AIM: To investigate influence of biomimetic nanoapatite coatings of titanium surface on behavior of osteoblasts-like and provide evidence for surface modification and biological effects of titanium implant.METHODS: Biomimetic nanoapatite coatings were developed by functionally modified methods with a combination of topographic,chemical and biomimetic treatments on the surface of titanium(Ti) substrate.The biological behavior and bioactivity of functionally modified SLA implants with chemical and biomimetic treatments(SCB-treated Ti) were investigated to compare with untreated Ti and SLA Ti plates as controls.The cell attachment,proliferation,alkaline phosphotase(ALP) activity,cell morphology and differentiation were evaluated by using MTT,RT-PCR,scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and confocal laser-scanning microscope(CLSM) analysis system.RESULTS: The cell adhesion and proliferation were enhanced on functionalized titanium surface with nano-scale apatite compared to the controls.SEM micrographs also revealed that the osteoblast-like cells spreadly grew along the surface.Cell morphology and differentiation were further observed distinctly by CLSM graphs.Moreover,mRNA expression of alkaline phosphotase on the SCBtreated Ti increased obviously on the twelfth day compared with the controls.CONCLUSION: The in vitro results demonstrate the remarkable improvement on cell adhesion and proliferation of the biomimetic nanoapatite on SCB-treated Ti,which could improve early bone-implant interface bonding ability and be used for orthopaedic/dental implants.

Objective: To observe the biocompatibility of acellular nerve scaffold (ANS) via three sterilization methods, to provide experimental data for tissue engineering industrialization. Methods: Pig sciatic nerves were cut and treated using the NaOH maceration method. ANSs were sterilized by ethylene oxide, ~(60)Co-irradiation and peracetic acid. Evaluated the biocompatibility by MTT, cellular compatibility test, collagenase susceptibility test in vitro and local implantation test. Results: ANS retained the integrity of structure and major components of the basement membrane. The result of MTT test showed that the ANSs via different sterilization methods had statistical differences. There were no overall significant differences in Collagenase susceptibility test. Scanning electron microscope results showed the skin fibroblasts could attach, proliferate and grow well on the surface and holes of ANS with sterilization of PAA and Co~(60),a small quantity of cells adhered on ANS with sterilization of ETO. Tests for local effects after implantation show that different sterilization methods don't effect the ability of ANS to resist the enzyme degradation. In ETO group, rats showed an acute inflammatory response followed by chronic inflammation. In PAA and ~(60)Co group rats showed an acute inflammatory response that diminished such that the graft ultimately became indistinguishable from native tissue, observations that were consistent with graft acceptance. Conclusion: Peracetic acid sterilization offers a convenient alternative protocol for ANS processing. ANS sterilized with PAA shows good compatibility and biologic safety. It is an ideal sterilization method for ANS.

OBJECTIVE To develop a macroarray method to detect pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid.METHODS According to the bacterial 16S rRNA genes,designed 10 kinds of specific probes and a pair of universal primers that can amplify rRNA gene of all bacteria.The tailed probes were spotted onto a nylon membrane.DNA was isolated from each pathogen,and subjected to UP-PCR to amplify target fragments,which were labeled with bio-16-dUTP at the same time.All those denatured fragments were hybridized to the probes on nylon membrane and visualized by AKP labeled avidin.The sensitivity and specificity of the system were detected.A total of 32 CSF samples,which were verified the bacterial infection by the routine method,were tested by this method.RESULTS It was sensitive to 10 CFU/ml when detecting Escherichia coli.Every kind of pathogens only reacted to its corresponding probes fixed on nylon membranes,which showed high specificity.The result of identifying 32 CSF clinical specimens accorded with that of routine method.CONCLUSIONS The method can screen out common pathogens in CSF sensitively and exactly.

Objective To analyze the space-time characteristic of traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by Chinese Wenchuan earthquake and discuss opportunity and mode of medical intervention. Methods A retrospective study was done on 92 patients with TBI admitted into our department during Chinese Wanchuan earthquake.Results All 92 patients came from champaign located at northwest of Chengdu. Of all, 76 patients were admitted within 12 hours after earthquake. Surgical operation Wag done on 10 patients, of whom 3 died.Conclusions In the early period after earthquake, TBI patients make a large proportion and have fast change of injury severity. All patients come from champaign with conven-ient transportation. For TBI patients, early emergent operation after admission can significantly elevate success rate of mcdical intervention.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of anterolateral thigh flow-through chimeric perforator free flap transplantation in the treatment of upper limb complex tissue defects with main artery injury.Methods:The study was a retrospective observational study. From May 2019 to January 2022, 11 patients with upper limb complex tissue defects combined with main artery injury who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Hand, Foot and Ankle Surgery of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, including 7 males and 4 females, aged from 18 to 56 years. After debridement, the area of skin and soft tissue defects was from 20 cm×6 cm to 32 cm×10 cm, and the exposed area of dead cavity or deep tissue was from 7 cm×4 cm to 10 cm×7 cm. Three patients had radial artery defects with a length of 4 to 7 cm; two patients had ulnar artery defects with a length of 5 to 8 cm; 4 patients had defects in both ulnar and radial arteries with a length of 3 to 7 cm; and in two patients, the ulnar, radial and brachial arteries were all defective with a length of 4 to 8 cm. The anterolateral thigh flow-through chimeric perforator flap was designed and cut. The skin flap area was from 22 cm×7 cm to 32 cm×11 cm, the chimeric muscle flap area was from 7 cm×4 cm to 10 cm×7 cm, and the length of the flow-through vessel in the "T" shaped vessel pedicle was from 4 to 8 cm. When transplanting the skin flap, the proximal end of the vascular pedicle was anastomosed with the proximal end of the recipient site, and the distal end of the vascular pedicle was anastomosed with the more normal blood vessel at the distal end of the forearm; the invalid cavity was filled with the muscle flap. The donor site wounds of tissue flap were closed directly or treated with skin grafting. After operation, the blood supply and survival of the flap, the survival of the distal limb, and the survival of the skin graft at the flap donor site were observed. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed to observe the patency of the proximal and distal anastomotic arteries from 2 to 4 weeks after surgery. During follow-up, the texture of the flap, the survival of the grafted skin and the healing of the donor area were observed.Results:One patient (complete forearm disconnection) developed distal limb blood disorder on 5 days after surgery. CTA examination suggested embolization of the distal anastomosis of the flow-through artery. more muscle and skin and soft tissue necrosis of the distal limb showed in emergency exploration. So, amputation was performed ultimately. No vascular crisis occurred in the skin flaps of the remaining 10 patients, and all skin flaps, distal limbs and the skin grafts in flap donor sites survived well. Two to 4 weeks after surgery, the proximal and distal ends of the anastomosed arteries were good in the patency. Follow-up for 11-37 months, the flap texture was good, and all donor site wounds healed well.Conclusions:The use of anterolateral thigh flow-through chimeric perforator flap to repair upper limb complex tissue defects accompanied by main artery injury can improve the success rate of limb salvage, which can be promoted in clinical practice.

Objective:To ascertain the basic situation of radiotherapy in Fujian in 2016.Methods:Based on the unified questionnaire, the types and quantity of radiotherapy and its corollary equipment, the number of radiotherapy staff and the work for quality control were surveyed in the radiotherapy units in the whole province, and the data on patients undergoing radiotherapy and other types of patients were collected from 26 hospitals. The total number of radiotherapy patients in the whole province was estimated by the correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results:Radiotherapy was performed in a total of 32 hospitals in Fujian province in 2016. Among them, there were 62 sets of radiotherapy equipment, 33 sets of the simulators, 57 sets of treatment planning systems and 762 workers. The total number of 15 156 radiotherapy patients in 26 hospital were available for the survey. Multiple linear regression models showed that the frequency of application of medical electron accelerator was positively correlated with number of outpatients, emergency patients and inpatients, number of radiotherapy staff, number of electron accelerators ( r=0.311, 0.893, 0.956, P<0.05). Meanwhile, the frequency of aterloading brachytherapy was positively correlated with number of outpatients, emergency patients and inpatients, number of radiotherapy staff, number of aterloading brachytherapy units ( r=0.307, 0.966, 0.988, P<0.05). The frequency of radiotherapy was 0.54 patients per 1 000 population in Fujian in 2016. The delivered dose calibration of accelerators was performed in all hospitals involved in line with the relevant regulations, but the number of quality control equipment for radiotherapy was insufficient, such as the QA beam checker or well-type ionization chamber. Conclusions:In recent years, the rapid development of radiotherapy has been seen in Fujian province. The radiotherapy management should focus on standardenized and improved quality control and regulation in future.

Objective:To investigate the differences in applicability of both the portable high-purity germanium (HPGe) γ spectrometer and the portable lanthanum bromide (LaBr) γ spectrometer for measuring thyroid 131I activity and internal exposure monitoring for radiation workers. Method:Both DETECTIVE-DX100-KT portable HPGe γ spectrometer and InSpector 1000 portable LaBr γ spectrometer were used to measure the 131I content in thyroid of radiation workers for comparison of the measuring result, minimum detectable activity (MDA) and corresponding annual committed effective doses between two types of spectrometers. Results:The detection rate of 131I in thyroid of radiation workers was 67.7% for HPGe γ spectrometer and 26.2% for LaBr γ spectrometer, respectively. The MDA was 12.26-14.74 Bq (measuring time: 3-5 min) for HPGe γ spectrometer and 56.56-80.37 Bq for LaBr γ spectrometer (measuring time: 2-4 min). The annual committed effective dose corresponding to MDA was 0.07-0.08 mSv (3-5 min) for HPGe and 0.31-0.45 mSv (2-4 min) for LaBr, respectively, in the case of using chronic continuous intake mode and 7 d monitoring period. Conclusions:The minimum detectable activity (MDA) of the two types of portable spectrometers could meet the requirements specified in GBZ 129-2016 Specifications for individual monitoring of occupational internal exposure for thyroid monitoring equipment. The two types of spectrometers could be used for routine monitoring of internal contamination. The difference between the monitoring result of LaBr γ and HPGe γ spectrometers might be due to such factors as large uncertainty in short measuring time and low activity concentrations, incomplete identical of distance between probe and neck, probe angle setting, different response of equipment to the environment, background deduction method.

The gross specimens and tissue slices used for traditional experimental pathology curriculum are fragile, and some specimens or slices are difficult to be supplemented. Besides, the classroom and schedule for experimental pathology teaching are inflexible. Therefore, the teaching effects for experimental pathology course are limited. The development of digital technology has promoted the teaching reform of medical experimental curriculum. We have digitalized the gross specimens and tissue slices to preserve and expand the samples, and constructed pathological sample repository containing both physical samples and digital samples. Furthermore, we have established a platform for remote access, and thus improved the flexibility and autonomy of study for experimental pathology curriculum. Additionally, we have integrated clinical information of the teaching samples, and interpreted the specimens with the assistance of two-dimensional code technology and voice broadcast technology, to realize human-computer interactive learning. The questionnaire shows that the application of pathological sample repository in experimental teaching has improved student learning effect and recognition.

Objective:To ascertain the activity concentration of gross α and β in foods around Fuqing nuclear power plant (NPP) site.Methods:Totally 167 food samples of 25 kinds within 6 categories were collected from the surveillance areas and control areas around Fuqing NPP site. The total radioactivity was analyzed using the food samples. Paired rank sum test was used to determine the influence of the operation of Fuqing NPP on the total radioactivity in foods in surrounding areas. The multiple local rank sum test was used to assess the difference in total radioactivity in different types of foods.Results:The average gross α in poultry meat, vegetables, crops, aquatic products, milk and tea was 0.65, 1.96, 1.41, 3.80, 1.33, 7.67 Bq/kg in surveillance areas and 0.56, 3.24, 2.04, 3.70, 2.24, 9.05 Bq/kg in reference areas, respectively, around Fuqing NPP site. The average gross β (subtracting 40K) in poultry meat, vegetables, crops, aquatic products, milk and tea was 7.0, 10.5, 6.1, 23.5, 24.7, 8.6 Bq/kg in surveillance areas and 7.4, 8.3, 14.5, 22.1, 21.3, 11.0 Bq/kg in reference areas, respectively, around Fuqing NPP site. The Wilcoxon paired rank test showed that there was no significant difference in the gross α and β in foods between surveillance and reference areas around Fuqing NPP site ( P>0.05). The Kruskal-Wallis H test showed that the radioactivity of gross α and β in different foods was statistically significant ( χ2=23.325, 13.918, P<0.05). Conclusions:The increase was not found in total radioactivity in the surrounding foods since the operation of Fuqing NPP in 2015.

Objective To estimate the application frequency of X-ray diagnosis in Fujian province in 2016 based on the examination number survey in sampled hospitals in 9 cities.Methods Using the national unified questionnaire and stratified typical sampling method,a total of 43 hospitals in 9 cities of Fujian province were selected for the survey.The survey information mainly contained the basic situation of sampled hospitals and the number of X-ray diagnostic examinees.The basic situation included the numbers of out-patient and emergency care,in-patient,X-ray diagnostic equipment and radiological staff,and the examinees were further classified by examination types,gender,ages and beam positions.Furthermore,based on the survey result,a prediction model of the application frequency of X-ray diagnosis in Fujian province was established,and the frequency in 2016 was also estimated.Results There were 418 sets of X-ray diagnostic equipment,and 1 230 radiological diagnostic staff in the 43 hospitals.The total number of out-patient,emergency care and in-patient was 30 919 162,and the number of X-ray diagnostic examinations was 4 277 518 in the hospitals in 2016.In 2016,the application frequency of X-ray diagnosis in Fujian province was estimated to be 695 examinations per thousand population.Among them,the frequencies of conventional X-ray photography and CT examinations were 373 and 293 examinations per thousand population,respectively.Conclusions Through this survey,the general situation of X-ray diagnostic application in Fujian province in 2016 was grasped,so as to provide reference data for improving the regulations and standards of radiation health protection and strengthening the supervision and management of the application of X-ray diagnostic equipment in Fujian province.