression models, intracoronary administration of nicorandil could lower the cTFC level (OR=0.17, 95%CI 0.10-0.41, P=0.001), acted as a protecting factor on lowering the incidence of no reflow or slow flow (OR=0.13, 95%CI 0.02-0.96, P=0.045) and reperfusion arrhythmia (OR=0.26, 95%CI 0.09-0.74, P=0.012), as well as facilitating the ST-segment resolution at 2 hours after procedure (OR=4.62, 95%CI 1.14-18.82, P=0.033). However, observed parameters were similar between intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin group compared with control group (all P>0.05). MACE within 3 months of follow-up were similar among the 3 groups(all P>0.05). Conclusion Intracoronary administration of nicorandil prior to balloon dilation can significantly improve the myocardial perfusion and reduce the occurrence of reperfusion arrhythmia during PPCI for STEMI, but does not affect the short-term prognosis in STEMI patients.