Notch signaling pathway plays a key role in the development and fate of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes,and may be a therapeutic target in alloimmunity.In this paper,we reviewed the functions of Notch signaling pathway in the activation and differentiation of T lymphocyte and formation of memory T cell subsets,and its role in the alloimmunity.Selective inhibition of multiple Notch receptors and ligands in a solid organ transplantation model can successfully modulate the allograft immune response and influence the balance between immune effector cells and regulatory cells,which suggests that selective targeting of Notch signaling pathway is expected to become a new immunomodulatory therapy for organ transplantation.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of aminoglycoside resistance of extend-ed-spectrum β-lactamases(ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli(E, cold and expression of aminoglyco-side-modifying enzyme genes. Methods The minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of gentamicin,amikacin, kanamycin, tobramycin, netilmicin and neomycin for 37 strains of ESBLs-producing E. Coli were detected by agar dilution. In addition, six aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes were amplified by polymersae chain reaction(PCR) and verified by DNA sequencing. Results MICand MIC90 of gentamicin, amikacin, kanamycin, tobramycin and netilmicin for 37 strains of ESBLs-producing E. Co-Il all excelled 256 μg/mL, the resistance rates of the above antibiotics were 78.4%, 45.9%, 72.9%,83.8%and 64.90%, respectively. However, neomycin still had powerful antibacterial activity. In ad-dition, five modifying enzyme genes, including aac(3)-Ⅱ , aac(6′)-Ⅰ b, aac(6′)-Ⅱ , ant(2″)-Ⅰ and ant(3″)- Ⅰ genes, were found in 37 isoaltes except aac(3)- Ⅰ , and their positive rates were 56.8%,27.0 %, 2.7 %, 5.4 % and 13. 5 %, respectively. Conclusion The aminoglycoside resistance of ES-BLs-producing E. Coil may be associated with the expression of aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes.

Proteomics analysis of multiple sclerosis will provide more molecular pathology information about it.With appropriated methods of sample preparation,protein separation and identification,some proteins related to multiple sclerosis could be found and helpful for diagnosis,treatment and prophylaxis.This will improve the final diagnosis ratio of suspected cases and offer clue of drug and gene therapy exploration.Intervention of the related protein ameliorate symptom and release relapse.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment, and factors of recurrence of abdominal wall endometrioms ( AWE). Methods 19 cases of AWE diagnosed at Shaoxing People' s Hospital from January 2005 to April 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. Results All patients had a history of cesarean section. Eleven patients (57.9%) had the typical complaint of an enlarging mass and pain during menstruation. All patients received surgical excision and postoperative adjuvant therapy of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) or Mifepristone treatment for 6 months. The diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination in all patients. At follow- up, ranging from 1 month to 3 years, there was 1 case of recurrence of endometrioms during a follow -up of 2 years. Conclusion AWE could be diagnosed easily by its typical clinical manifestations preoperatively. Sonography or MRI may be helpful in identifying the exact anatomical location of the lesion and in excluding other surgical conditions, however it lacks specificness. Surgical excision is the only effective treatment, and complete and wide local excision is the key point to prevent recurrence. Combination surgical excision with postoperative adjuvant therapy might reduce the recurrence, although its effectiveness need being testified in the future.

The anti-varicella-zoster virus (VZV) antibody titers were determined with the method of enzyme linked SPA in sera from 68 patients with herpe, zoster(HZ) and in sera from 35 controls. The results were as follows: In the first week after the onset of HZ, the VZV antibody titers were low in the majority of patients and there was a positive correlation with the severity of patient's pain, but no correlation with patient's age. The titers of VZV antibody were markedly elevated during the 2nd and 3rd week after disease onset, and in this period, there was a positive correlation with patient's age and severity of pain, i. e. higher titers of VZV antibody were usually found in older patients with more severe pain. In patients without postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), the titers of VZV antibody almost returned to normal level in 6 months after HZ episode, but in patients with PHN, the titers of this antibody still remained in high level after 1 to 2 years, which showed that there was a close relation between the PHN and VZV antibody. The VZV antibodies in control group were negative or within normal range.

Objective To explore the expression status of carbonic anhydrase Ⅲ (CA Ⅲ) from quadriceps femoris muscle in two kinds of muscle clinical phenotype (skeletal muscle atrophy group and skeletal muscles non-atrophy group) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Totally 37 inpatients from our hospital,were divided into 11 patients without COPD and 26 patients with COPD,in addition,according to body mass index,fat free mass index and quadriceps cross-section diameter,patients with COPD were divided into 14 skeletal muscles non-atrophy patients (SMNA)and 12 skeletal muscle atrophy patients (SMA).CA Ⅲ concentration of femoris quadriceps specimens was quantitatively determined using Western blot methods,CA Ⅲ mRNA expression levels of femoris quadriceps specimens were also quantitatively measured using RT-PCR,then compared among the 3 groups.Results There was significant difference in CA Ⅲ quantitative concentration and CA Ⅲ mRNA expression level in each group (P ＜ 0.05),further more,CA Ⅲ concentration expression level was significantly higher (P ＜ 0.01)in SMA group (1.260 ± 0.068) than in SMNA group (1.110 ± 0.014),the latter was significantly higher (P ＜ 0.01) than in the control group (1.000 ± O.062).CA Ⅲ mRNA expression level was significantly higher(P ＜ 0.01) in SMNA group(2.170 ±0.412) than in the control group(1.000 ±0.115),and was significantly lower than in SMA group (3.770 ± 0.788 ; P ＜ O.01).CA Ⅲ concentration and CA Ⅲ mRNA expression level increased at equal pace in SMNA group and SMA group,however,CA Ⅲ quantitative concentration and CA Ⅲ mRNA expression level were inconsistent in the two groups.Conclusion The expression status of CA Ⅲ in quadriceps femoris muscle was different in two kinds of muscle clinical phenotype of COPD.

Objective To explore and compare the effect of sevoflurane and disoprofol to inflammatory factors in patients received abdominal surgeries.Methods Patients with sevoflurane and disoprofol respectively were anaesthetized and detected IL-6,IL-8,IL-10 and TNF-α in their serum at T1 (when anesthesia induction),T2 (after anesthesia induction),T3 (30min after beginning of operations) and T4 (after operations).Results Compared with T1,the serum level of IL-6,IL-8,IL-10 and TNF-α increased significantly in all patients(all P ＜ 0.05) ; Compared with disoprofol group,the serum level of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α increased significantly (all P ＜ 0.05) ; Compared with sevoflurane group,the serum level of IL-10 increased significantly(all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Intravenous anesthesia with disoprofol in patients receiving abdominal operations is proper for maintenance of inflammatory balance.

Objective To discuss the cumulative effect of acupuncture on left ST40 to hemodynamic of PCA.Methods Sixteen healthy young people were randomly chosen to be acupunctured on left ST40 and parameters of TCD such as Vs,Vd,Vm,PI and RI were managed to be recorded sequentially at the 5 points below to make out an statistical analysis:10 min before acupuncture; the time of inserting the needles; 15 min after retaining the needles; the time when taking the needles out; 10 min after the acupunture.Results The parameters of TCD Vs,Vd,Vm 10min after withdrawing the needle [Were ( 84.56± 19.72) cm/s、( 39.75 ±10.15 ) cm/s、(56.13 ± 14.73 ) cm/s each] all showed a decline compared with the parameters 10min before acupuncture(P＜0.05),while other parameters turned out to be almost the same (P＞0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture on left ST40 has cumulative effect on Vs,Vd and Vm,which suggest us the needle retention time should be noted.

Objective To discuss the effect of psychological intervention on prevention of posloperation infection in patients with breast cancer .Methods 336 patients with breast cancer after operation were divided into the control group and the intervention group with 168 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing while the intervention group Was given psychological intervention based upon routine nursing.The incidence of postopemtion infection was observed in the two groups.Results Incidenc of infection took place in 27 patients(8.04%)among 336 cases.The incidence rate infection in the control group was 12.50%,which was evidently higher than that of the intervention group(3.57%),x2=9.06,P＜0.01.The infection location and time in the intervention group was better than that of the control group.Conclusion Psychological intervention could reduce the incidence rate of posteperation infection in patients with breast cancer.

Objective To observe the effect of TGF‐β1 in the endothelial‐mesenchymal transition EndM T of glomeruli ,and to explore the effect of TGF‐β/Smad signaling pathway mediated by integrin linked kinase(ILK ) in the progress of renal fibrosis . Methods Human glomerular endothelial cells (HGEnC) incubated in vitro were divided into blank control group ,TGF‐β1 (12 .5 , 25 .0 ,50 .0 ng/mL) group .TGF‐β1 50 .0 ng/mL receptor type one antagonist (LY364749)5 .0 μmol/L group ,ILK (QLT‐0267)5 .0μmol/L antagonist group .The mRNA level of P‐Smad 2/3 and ILK was determined by RT‐PCR ,and the protein level of P‐Smad 2/3 ,ILK ,E‐cadherin ,CD31 ,α‐SMA and FSP‐1 was determined by Western blot after 48 h and 72 h after incubation in each group un‐der the above‐mentioned condition .Results (1)TGF‐β1 could significantly increased the mRNA level of P‐Smad2/3 and ILK (P<0 .01) ,and the protein level of P‐Smad2/3 ,ILK ,E‐cadherin ,CD31 ,α‐SMA as well as FSP‐1 (P < 0 .01) in the concentration‐de‐pendent manner ,but significantly decreased the protein level of E‐cadherin and CD31 ( P < 0 .01) in the concentration‐dependent manner ;(2)TGF‐β1 receptor type one antagonist and ILK antagonist significantly inhibited the increasing mRNA level of ILK (P<0 .01) ,and the protein level of ILK ,E‐cadherin ,CD31 ,α‐SMA as well as FSP‐1 (P< 0 .01) induced by TGF‐β1 in the concentration‐dependent manner ,and significantly inhibited the decreasing protein level of E‐cadherin and CD31 induced by TGF‐β1 in the concen‐tration‐dependent manner(P< 0 .01) ;(3)TGF‐β1 receptor type one antagonist significantly inhibited the increasing mRNA and pro‐tein level of P‐Smad2/3(P< 0 .01) ,but ILK antagonist had no effect to the increased mRNA and protein level of P‐Smad2/3 (P>0 .05) .Conclusion TGF‐β1 as the effector molecule in downstream can promote endothelial‐mesenchymal transition of HGEnC ,and TGF‐β/Smad signaling pathway mediated integrin linked kinase participate in this process ,which probably play important role in the progress of renal fibrosis .