Objective To explore the application of the comprehensive pain assessment scale to the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Methods About 100 patients suffering from PHN were randomly divided into two groups: the control group and experiment group. The former was treated with recording for pain assessment and the latter was treated with the comprehensive pain assessment scale. Two sets of data were compared and analyzed in view of quality of sleep, average length of hospitalization and the duration of side effects of drugs. Result The effect of the experiment group was better than the control group in the quality of sleep, the average length of hospitalization, reduction of side effect duration of drugs (P<0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive pain assessment scale throughout the whole process of the PHN treatment can achieve timely and effective assessment of pain and reduce the side effect duration of drugs, improve their sleep quality, and shorten the hospital stay.

Objective To evaluate the application value of MiniFilerTM kit in LCN-STR genotyping in forensic science.Methods Compared the testing results of MiniFilerTM and IdentifilerTM kits in 49 general quantity biological samples and 39 LCN-biological samples,including blood stains,sperm stains,bones,and so on.Meanwhile the sensitivity of these two kits were also compared.Results Full concordance between IdentifilerTM and MiniFilerTM kits was observed in all of 49 general quantity biological samples.For 39 LCN-biological samples,only 22 samples could be genotyped in partial loci and 17 samples negative with the IdentifilerTM kit,while 30 samples could be genotyped in all loci,5 samples in partial loci and 4 samples negative with the MiniFilerTM kit.Therefore,there was a higher success rate for LCN-biological samples typing with MiniFilerTM kit than with IdentifilerTM kit.In addition,the sensitivity of the MiniFilerTMkit was also a little higer than the IdentifilerTMkit.Conclusion The results demonstrated that the MiniFilerTM kit can markedly improve the typing success rate of LCN-biological samples,and is suitable for analyzing difficult biological samples in forensic practice.

Objective To assess the osteogenic ability after co-culture BMSC and ADSC in vivo and in vitro.Methods ADSC and BMSC were obtained by adherent screening method and enzymatic digestion method.Flow cytometry was used to confirm the phenotypes of ADSC and BMSC.Oil red O was used to induce MSC to fat.Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining were used in osteogenic group.This sample was divided into four groups,no-induced stem cells group;BMSC osteogenic induction group;ADSC osteogenic induction group;co-culture of BMSC and ADSC osteogenic induction group.ALP activities and Calcium absorbance were determined during different periods of osteogenic introduction.OCN and Runx2 expression level were tested via RT-PCR and western blot methods after osteogenic induction for 2 weeks.Furthermore,cells in each group were seeded on HA/CS/PLLA composite scaffolds,and the scaffolds with cells were planted into bone defects in rat models.The rats were sacrificed by overdose anesthesia at 8 weeks after surgery and the scaffolds were removed for further analysis.Results Oil red O staining demonstrated red after adipogenic induction.Alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin red staining showed flaky red under condition of osteogenic induction.There had no statistical change among each group after osteogenic induction for 3 days,and ALP activity significantly increased after osteogenic induction for 5 days.Meanwhile,the ALP activity in co-culture of BMSC and ADSC group was markedly higher than the other three groups.However,there had no significant change in A value of calcium absorbance among each group after osteogenic induction for 7 days,while it increased at 14th day and ALP activity in co-culture of BMSC and ADSC group was significantly higher than the other three groups.After osteogenic induction for 2 weeks,the mRNA expression of OCN and Runx2 in co-culture of BMSC and ADSC group was 78.24±8.11 and 1 180.13±121.16 respectively,and the protein expression of OCN and Runx2 was 6.54±0.59 and 4.43±0.51.These mRNA and protein expression level in co-culture of BMSC and ADSC group enhanced significant compared with the other 3 groups.Histological assay demonstrated that the new bone tissues formed in co-culture of BMSC and ADSC group were 497.75±7.44 μm2,which was larger than that in the other 3 groups at 8 weeks after implantation.Conclusion Co-culture BMSC and ADSC may up-regulated the osteogenic ability in vivo and in vitro.

AIM:To establish a HPLC method for determining contents of tetrahydropalmatine and pepper alkali in Zhitong Capsule(Rhizoma Corydalis,Fructus Piperis,Radix Paeoniae alba,etc.)to control its quality.METHODS:The samples were extracted in water by ultrasonic wave,and then extracted by aether to refine after being acidized by 1 mol/mL HCl.Following that the pH of water solution was adjusted to 9.0-10.0 by NH_3?H_2O,and then extracted by aether again.After that,the aether solution was collected to evaporation to dryness and metered by methanol.The sample solution was determined by high performance liquid chromatography on a Hypersil ODS 2 C_ 18 column(4.6 mm?250 mm,5 ?m)with mobile phase composed methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid water solution(the pH was adjusted to 6.0 by triethylamine)(55∶45).The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,the column temperature was at 30 ℃ and the signal from 0 to 14.5 minutes were acquired at 280 nm,and that from 14.5 to 22 minutes were detected at 328 nm.RESULTS:The resolution of tetrahydropalmatine and pepper alkali was good,with no miscellaneous peak.The linear range was at 0.196-1.96 ?g(r=0.999 6)for tetrahydropalmatine,0.03-0.3 ?g(r=0.999 7)for pepper alkali.The average rate of recovery of tetrahydropalmatine was 97.74%(RSD= 0.42%,n=6),and that of pepper alkali was 104.51%(RSD=2.01%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The method is simple,reliable,accurate and can be applied to the quality control of the preparation.

Objective To investigate the MR features of uterine leiomyomas and evaluate its diagnostic value. Methods Twenty six patients with probable uterine leiomyomas underwent preoperative ultrasound, T 1 weighted spin echo and T 2 weighted fast spin echo MR examinations. Among them, 11 cases were performed with dynamic contrast enhancement. Comparative analysis between MRI findings and pathologic results was done. Results MRI diagnosis in all cases was consistent with the results given by surgery and pathology, except 2 being pathologically proven as endometrial polyp or inflammatory pseudoplasma. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI was 92%, while the accuracy of ultrasound was 85%. The difference between the number of lesions detected by two modalities had statistical significance (89% for MRI vs 69% for ultrasound, ? 2=17.86, P

Objective:To investigate the effect of Siwutang on promoting hematopoietic function of mouse splenocytes. Methods:Effect of Siwutang on concanavalin A (Con A)-primed mice splenocytes production of IL-3 and IL-2 was studied by 3H-TdR incorporation and dot blot hybridization. Results: Siwutang significantly enhanced Con A-primed mice splenocytes production of IL-3 and IL-2(P

The setting up of morphologic experimental centre has brougt experimental methods and means to a higher level. However, it is worth considering how to share the resource furthest,and how to exert experimental technicians’ efforts. This article intends to discuss those problems.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)differentiating into neural cells is an effective way of cell therapy of nervous system disease.However,the methods used nowadays still need to be improved.OBJECTIVE:To induce the differentiation of rhesus monkey BMSCs into neuron-like cells by using sonic hedgehog factor.METHODS:Rhesus monkey BMSCs differentiating into neuron-like cells was induced by typical retinoic acid and sonic hedgehog factor.Rhesus monkey BMSCs were isolated and cultured by density gradient centrifugation method.Cell growth was observed under an inverted phase contrast microscope and cell growth curve was determined using MTT assay.Flow cytometry was performed to characterize the phenotype of BMSCs,and immunohistochemistry was utilized to assess differentiated cells.Ultra-structure of the differentiated cells was observed by transmission and scanning electron microscopes.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Rhesus monkey BMSCs cultured in vitro were identified by flow cytometry,with high homogenicity.Following sonic hedgehog factor disposal for 7 days,differentiated cells were mainly positive for neurone specific enolase,neurofilament protein,Tau and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP).Image statistical analysis found that in sonic hedgehog factor scheme,neural stem cells marker Neetin positive rate was significantly higher compared with the rstinoic acid scheme(P＜0.01).GFAP-positive rate was greater in the retinoic acid scheme than in the sonic hedgehog factor scheme(P＜0.05).Results indicated that sonic hedgehog factor scheme is an effective pathway of rhesus monkey BMSC differentiation into neuron-like cells.

BACKGROUND: Present studies have demonstrated that during neural development, differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) was affected by various regulatory factors from surrounding microenvironment. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a key induction signal during neural fetal development, and can be an effective inductor to regulate differentiation of neural cells. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the signal transduction pathway of SHH for differentiation of rhesus monkey bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into of neuron-like cells by sonic hedgehog factor. METHODS: Rhesus monkey BMSCs were isolated and cultured by conventional density gradient centrifugation. BMSCs in the induction group were treated with L-DMEM containing FGF2, B27 and fetal bovine serum for preinduction of 24 hours, and then with DMEM supplemented with 0.5 μmol/L retinoic acid or 400 μmol/L SHH for 8 days. Non-induced cells served as control group. Following labeling with neuron enolase, positive cells were screened by flow cytometry. RT-PCR and Western-blot were used to detect SHH- and retinoic acid-induced cell membrane receptor and intracellular signal protein changes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: SHH specific membrane receptor Ptc, retinoic acid specific receptor RARα, signal protein molecule ptch1 and Smad expressed in normal cells. Ptc expression upregulated in SHH-induced cells. High expression lasted for a long time with induction time, which was significantly stronger compared with the retinoic acid and control groups (P < 0.01). Intracellular ptch1 protein molecule expression showed similar tendency as this, but could not induce upregulation of RARα expression. During induction, retinoic acid-stimulated cells did not activate Ptc pathway. Four days following induction, RARα expression upregulated and lasted till 6 days, but there were no significant differences. No significant change in ptch1 expression was determined. SHH- and retinoic acid-induced cell Smad molecule expression upregulated, but no significant difference was determined. Results verified that SHH-induced scheme participated in cell induction and differentiation by persistently activating its specific receptors. However, there was no significant receptor pathway crossing between retinoic acid-induced and SHH-induced schemes.

Objective To investigate awareness about tuberculosis (TB) prevention and treatment and influence of professional training on TB detection among health-care workers (HCWs) in general hospitals.Methods In total,750 HCWs were trained for TB-related knowledge for eight class-hours in a two-day course in three general hospitals,and 20 HCWs from each of the three hospitals classified as grade 3A and grade 2A in urban Beijing and grade B at suburban Beijing,respectively,were interviewed with questionnaire designed to understand their awareness about TB prevention policy,epidemiology,diagnosis and treatment,and to evaluate effectiveness of the training,respectively.All the trainees responded before and after the training,with a hundred percent of response rate.TB diagnosis and reporting one year before training in the three hospitals were compared to those one year after it.Results Scores of knowledge about TB diagnosis and treatment averaged 64-80 for HCWs before training,with statistically significant difference among three hospital (F = 5.984,P ＜ 0.01).Scores increased after training,but without significant difference from those before it (P ＞ 0.05).Awareness of TB prevention policy,regulations and epidemiology was insufficient in most HCWs of those hospitals,with lowest and highest average scores of 38.3 and 71.7 before training,respectively,but scores increased significantly after training (P ＜ 0.01).Proportion of TB diagnosis with chest roentgenograph at grades 3A and 2A hospitals was significantly higher one month,three months and six months after training,as compared to that at suburban hospitals (P ＜0.01).There was significant decrease (P ＜ 0.01) in proportion of chest roentgenograph at respiratory departments in hospitals grade 3A and grade 2A after training.There was no significant difference in reporting of pulmonary TB and positive sputum smear (P ＞ 0.05) before and after training.Conclusions HCWs in general hospitals had experience and capacity in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary TB,but their knowledge of TB prevention policy and epidemiology was insufficient.Their ability in finding and reporting TB can not been improved with short-term training.