Objective To investigate the relationships between serum osteocalcin levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG),fasting serum insulin(FINS),insulin resistance,β-cell function as well as lipid metabolism in male traumatic patients.Methods A prospective cohort study was carried out in the Emergency Room of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital from April to October of 2015.The male adult traumatic patients without traumatic brain injury,shock and the medical history such as the fractures,diabetes were enrolled as trauma group,and then patients' age,body mass index(BMI),injury severity score(ISS), admission time after trauma and fluid resuscitation volume before testing(FRVT) were recorded.A total of 80 heathly male adult subjects were enrolled from the physical examination center as control group with matched age and BMI.Comparison of biochemical characteristics were carried out between two groups, and relationships between serum osteocalcin levels and glycolipid metabolism in trauma group were analyzed.Insulin resistance and β-cell function were calculated by Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and Homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function(HOMA-β).Results A total of 102 male adult traumatic patients mostly subjected to traffic accident (56.9%) with FRVT (208.78±98.68)mL and ISS(9.30±3.67)were enrolled in trauma group.Serum OC levels,HOMA-β,total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein(HDL-c)and low density lipoprotein(LDL-c) were lower,but FPG,FINS,C-peptide(C-P),HOMA-IR were higher compared with control group(P<0.05).Serum OC levels wer were negatively correlated with FPG and TC(P<0.05),and positively correlated with FINS,HOMA-IR,and HOMA-β(P<0.05),but there were no correlation of OC with FRVT and ISS.By multiple linear regression analysis after adjusting for age,BMI,FRVT and ISS,serum osteocalcin levels were significantly related to TC in traumatic patients (β=-0.812,P=0.024).Conclusion The glycolipid metabolism may be impacted by the serum level of osteocalcin after trauma.

ObjectiveTo observe the pathogenic relationship and the mechanisms between the first molars and the temporomandibular disorders(TMD) by getting epidemiology data.MethodsThe oral examinational people during 2007 to 2011 as investigating objects were selected and epidemiological study was carried out with standard clinical diagnostic criteria for dental caries TMD.ResultsThe people with dysfunctional first molars showed that TMD positive rate was 51.48％,and normal molars was 23.47％.The results had significant difference( x2 =54.34,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionThe people with dvsfunction of first molars mav be liable to TMD.

Objective To obtain highly purified astrocytes and identify the cells in each stage to support further studies.Methods The cerebral cortex of a neonatal SD rat was isolated and prepared into single cell suspension.The obtained cells were purified by differential adherence and shook at a constant temperature.By inverted phase contrast microscopy and HE staining,cell morphology was observed.The immunofluorescence staining with anti-mouse GFAP was used to identify the cells.Results The primary cortical cells developed rapidly at 3 d after culture and covered the flasks at 9-12 d.At this time,the cells showed stratification and the astrocytes lay at the lower layer.GFAP positive rate was only about (67.2 ±7.1)%.After the first passage,GFAP positive rate increased obviously (84.0±6.0)%. However, oligodendrocytes and microglias could not be removed completely,and the cells also showed stratification.Through 3 times of passages,we obtained many single species of astrocytes showing satellite shape with 2 or 3 processes,big cell body and round or oval-shaped nuclei leaned to one side.Immunofluorescence staining showed that nearly all of the cells were strong positive and the positive rate reached as high as (97.6 ± 2.4 )%.Conclusion Through differential adherence and shaking at a constant temperature,more astrocytes of high purity and in good state can be obtained.

Tamarindus indica Linn. tamarinds,belonging to the family Caesalpiniaceae,is a kind of large subtropical ever?green tree. Every part of tamarind has rich nutritional value and broad usage in traditional medicine since ancient times. Recent studies suggest extraction of leaves,flesh,seeds,and velamina of T. indica Linn. have numerous biological activities such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory,detoxification,analgesic,antidiabetic and anti-hyperlipidemiactions. A great interest has been seen in various sec?ondary metabolites isolated and identified from chemical components of T. indica Linn. In this review article,we summarize recent achievement in chemical components and biological activities of T. indica Linn.,aiming to provide a useful reference for further study and exploitation of T. indica Linn..

Objective To investigate the expression of neuroprotective peptide [Gly14]-Humanin (HNG) in eukaryotic cells by gene engineering technique and analyze its biological activity. Methods By means of asymmetrical primer/template, double stranded cDNA of HNG with FLAG in its C-terminal was obtained, which was cloned into the plasmid pcDNA3.1(-), and the resultant recombinant vector pcDNA3.1(-)/HNG-FLAG was transfected into PC12 cells. At the same time, the recombinant vector pcDNA3.1(-)/EGFP was transfected to control the efficiency of transfection. The expression of HNG in the cells was determined by immunocytochemistry. In order to analyze the biological activity of the expressed HNG, 25μM Aβ25-35 peptide was added to the culture medium of the transfected cells for 24h, then cell morphology, MTT assay and Hoechst 33258 staining were observed. Results The eukaryotic expression vector of pcDNA3.1(-)/HNG-FLAG was identified by enzyme digestion and sequencing. HNG was highly expressed in PC12 cells. After exposure of PC12 cells to 25μM Aβ25-35 for 24h, cell viability decreased to (65.8±5.3)%, and the dystrophic changes of neuritis and nuclei condensation were obvious. When cells were pre-transfected with pcDNA3.1(-)/HNG-FLAG, Aβ25-35-induced cell death and morphological changes of cells and nuclei were suppressed. In contrast, pre-transfected with empty vector did not protect cells from Aβ25-35-induced toxicity. Conclusion The eukaryotic expression vector for FLAG-tagged HNG was successfully constructed and expressed in PC12 cells. Expressed HNG has biological activity.

Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in a cohort of Chinese patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI),and in addition,to evaluate the effect of injury types and concomitant injuries of other parts of body.Method Records of 143 casualties admitted to our institute for TSCI were analyzed retrospectively.Both lower extremities of all casualties were examined routinely with color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) before major surgical treatment.None of these casualties received any thromboprophylaxis before CDUS.Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors of DVT.Results Of the 143 patients,32.2％ (n =46) suffered from DVT (proximal n =15,distal n =31).All casualties were diagnosed within one week after injury (mean 3.35 ± 1.65 days).Risk factors associated with DVT induced complete motor paralysis (odds ratio [OR] 5.05,95％ CI 1.70-14.90),concomitant fracture of lower extremities (OR 4.30,95％ CI 1.34-17.64),and lumbar vertebra injury (OR 4.29.95％ CI 1.50-10.83).Conclusions Clinically detectable DVT in TSCI are not uncommon in the Chinese population.Casualties with multiple risk factors may be benefited from early administration of thromboprophylaxis.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of free anterolateral femoral skin flap on the repair of skin and subcutaneous soft tissue defects caused by excision of oversized malignant tumour in the skin. Methods A retrospective review was performed of free anterolateral femoral skin flap reconstructions for oversized malignant tumor cut on body surface since April 2007 to November 2010. There were 6 patients with head and limb squamous cell carcinoma because of bum scar and 3 patients with recurrence of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in wall of belly. The area of soft tissue defects ranged from 19 cm × 15 cm to 24 cm × 21 cm, and skin flaps was 20 cm × 16 cm to 25 cm × 22 cm in size. Three cases received radio therapy after operation. Results Nine flaps survived perfectly, one flap survived with partial necrosis and healed after changing dressings. No complications were observed in the donor site, including wound dehiscence, hernia and weakness. Follow-up survey of 12-24 months after the operation showed that the appearance and function in the repaired sites were normal, and norecurrence of the tumors. Conclusion Free transplantation of anterolateral femoral skin flap is relatively an ideal operative type for the repair of soft tissue defects caused by excision of oversized malignant tumour in the skin.

Objective:To explore the value of stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) in predicting the prognosis of patients with acute heart failure (AHF).Methods:AHF patients admitted to the Emergency Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital from December 2016 to January 2019 were retrospectively included. Clinical data were recorded and SHR was calculated. According to the survival of the patients within 1 year, they were divided into the death group ( n=89) and the survival group ( n=218). Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of mortality. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between SHR and the prognosis of AHF patients. Results:A total of 307 patients aged 83 ( range 74-87) years old who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study, including 153 males and 104 females. The age, SHR and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in the death group were higher than those in the survival group [84 (78, 88) vs 82 (72, 86), 1.11 (0.91, 1.51) vs 1.02 (0.86, 1.27), 5 351 (2 098, 14 039)μg/L vs 4 243 (2 294, 7 565)μg/L ]. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the death group was significantly lower than that of the survival group [53 (45, 57) % vs 58 (44, 64) %, P< 0.05]. Logistic regression analysis showed that SHR was an independent risk factor for death in AHF patients ( OR=2.397, 95% CI: 1.285-4.471, P< 0.05). Median SHR was used to draw the survival curve. Patients with high SHR had a lower cumulative survival rate, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:SHR can identify critically ill patients and is an independent risk factor for death in AHF patients.

Objective:To study the effect of microsurgery for parasellar menningiomas and to analyze the impact factors of recurrence. Methods:Clinical and follow-up data in a consecutive series of 134 patients with parasellar meningiomas were retrospectively analyzed. Results:A total of 109 patients (81.3%) had radical removal (Simpson grade I and II), and 116 patients were followed up for an average period of 81.6 months. The mean quality of life score (KPS) was 91.9, 90 patients regained full daily activity and 16 patients were able to take care of themselves. Oculomotor paralysis occurred in 7 patients, epilepsy in 8, and another 9 patients suffered hemispheral paralysis. Tumor recurred atfer the radical removal in 12 out of the 96 follow-up patients (12.5%). Tumor progressed atfer subtotal removal in 12 out of the 20 follow-up patients (60%). Tumor with cavernous sinus (CS) invasion had significantly higher risk of recurrence campared with non-CS invasion (P=0.043). The recurrence rate increased with the pathological grade (P<0.01). Conclusion:Patients with parasellar meningiomas undergoing microsurgical resection may have a good long-term function outcome. For most patients, total removal by microsurgery is the ifrst choice. Careful follow-up is needed if tumor invaded the CS and radiosurgery is proposed for WHO grade 1 and 2.

OBJECTIVE: To construct a recombinant prokaryoticexpression plasmid pET/ c-Aβ(15)-c, and evaluate the immunogenicity of its encoded fusion protein as expressed in E.coli. METHODS: The gene fragment HBc88-144 was amplified by PCR and subcloned to pUC19. The synthetic, double-strand Aβ(1-15) gene was inserted downstream of HBc1-71 in pGEMEX/c1-71. After restriction enzyme digestion, c1-71- Aβ(15) was spliced to HBc88-144, yielding the recombinant gene c-Aβ(15)-c; that gene was subcloned into pET-28a(+). The fusion protein (CA15C) expressed in the transformed E.coli BL21 was induced with isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The virus-like particle (VLP) formed by fusion protein CA15C was observed with transmission electric microscope (TEM). Four Kunming (KM) mice were given intraperitoneal injections of CA15C, and the anti-Aβ antibody elicited was detected by indirect ELISA. RESULTS: The sequence of the recombinant gene was confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. After IPTG induction, the fusion protein was expressed, mainly in the sediment from the bacterial lysate. The expression level was 40% of total protein in the sediment. The CA15C could form VLP. After 5 rounds of immunization, the titer of anti-Aβ antibody in the sera of KM mice reached 1:10000, while the anti-HBc antibody was undetectable. CONCLUSION Recombinant c-Aβ(15)-c gene can be expressed in E.coli. The expressed protein can form VLPs and has a strong immunogenicity.
Alzheimer Disease ; prevention & control ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; genetics ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Fragments ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism