0.05). Conclusion The LDH method applied in the in vitro inhibition assay for P. falciparum seems simple, reliable and has generated a satisfactory result.

Objective:To develop a scale used to measure smoking-related attitudes in Chinese secondary school students. Methods:Based on literatures published in China and abroad and suggestions by relevant specialists and teachers, we developed a self-administered scale with 16-item used to measure smoking-related attitudes in Chinese secondary school students. Factor analysis was used to assess the construct validity of the scale. The differences of the scores between trying smokers and non-smoker, and males and females were tested for assessing the discriminant validity of the scale. Cronbach's alpha for the total scale and the sub-scales was calculated for evaluating the internal consistency, and the split-half reliability test analysis was also conducted. Moreover, 112 subjects were re-investigated after two weeks of the first survey, and the difference and correlation of scores between the two surveys were tested for assessing the stability of the scale. Results: Factor analysis identified two potential components that could explain 46.2% of the total variance, and the first factor including 9 items was defined as "The opinions to tobacco and smoking-related behaviors", and the second one including 7 items was defined as "The opinions to measures for preventing and controlling smoking". The mean score of the scale in non-smokers was significantly higher than that of the trying smokers, while the mean score in females was significantly higher than that in males. The Cronbach'? coefficient was 0.87 for Factor One, 0.75 for Factor Two, and 0.86 for the general scale, and the coefficient of the split-half reliability was 0.71 for Factor One, 0.59 for Factor Two, and 0.72 for the general scale. By analyzing the data of 112 students who participated in both surveys, we obtained test-retest reliability of factorⅠas 0.72, of factor Ⅱ as 0.44 and of all items as 0.67, and all the correlation coefficients were statistically significant. There were no differences for the scores of the scale between the two surveys. Conclusion: The results indicated that the smoking-related attitude scale had reasonable validity and reliability,It could provide valuable reference for future similar surveys in China.

Background and purpose:The incidence and mortality of lung cancer are markedly increasing all over the world, new drug and new methods in the treatment of lung cancer has been continuously explored and reported. Our study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of continuous infusion of paclitaxel combined with cisplatin in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Methods:61 patients were randomized into two groups, in the study group (31cases), the patients were treated with continuously infused paclitaxel for 48 hour at day1-2 with total dose 150 mg/m 2 , and cisplatin at day3,4,5 by intravenous injection with total dose 75 mg/m 2 . The patients in the control group(30 cases) received paclitaxel by intravenous injection for at least 3 hours at day 1, 8 with 150 mg/m 2 , and the same dose and administration of cisplatin as study group. More than three cycles were deliveried with three weeks apart to each cycle.Results:The objective response rates(RR) in the study group and control group were 54.84%(17/31)vs 43.33%(13/30),respectively; time to progress (TTP) were 7.1 months in the study group vs 5.8 months in the control group; median survival time (MST) were 14.0 months vs 10.2 months; 1-year survival rates were 67.74%(21/31)vs 33.33%(10/30)(P0.05). The toxicities that occurred in the two group included bone marrow suppression,nausea/vomiting, alopecia, peripheral neurotoxicity,impaired liver function,impaired renal function and phlebitis. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the incidence of toxicites.Conclusions:In the treantment of advanced NSCLC , compared to conventional administration in delivery of the drugs, continuous infusion of paclitaxel can increase response rate and significantly improve 1-year survival fraction without the increase of toxicities.

0.05) were found between 2 method s. A modified in vitro inhibi tion assay without refreshing medium during a period of 72 h is established by r eduction of initial parasitemia from 1% to 0.2% 0.5%.

Objective To prepare and characterize monoclonal antibody against a malaria vaccine candidate, PfCP-2.9 chimeric protein of Plasmodium falciparum. Methods BALB/c mice were immunized with PfCP-2.9,and the spleen cells were used for fusion with SP2/0 cells. The monoclonal antibodies were analyzed by ELISA,Western blotting as well as growth inhibition assay. Result A monoclonal antibody was obtained. It interacted with the PfCP-2.9 recombinant protein by ELISA and Western blotting. The interaction of the monoclonal antibody with the protein was reduction-sensitive,indicating that the antibody recognized a conformational epitope. Moreover,the antibody also recognized the cultured parasites of P.falciparum by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test(IFA). When tested by growth inhibition assay,the antibody significantly inhibited parasite growth in vitro of 56% inhibition rate at the antibody concentration of 0.3 mg/ml. Conclusion A monoclonal antibody against PfCP-2.9 malaria vaccine candidate has been obtained,which recognizes a conformational epitope of the protein and natural protein.

AIM: To compare the main saponins extracted respectively from the fruits and the whole plant of Tribulus terrestris L. and study its marked component. METHODS: Using C 18 ODS column and Refractive Index Detector, we compared the main saponins extracted respectively from the fruits and the whole plant of Tribulus terrestris L. in quantity by RP-HPLC. RESULTS: Tigogeniin contents from herb and its fruit had distinct difference between them (P

ObjectiveTo study the value of the exfoliative cytology of prostatic fluid obtained from patients with elevated PSA in prostate cancer diagnosis.MethodsProstatic fluid was obtained from 130 patients with elevated PSA before prostate biopsy and then the Wright's stain and cytological class were done.Each cytological class and patient's age,PSA,total prostate volume,prostatic fluid volume and the number of leukocyte in the prostatic fluid were recorded.The relationship of leukocyte number and patient's age,PSA and prostate volume was analyzed by Spearman correlation test.ResultsProstate biopsy pathology results showed that there were 77 (59.2％) cancer cases and 53 (40.8％) non-cancer cases.Patient numbers in cytological class 1 to 5 were 28 (21.5％),32 (24.6％),22 (16.9％),36 (27.7％),12(9.2％),respectively.The prostate fluid cytology had a specificity of 100％ and high sensitivity of 62.5％(10/16) in patients with PSA≥20 μg/L.PSA value had significant difference between class 1,2,3,4and 5.Significant correlation was found among the prostatic fluid volume,total leukocyte number and prostate volume.Prostate volume,leukycyte density and total leukycyte number was significant higher in noncancer patients than in prostate cancer patients.ConclusionsThe exfoliative cytology of prostatic fluid is a valuable method in detecting prostate cancer,particularly in patients with high PSA levels.It has the advantages of non-invasion and less injury than prostate biopsy.There is a relationship between elevated PSA value and high leukocyte numbers.

BACKGROUND: LY01005 (Goserelin acetate sustained-release microsphere injection) is a modified gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist injected monthly. This phase III trial study aimed to evaluated the efficacy and safety of LY01005 in Chinese patients with prostate cancer. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial across 49 sites in China. This study included 290 patients with prostate cancer who received either LY01005 or goserelin implants every 28 days for three injections. The primary efficacy endpoints were the percentage of patients with testosterone suppression ≤50 ng/dL at day 29 and the cumulative probability of testosterone ≤50 ng/dL from day 29 to 85. Non-inferiority was prespecified at a margin of -10%. Secondary endpoints included significant castration (≤20 ng/dL), testosterone surge within 72 h following repeated dosing, and changes in luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prostate specific antigen levels. RESULTS: On day 29, in the LY01005 and goserelin implant groups, testosterone concentrations fell below medical-castration levels in 99.3% (142/143) and 100% (140/140) of patients, respectively, with a difference of -0.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], -3.9% to 2.0%) between the two groups. The cumulative probabilities of maintaining castration from days 29 to 85 were 99.3% and 97.8%, respectively, with a between-group difference of 1.5% (95% CI, -1.3% to 4.4%). Both results met the criterion for non-inferiority. Secondary endpoints were similar between groups. Both treatments were well-tolerated. LY01005 was associated with fewer injection-site reactions than the goserelin implant (0% vs . 1.4% [2/145]). CONCLUSION: LY01005 is as effective as goserelin implants in reducing testosterone to castration levels, with a similar safety profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04563936.
Humans ; Male ; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use* ; East Asian People ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists* ; Goserelin/therapeutic use* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Testosterone