Objective To explore the diagnostic value of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with 16-slice spiral CT.Methods Forty patients with AAA were examinated with 16-slice spiral CT. Multiplanar reformation (MPR), maximal intensity projection (MIP) and volume rendering (VR) were performed in all cases.Results Forty patients with AAA included seven cases of cystiform, twenty-three cases of shuttle and ten cases of shuttle-cystiform aneurysm. There were three cases of multiple abdominal aortic aneurysm. There was one case of pseudoaneurysm after the rupture of true aneurysm. MPR definitely revealed the site, modality and extent of aortic disease and demonstrated the mural thrombus in the aneurysm. The calcifications of abdominal aortic aneurysm’s wall or in mural thrombus were well depicted by MIP. VR definitely showed the relationship between aneurysm and arterial branches with three-dimension form.Conclusion 16-slice spiral CT is the optimal imaging technique in diagnosing, following up pre-and post-operation of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

360 min,the risk of no-reflow phenomenon was decreased in patients with SOTB≤360 min(OR=0.2,95% CI:0.0-1.0,P=0.045).(2) Obesity was identified as an independent risk factor for peak concentration of CK-MB(?=117.3,95% CI:12.1-222.6,P=0.029).(3) Age(above 60 years old),obesity,and preprocedural Killip classification were identified as independent risk factors for postprocedural LVEF.Old age(?=-6,95% CI:-9.7--2.2,P=0.002) and obesity(?=-3.8,95% CI:-7.6--0.1,P=0.044)were associated with low LVEF but preprocedural cardiac function of Killip Class Ⅰ was associated with high LVEF(?=4.9,95% CI:0.4～9.4,P=0.033).(4) Preprocedural Killip classification and multivessel disease were independent predictors for major adverse cardiac event in the follow-up period.The risk of major adverse cardiac event during follow-up decreased in patients with preprocedural Killip class I compared with patients with Killip class Ⅱ~Ⅳ(OR=0.1,95% CI:0.0-0.7,P=0.022),but the risk increased in patients with multivessel disease compared with those who had single vessel disease(OR=10.5,95% CI:1.1-99.4,P=0.041).Conclusion The clinical outcomes and prognosis of patients with AMI treated with primary PCI were associated with a variety of risk factors including age,obesity,multivessel disease,and preprocedural cardiac function.In addition,SOTB was related to postprocedural TIMI flow in patients with AMI undergoing primary PCI.

Objective To investigate the relationship of serum uric acid level to the risk of coronary artery disease in young adults.Methods One hundred and fifty six young adults(≤45 years) hospitalized in Peking University First Hosipital during January 2005 to April 2008 were divided into coronary heart disease(CHD) group(96 cases) and control group(60 cases),according to coronary angiography.The CHD group was then sub-divided into 3 groups: single-vessel group(n=55),double-vessel group(n=21) and multi-vessel group(n=20).The relationship of serum uric acid level to the risk of CHD was analyzed.Results The serum uric acid level in CHD group was higher than that in control group(347.3?77.8 ?mol/L vs 306.1?76.6 ?mol/L,P

Objective To investigate epidemiological characteristics of Salmonella infection in children with infectious diarrhea in Zhuhai City from 2009 to 2014 .Methods Isolation ,culturing ,biochemical identification and serotyping of Salmonella were carried out in strains isolated from stool specimens of 4 395 children with infectious diarrhea in inpatient and outpatient settings in Zhuhai Municipal Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital from 2009 to 2014 ,and data were statistically analysed .Results A total of 546 strains of Salmonella was isolated(the overall isolation rate was 12 .42% ) and 30 serotypes were identified .Among children with Salmonella infection ,those under 3 years old accounted for 93 .22% .There was no statistically significant difference of isolation rate between male and female children with infectious diarrhea(P<0 .05) .June and July were peak period of Salmonella infection ,and the isolation rate was 16 .40% and 16 .09% respectively .Isolates of Salmonella typhimurium ,Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella stanley account for 50 .92% ,13 .55% and 10 .26% respectively ,which were dominant serotypes .Conclusion Salmonella is the main pathogenic bacteria in children with infectious diarrhea in Zhuhai area ,and Salmonella typhimurium is the main serotype .The infec‐tion of Salmonella might be correlated with children′s age and climate change .

Objective To investigate the radiographic features and surgical approach of severe fixed cervical kyphosis.Methods Seventeen cases of severe fixed cervical kyphosis from January 2007 to January 2012 were studied retrospectively.There were 8 males and 9 females,with an average age of 49.7 years.The etiologies were 3 cases of infection,3 cases of degeneration,3 cases of neurofibromatosis,3 cases of prior laminectomy,2 cases of idiopathic,2 cases of trauma and 1 case of neuromuscular disease.The average length of kyphosis was 4.3 ± 1.2 segments.All patients complained of severe neck pain (visual analogue scale,VAS,7.6±1.5) or progressive cervical kyphosis.There were 4 cases with myelopathy,2 with radiculopathy,3 with difficulty of forward gaze and 1 with difficulty of swallowing.All patients were underwent dynamic flexion-extension radiographs and traction views.CT scans were carried out to identify the sites of fixed kyphosis.Continuous traction was performed after general anesthesia,and the surgical approach was decided according to spinal cord compression,length of kyphosis and the cause of fixed kyphosis.Surgical outcomes were assessed in terms of correction of Cobb angle and Odom criteria.Results All patients were followed-up for 2 to 5 years.According to the CT scans,the sites of fixed kyphosis were identified:anterior bony ankylosis in 7 cases,posterior in 6 cases and both anterior and posterior in 4 cases.The surgical approach were as following:anterior only in 4 cases,posterior only in 2 cases,anterior-posterior in 5 cases,posterior-anterior in 3 cases,anterior-posterior-anterior in 1 case and posterior-anterior-posterior in 2 cases.The Cobb angle was corrected from 49.3°± 14.6° preoperation to 2.1 °±6.8° at the latest follow-up,with an average correction of 47.2°.According to Odom criteria,there were 7 excellent outcome,8 good,2 fair and none poor outcome.Revision surgery was performed in 1 case due to proximal junctional kyphosis.At the latest follow-up,bony fusion was found in all patients.Conclusion CT scan is helpful in identifying the cause of fixed kyphosis.The surgical approach of fixed cervical kyphosis is decided by spinal cord compression,length of kyphosis and cause of fixed kyphosis.Anterior approach is suitable for anterior ankylosis,posterior approach for posterior ankylosis,combined approach for both anterior and posterior ankylosis.

Gene expression exhibits temporal and spatial patterns to response environmental changes and growth cycle. Gene expression is under strict control at different levels among which control at transcription level is the predominant mode, especially in prokaryotes. In this review, we summarized the new developments of methods used in transcriptional studies, including modifications and improvements of the classic methods, such as gel-shift assay, DNA foot printing, and in vivo reporter system. In addition, we introduced examples to apply new methods, such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) to characterize protein-DNA, ligand-protein, and ligand-protein-DNA interactions. The collection of these methods and their application could guide and accelerate relevant studies.
Calorimetry ; DNA Footprinting ; Gene Expression ; Ligands ; Proteins ; Surface Plasmon Resonance ; Transcription, Genetic

Objective To determine the outcome of unstable atlas fractures combined with rupture of transverse ligament treated by posterior atlantoaxial transpedicular screw fixation.Methods A retrospective case series study was made on 17 patients with unstable atlas fractures combined with rupture of transverse ligament treated by posterior atlantoaxial transpedicular screw fixation and fusion from January 2008 to December 2015.There were 13 males and 4 females,with age range of 34-69 years (mean,47.8 years).All atlas fractures were Jefferson fractures (Levine-Edwards type Ⅲ).Classification of transverse ligament rupture was type Ⅰ in 12 patients and type Ⅱ in 5 patients.No patients had neurologic deficit [American spinal injury association (ASIA) classification grade E].Operation time,blood loss,implant failure,bone fusion and visual analogue scale (VAS) were recorded after operation.Results Operation time was 85-120 min (mean,102 min).Blood loss was 90-150 ml (mean,115 ml).All patients were followed up for 10-20 months (mean,17.8 months).At the final follow-up,all patients achieved bone union,with no implant loosening or breakage happened.VAS was improved from preoperative (5.5 ± 1.8) points to (2.4 ± 1.5) points at tbe final follow-up (P ＜ 0.05).ASIA Grade E remained in all patients.Conclusion Posterior atlantoaxial transpedicular screw fixation of unstable atlas fractures combined with rupture of transverse ligament is a safe and effective surgical procedure that is able to restore the atlanto-axial vertebral stability and relieve pain.

Objective To investigate the factors that affecting the efficacy of arthroscopic debridement in the treatment of knee osteoar-thritis. Methods The clinical data of patients with knee osteoarthritis treated with arthroscopic debridement in our hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 was retrospectively analyzed,and the treatment effect was evaluated by Lysholm score. The factors that may affect the efficacy were selected to make a single factor analysis,and then made a multiple logistic regression analysis with the factors which were of sta-tistical significance through single factor analysis. Results Single factor analysis showed that age,course of disease,body mass index,psycho-logical factor,preoperative VAS score,preoperative Kellgren-Lawrence grade,preoperative Lysholm score and postoperative rehabilitation exer-cise were the factors that affected the efficacy of knee arthroscopy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Further multivariate analysis showed that high body mass index,high preoperative VAS pain score,low Ly-sholm score,high psychological expectations and high preoperative Kellgren-Lawrence grading were expected to be the independent risk fac-tors of knee arthroscopy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Strict compliance with the postoperative rehabilitation exercise was the protect factor. Conclusion High body mass index,high preoperative VAS pain score,low preoperative Lysholm score,high preoperative Kellgren-Lawrence grading,and high psychological expectations were expected to reduce the effect of surgery,while strict compliance with the postoper-ative rehabilitation exercise can improve the curative effect.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of anterior C2-3 discectomy and fusion in treatment of type Ⅱ traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis. Methods A total of 27 patients with type Ⅱ traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis were treated with anterior C2-3 discectomy, fusion and plate fixa-tion. There were 19 males and 8 females, at average age of 38 years (22-67 years). The spinal cord function was at Fraukel D in four patients. Results Operation lasted for 75-95 minutes (mean 86 mi-nutes), with blood loss of 100-160 ml (mean 135 ml). Hospital stay was 9-12 days ( mean 10.8 days). Follow-up for 9-24 months (mean 14 months) showed that all patients achieved bony fusion within three months postoperatively, with no anterior displacement or kyphosis. The range of cervical movement was normal, with no chronic neck pain ocurred. Conclusions Anterior approach can minimize surgical trauma, shorten recovery time and hospital stay. Anterior C2-3 discectomy and fusion is a feasible and safe surgical technique and can get satisfactory therapeutic effect in treating type Ⅱ traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis.

Objective The study aimed to discuss the scientific property and feasibility of back measurement of neonates' temperature. Methods Three measurement methods(axillary,under the jaw and the back) were adopted to measure the temperature for 100 neonates for 7,10 and 30 minutes.The tempera-ture measured by rectum for 3 minutes was set as the control. Results . Temperature by back measure-merit was not different from that measured by other methods in the same time period,P ＞ 0.05.Temperature by back measurement for 7,10 and 30 minutes was not different from that measured by rectum for 3 min-utes,P ＞ 0.05. Temperature by back measurement for 7,10 minutes for neonates using radiation rescue plat-form and warm case was not different from that measured by rectum,P ＞ 0.05.Temperature measured by ax-illary and under the jaw for 30 minutes was different from that measued by rectum, P ＜ 0.05.While temper-ature by back measurement for 30 minutes was not different from that measured by rectum,P ＞ 0.05.Conclusions Back measurement of temperature as well as by axillary and the jaw could be used in pedi-atric department.h could accurately obtain the real temperature of neonates and was not influenced by radi-ation rescue platform and warm case.Besides,it reduced the workload of nurses and was safe,effective,simple,practical and worth applying widely in clinic.