OBJECTIVEThis study aims to compare the treatment outcomes in patients with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion by applying different anchorage methods via three-dimensional model measurement.

METHODSA total of 46 patients with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion treated with bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions and high anchorage were selected. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups according to the type of anchorage applied, which included implant, extraoral, and Nance arch anchorages. The maxillary dental models were made before treatment and after space closure of maxilla. The movements of the maxillary central incisors and first molars were measured via a three-dimensional model measurement, and the amounts of movement were compared among the three groups.

RESULTSThe sagittal lingual movements of the maxillary central incisors were (-6.661 ± 1.328), (-5.939 ± 1.806), and (-5.788 ± 2.009) mm for the implant, extraoral, and Nance arch anchorage groups, respectively, with no significant difference among the three groups (P = 0.121). The corresponding vertical movements of the maxillary central incisors were (0.129 ± 1.815) mm intrusion, and (-2.162 ± 2.026), (-2.623 ± 1.776) mm extrusion. Significant difference was found between the implant anchorage group and the other groups (P < 0.05). The corresponding sagittal mesial movements of the maxillary first molars were (0.608 ± 1.045), (1.445 ± 1.462), and (1.503 ± 0.945) mm. The corresponding vertical movements of the maxillary first molars were (0.720 ± 0.805) mm intrusion, (0.076 ± 0.986) mm intrusion, and (-0.072 ± 0.690) mm extrusion. Significant difference was found between the implant anchorage group and the other two groups (P < 0.05). In the transverse direction, the first molars all moved lingually with no significant difference among the three groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONImplant anchorage may be superior in the vertical control of the maxillary incisors and in the sagittal, as well as in the vertical control of the maxillary molars, compared with the traditional anchorages during the treatment of patients with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion.

Bicuspid ; Cephalometry ; Humans ; Incisor ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures ; Tooth Movement Techniques ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To study the influence on allograft function of HLA antibody in patients who received pairs of allograft from the same donor.Methods In Beijing Friendship Hospital.HLA antibodies were tested from October,2008 to April 2009 in patients.Recently (October,2013-February,2014),renal functions(serum creatinine/urea nitrogen)were studied in 226 patients who received transplant from 113 donors.LATM10x5,One Lambdas used for Panel reactive antibody screen-ing.Results 41 pairs of renal for male,21 pairs of renal for female and 51 pairs of renal for both male and female.PRA posi-tive in 26 patients (only 4 pairs of renal for patients were positive),11 recipients (HLA II antibody positive in only 1 pair of renal for patients)and 36 recipients (only 5 patients produced antibody)in 226 patients,HLA antibody positive in 73 pa-tients,in which renal function lost or decreased in 64 patients.HLA antibody negative in 153 recipients,in which renal func-tion lost or decreased in 4 patients.There was significant difference between the two group (χ2=160.70,P<0.001).Con-clusion HLA antibody is a important factor influence renal function and long term survival.

Objective To investigate the influences of HLA mismatching on renal function in the kidney transplant patients re-ceiving pairs of allograft from the same donor.Methods 171 pairs of renal transplant patients receiving the kidneys from the same donors were investigated.They were admitted in our hospital before 2008.Their human leukocyte antigens (HLA)were typed with the commercial polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-specific primers (SSP)HLA typing kit (One Lambda,Inc.,USA;and GTI Diagnostics,USA).The serum creatinine (SCr)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN)were measured in the clinical laboratory of our hospital.Results Among 171 pairs of renal transplant patients,there were 162 recipients with HLA mismatch≤4,in which the re-nal function was remained stable in 107 recipients and lost or decreased in 55 patients.There were 180 recipients with HLA mis-match >4,in which the renal function was stayed normal in 84 recipients and lost or decreased in 96 patients.The difference in in-fluencing the renal function between the HLA mismatch≤4 and HLA mismatch>4 had statistical significance (χ2 =12.22,P <0.05).Conclusion Excellent HLA typing match has important significance for renal long term survival.

Objective To study the HLA match rate of 222 living-related donors for kidney transplantation, and to give suggestions for clinical selection of suitable donors and recipients. Methods We analyzed the HLA match rate of 222 kidney transplantations from living relative donors from April 2006 to December 2008. There were 168 male recipients and 54 female recipients. The ages of 222 recipients ranged from 10 to 58. There were 133 male donors and 89 female donors. The ages of 222 recipients ranged from 21 to 64.Results The HLA-A, B, DR, DR, antigens of 87 kidney transplantations from living parental donors were half-matched, of which 14 were higher than half-matched. The HLA-A, B, DR, DQ antigens of 7 kidney transplantations from living children donors were half-matched, including 2 cases higher than half-matched.Among 56 kidney transplantations from living sibling donors, 12 cases were totally mated, 34 cases were half-matched, and the rest were less than half-matched or mismatched. Among 72 kidney transplantations from other living relative donors, 20 cases were higher than half-matched and 5 cases were completely mismatched. More than 4 HLA antigens in 6 cases were matched, but not half-matched. Three HLA antigens or less were matched in 41 cases. Conclusion The HLA match rates from living parental, children, or sibling donors were higher than other relative donors.

Objective This study aims to compare the treatment outcomes in patients with maxillary dentoalveolar pro-trusion by applying different anchorage methods via three-dimensional model measurement. Methods A total of 46 patients with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion treated with bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions and high anchorage were selected. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups according to the type of anchorage applied, which included implant, extraoral, and Nance arch anchorages. The maxillary dental models were made before treatment and after space closure of maxilla. The movements of the maxillary central incisors and first molars were measured via a three-dimensional model measurement, and the amounts of movement were compared among the three groups. Results The sagittal lingual movements of the maxillary central incisors were (-6.661±1.328), (-5.939±1.806), and (-5.788±2.009) mm for the implant, extraoral, and Nance arch anchorage groups, respectively, with no significant difference among the three groups (P=0.121). The corresponding vertical movements of the maxillary central incisors were (0.129±1.815) mm intrusion, and (-2.162± 2.026), (-2.623±1.776) mm extrusion. Significant difference was found between the implant anchorage group and the other groups (P<0.05). The corresponding sagittal mesial movements of the maxillary first molars were (0.608±1.045), (1.445± 1.462), and (1.503±0.945) mm. The corresponding vertical movements of the maxillary first molars were (0.720±0.805) mm intrusion, (0.076±0.986) mm intrusion, and (-0.072±0.690) mm extrusion. Significant difference was found between the implant anchorage group and the other two groups (P<0.05). In the transverse direction, the first molars all moved lingually with no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Implant anchorage may be
superior in the vertical control of the maxillary incisors and in the sagittal, as well as in the vertical control of the maxillary molars, compared with the traditional anchorages during the treatment of patients with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion.

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of cytokine gene polymorphism on the incidence of acute rejection in renal transplantation.

METHODSThe cytokine genotypes of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta(1), IL-10 and IL-6 in 24 normal people and 115 consecutive renal transplant recipients were determined by PCR-SSP using sequence-specific oligonucleotide primer. The cytokine genotypes were then correlated with the incidence of acute rejection in renal transplantation.

RESULTSThe frequency of TNF-alpha and IL-10 low producer genotype in the 115 kidney recipients and control group was 88.7%, 80% and 87.5%, 75% respectively, and the frequency of TGF-beta(1) and IL-6 high producer genotype was 79.1%, 100% and 66.7%, 100% respectively. The incidence of acute rejection was higher in the recipients with TNF-(high producer or IL-10 intermediate high producer genotype than in the recipients with low producer genotype [53.8%, 43.5% vs 18.6% (chi(2) = 8.17), 17.4% (chi(2) = 7.16), P < 0.01, respectively].

CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that TNF-alpha and IL-10 gene polymorphism has significant influence on the incidence of acute rejection in renal transplantation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cytokines ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Gene Frequency ; Graft Rejection ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; genetics ; Kidney Transplantation ; physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics

Objective To study the relation between donor-recipient human leukocyte antigen (HLA)mismatching and combined malignant tumors after renal transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 1 021 patients who received renal transplantation from 1993 to 2009 in Department of Urology of Beijing Friendship Hospital of Affiliated Capital University of Medical Sciences over 5 years and had complete HLA typing were analyzed. In the 1 021 patients after renal transplantation,928 cases were non-tumor patients and 93 cases were malignant tumor patients. The mismatching data of 3 locus (HLA-A,B and DR)with a total of 6 antigens of the donors and recipients were collected. The relation between donor-recipient HLA mismatching number and postoperative combined malignant tumors was analyzed. And that between genders was also analyzed. Results Malignant tumors occurred in 9.11% (93/1 021)of the patients. The malignant tumor incidences of patients with HLA mismatch of 0-1,2,3,4,5 and 6 antigens were 14%,13%,14%,6%, 3% and 4%respectively. Patients with HLA over half-matched (0-3 antigens mismatch)had higher incidence of malignant tumors compared with that in patients with HLA less than half matched (4-6 antigens mismatch) (14% vs. 5%;χ2 =24.11,P<0.005). In the malignant tumor patients of0-3 antigens mismatch,12 cases were males and 54 cases were females. In the patients of 4-6 antigens mismatch,12 cases were males and 15 cases were females. The proportion of female patients of 0-3 antigens mismatch was higher than that of male patients (χ2 =5.60,P<0.025). Conclusions For the renal transplant patients,especially female patients, the lower the HLA mismatching number is,the higher the malignant tumor incidence is.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Xiaoyusan simplified plaster in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis and the significance of intervention in cartilage metabolism.Methods Totally 105 patients with knee osteoarthritis were divided into Xiaoyusan simplified prescription group,Xiaoyusan group and diclofenac diethylamine group according to random number table method.Xiaoyusan simplified prescription group:Apply it to the swollen and painful area,covering the entire lesion area,and change the dressing every 24 hours;Xiaoyusan group:Apply it to the swollen and painful area,covering the entire lesion area,and change the dressing every 24 hours;diclofenac diethylamine group:Apply evenly to the swollen and painful area,3 times a day;all the groups were treated for 2 courses(4 weeks).The changes of VAS score,WOMAC score,knee joint activity and the content of cartilage metabolism index HA,type Ⅱ collagen,COMP and CTX-Ⅱ before and after treatment were compared.Safety indicators of the three groups were monitored.Results The total effective rates of Xiaoyusan simplified plaster group and Xiaoyusan group were all over 97.1%(33/34),better than the diclofenac diethylamine group(81.8%,27/33),with statistical significance in the three groups(P<0.05).Xiaoyusan simplified plaster group and Xiaoyusan group were superior to diclofenac diethylamine group in VAS score,WOMAC score,sitting-standing 5 times time(P<0.05);Xiaoyusan simplified plaster group and Xiaoyusan group were superior to diclofenac diethylamine group in delaying the decrease of HA content and the increase of COMP content,with statistical significance(P<0.05).After treatment,there was no significant difference in VAS score,WOMAC score,knee joint activity and bone metabolism index content between Xiaoyusan simplified plaster group and Xiaoyusan group(P>0.05).The blood routine,urine routine,liver function,kidney function and electrocardiogram examinations before and after treatment in the three groups were all normal.Conclusion Xiaoyusan simplified plaster has the same efficacy as Xiaoyusan,which can reduce the pain of knee osteoarthritis patients,increase the knee joint activity and daily living ability of patients,and delay the cartilage injury metabolism.

Objective:To analyze the postoperative paravertebral muscle degeneration and its correlations with health related quality of life (HRQL) in patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery-transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF).Methods:The clinical data of the 50 patients were retrospectively analyzed who had undergone single-segmental MIS-TLIF at Department of Spinal Cord Surgery, The People's Hospital of Henan Province from January 2019 to December 2021. The relative volumes of lumbar posterior muscle (LM), the relative volumes of the psoas major (PM), and the rates of fatty degeneration (FD) of the fused segment and its adjacent segments were compared respectively between preoperation, 6 and 12 months postoperation. The correlations were analyzed between the HRQL scores [visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and Oswestry disability index (ODI)] and the relative LM volumes, the relative PM volumes, and the FD rates of the fused segment and its adjacent segments at 12 months postoperation.Results:Compared with the preoperative values, the relative LM volumes and the relative PM volumes of the fused segment and its adjacent segments at 6 and 12 months postoperation were significantly reduced while the FD rates significantly increased. However, the FD rate of the fused segment at 12 months postoperation (20.6% ± 6.1%) was significantly lower than that at 6 months postoperation (29.7% ± 8.2%) ( P < 0.05). The VAS score was strongly negatively or positively correlated with the relative LM volume ( r = -0.819, P < 0.001) and the FD rate ( r = 0.86, P < 0.001) of the fused segment, and moderately negatively correlated with the relative PM volume ( r = -0.435, P = 0.016). The ODI index was moderately negatively correlated with the relative LM volume ( r = -0.512, P = 0.004) and the relative PM volume ( r = -0.402, P = 0.020) of the fused segment, but moderately positively correlated with the FD rate of the fused segment ( r = 0.565, P = 0.001). There was a moderate negative correlation between the ODI index and the relative LM volume of the adjacent segments ( r = -0.478, P = 0.012). Conclusions:After MIS-TLIF, the volume of the paravertebral muscles decreases and the dorsal muscles develop fatty degeneration. The improvement of LM fatty degeneration may be observed by 12-month follow-up in the fused segment, but not in the adjacent segments. The LM volume and the FD rate of the fused segment are the most closely related to the postoperative HRQL.

Objective: To develop a method for generating three-dimensional (3D) digital models of the periodontal ligament (PDL) using 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) reconstruction and to evaluate the accuracy and agreement of the 3D PDL models in the measurement of periodontal bone loss. Methods: CBCT data collected from four patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion prior to periodontal surgery were reconstructed at three voxel sizes (0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, and 0.3 mm), and 3D tooth and alveolar bone models were generated to obtain digital PDL models for the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. Linear measurements of the alveolar bone crest obtained during periodontal surgery were compared with the digital measurements for assessment of the accuracy of the digital models. The agreement and reliability of the digital PDL models were analyzed using intra- and interexaminer correlation coefficients and Bland–Altman plots. Results: Digital models of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, PDL, and alveolar bone of the four patients were successfully established. Relative to the intraoperative measurements, linear measurements obtained from the 3D digital models were accurate, and there were no significant differences among different voxel sizes at different sites. High diagnostic coincidence rates were found for the maxillary anterior teeth. The digital models showed high intra- and interexaminer agreement. Conclusions Digital PDL models generated by 3D CBCT reconstruction can provide accurate and useful information regarding the alveolar crest morphology and facilitate reproducible measurements. This could assist clinicians in the evaluation of periodontal prognosis and establishment of an appropriate orthodontic treatment plan.