Hospital acquired conditions(HACs)are a common headache for hospitals,which often give rise to waste of medical resources and additional payment of medical insurance funds,as well as deterioration of patient safety and doctor-patient relations.These aftermaths have made HACs a high priority in hospitals management worldwide,as they are tightening control of HACs,reducing medical resource waste,improving quality of care,and enhancing patient safety.That is why HACs are so important for us.

A new type of gastric electrical stimulator (GES) was introduced. After the stimulator was implanted in beagle dogs, its stimulating effects and the pathological changes at the implant site were observed to study the safety and efficacy of stimulator as well as the tissue compatibility of the materials used. The results showed that, this type of stimulator was safe and capable of inhibiting food intake of the dogs, and that the materials used had good tissue compatibility.
Animals ; Dogs ; Electric Stimulation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Female ; Histocompatibility ; Stomach ; physiology

Objective To evaluate the effect of isosceles right angle triangulation on deep vein puncture under ultrasound localization. Methods In this prospective randomized case-controlled clinical study, the enrolled patients who required deep veins puncture to establish transient hemodialysis pathway were randomly divided into treatment group treated with ultrasound localization puncture based on isosceles right triangle theory, and control group treated with traditional localization puncture following exploration of blood vessels using color doppler ultrasound, with 46 cases in each group. The differences in gender, age, causes for hemodialysis, puncture sites, successful rate of initial puncture, rates of complications and cathetering-consuming time were compared between two groups. Results The differences in gender, age, causes for hemodialysis and puncture sites between two groups were not statistically significant. In control group, 30 patients received puncture through internal jugular veins, among whom 16 received successful initial puncture, with the successful rate of initial puncture of 53.33%, and the cathetering-consuming time of (545.5 ± 120.3) s; and 16 patients received puncture through femoral veins, among whom 8 received successful initial puncture, with the successful rate of initial puncture of 50.00%, and the cathetering-consuming time of (500.6 ± 120.6) s. Meanwhile, in control group, 3 patients had hematoma in puncture sites, and another 3 had arterial mis-puncture, with the total rate of complications of 13.04%(6/46). In treatment group, 32 patients received puncture through internal jugular veins, among whom 31 received successful initial puncture, with the successful rate of initial puncture of 96.88%, and the cathetering-consuming time of( 99.5 ± 34.8) s;and 14 patients received puncture through femoral veins, among whom 14 succeed in initial puncture, with the successful rate of initial puncture of 14/14, and the cathetering-consuming time of (99.8 ± 44.8) s. None in treatment group had hematoma in puncture sites or arterial mis-puncture. Both groups finished deep veins puncture intubation successfully. Treatment group was markedly higher in the successful rate of initial puncture (P<0.05), notably shorter in cathetering-consuming time (P<0.05), and prominently lower in the total rate of complications than control group (P<0.05), and all differences were statistically significant. Conclusions Ultrasound localization based on isosceles right triangle theory has superiority to traditional B-ultrasound localization in deep veins puncture in that it can promote the successful rate of initial puncture and shorten cathetering-consuming time without increasing the occurrence rates of complications, and can be completely operated by single clinical physician independently, thus deserving to be popularized in clinical practice.

Because of the widespread development and application of rapid response system (RRS) in medical institutions in developed countries, such as Europe, America and Australia, the clinical adverse events (cardiac arrest, accidental death, etc.) in hospital patients have been reduced and improved. Meanwhile, the hospitalization rate and mortality rate of intensive care unit in hospital patients have been reduced, thus shortening the hospitalization time and reducing the medical expenses. Nevertheless, RRS is still in the exploration stage in our country. Therefore, the article reviews the RRS model and application development.

Objective: To analyze the interactions between different structural types of volatile oil components (VOCs) and skin lipid molecules, and investigate the mechanism of volatile oil in Chinese materia medica (VOCMM) as penetration enhancers. Methods: In this study, 210 different structural types of VOCs were selected from the VOCMM penetration enhancer database, and the molecular docking experiments were conducted with three main lipid molecules of skin: ceramide 2 (CER2), cholesterol (CHL), and free fatty acid (FFA). Each VOC was docked individually with each lipid molecule. Cluster analysis was used to explore the relationship between the binding energy of VOCs and their molecular structures. Nine specific pathogen-free (SPF) Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into Control, Nootkatone, and 3-Butylidenephthalide groups for in vitro percutaneous experiments, with three rats in each group. The donor pool solutions were 3% gastrodin, 3% gastrodin + 3% nootkatone, and 3% gastrodin + 3% 3-butylidenephthalide, respectively. The penetration enhancing effects of VOCs with higher binding energy were evaluated by comparing the 12-hour cumulative percutaneous absorption of gastrodin (Q12, µg/cm²). Result: (i) Most of the VOCs were non-hydrogen bonded to the hydrophobic parts of CHL and FFA, and hydrogen bonded to the head group of CER2. Among them, sesquiterpene oxides showed the most pronounced binding affinity to CER2. The VOCs with 2 − 4 rings (including carbon rings, benzene rings, and heterocycles) demonstrated stronger binding affinity for three skin lipid molecules compared with the VOCs without intramolecular rings (P < 0.01). (ii) According to the cluster analysis, most of the VOCs that bond well to CER2 had 2 − 3 intramolecular rings. The non-oxygenated VOCs were bonded to CER2 in a hydrophobic manner. The oxygenated VOCs were mostly bonded to CER2 by hydrogen bonding. (iii) The results of Franz diffusion cell experiment showed that the Q12 of Control group was 260.60 ± 25.09 µg/cm2, and the transdermal absorption of gastrodin was significantly increased in Nootkatone group (Q12 = 5 503.00 ± 1 080.00 µg/cm², P < 0.01).  The transdermal absorption of gastrodin was also increased in 3-Butylidenephthalide  group (Q12 = 495.40 ± 56.98 µg/cm², P > 0.05). (iv) The type of oxygen-containing functional groups in VOCs was also an influencing factor of binding affinity to CER2. Conclusion The interactions between different types of VOCs with different structures in the VOCMM and three skin lipid molecules in the stratum corneum were investigated at the molecular level in this paper. This research provided theoretical guidance and data support for the screening of volatile oil-based penetration enhancers,  and a simple and rapid method for studying the penetration-enhancing mechanism of volatile oils.

Tubulin has been shown to be an effective target for the development of cytotoxic agents against prostate cancer. Previously, we reported that Lx2-32c is an anti-tubulin agent with high binding affinity to tubulin. In this study, we investigated the potential of Lx2-32c to act as an effective cytotoxic agent in the treatment of prostate cancer. MTT assays showed that Lx2-32c was cytotoxic to all tested prostate cancer cell lines. The Lx2-32c-treated cells typically exhibited a rounded morphology associated with the onset of apoptosis, as evidenced by immunocytochemical staining. Human prostate cancer cell lines treated with Lx2-32c arrest in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and the treatment is associated with an increased ratio of cells in the sub-G0/G1 phase as determined by flow cytometry. Furthermore, expression of the cleaved form of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in prostate cancer cell lines treated with Lx2-32c was shown by Western blotting assay. Xenograft implants of LNCaP and PC3-derived tumors in nude mice showed that Lx2-32c treatment significant inhibited tumor growth with effects equivalent to those of docetaxel. These findings demonstrate the potential of Lx2-32c as a candidate antitumor agent for the treatment of prostate cancer.