Objective To explore indications, ablated targets, efficacy and complications of microelectrode-guided thalamotomy and pallidotomy for treating Parkinson's disease(PD). Methods The clinical date of 225 PD patients underwent microelectrode guided thalamotomy and/or pallidotomg were retrospectively analyzed with UPDRS scores. Results The outcome of operation was excellent.The rate of improvement for tremor, rigidity, gait, balance and bradykinesia were 98 0%, 89 0%, 72 8%, 70 5% and 47 8% respectively. Postoperative motor UPDRS scores of both "on"/"off"states significantly decreased by 54 4% and 62 6% respectively. The frequency of post-operative complications was such as the following: bleeding caused by puncturing (0 48%),transient hiccup(6 7%), temporary dysarthria(5 5%), transient somnolence(10 0%) and mental disorder(4 5%). There were no severe and permanent complications. Conclusions The thalamotomy and/or pallidotomy guided by the microelectrode were the effective and safe method for treatment of PD, but the indications of this surgery should be well familiarize. The ablated target selection and its precise localization were of key importance for a better outcome.

Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin E administration on the urinary level of 8-iso prostaglandin F_(2?)(8-iso- PGF_(2?))in the patients with cerebral infarction.Methods 28 patiems with acute cerebral infarction were involved in this study according to the selection criteria.They were divided into two groups:patients in test group(n=14)were treated with vitamin E,and those in control group(n=14)were not treated with vitamin E.No significant differences existed in age,gender ratio,blood pressure,lipids level and lo- cation and level of the cerebral infarct focus between two groups.The contents of urinary 8-iso-PGF_(2?) were measured in each urinary speci- men,meanwhile the levels of vitamin E and low density lipoprotein(LDL)were determined in each plasma specimen within 24 hours after onset of cerebral infarct and two weeks later.Results The concentration of urinary 8-iso-PGF_(2?) collected at two weeks after onset from pa- tients of test group was significantly lower than that of the control group(85.20?9.17 vs 91.36?4.24ng/mmol creatinine,P0.05).Conclusions The content of urinary 8-iso-PGF_(2?) and the level of oxidative stress in vivo could be decreased in the patients with acute cerebral infarction after being treated with vitamin E.

Objective To investigate the impact of smoking on the level of urinary 8-iso prostaglandin (PG) F2? (8-iso-PGF2?) of patients with acute cerebral infarction. 8-iso-PGF2? is a product of arachidonic acid catalyzed by free-radical, and it has been identified as an indicator of oxidative stress in vivo during reperfusion. Methods Plasma and urine samples were obtained from 28 patients with acute cerebral infarction. Among them 14 patients with no smoking habit were chosen as control group according to the selection criterion, and the other 14 patients with smoking habit were chosen as investigation group according to the same criterion. There was no significant difference between the two groups in age, gender ratio, blood pressure, lipids level, blood glucose, focus location, and degree of the cerebral focus of infaration. The concentration of urinary 8-iso PGF2? and levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), total cholesterol, LDL-triglyceride (TG) and LDL-free cholesterol in plasma were measured by enzyme immunoassay. The quantification of urinary 8-iso PGF2? and LDL levels in plasma were performed for each sample respectively. Results The concentration of urinary 8-epi PGF2? of the patients with smoking habit was significantly higher than that in the patients of control group (75.79?10.76 vs 67.36?9.18 ng/mmol creatinine, P0.05, respectively) between the two groups. Conclusions Cigarette smoking may raise the urinary 8-iso-PGF2? level of patients with acute cerebral infarction, suggesting an increase in the level of oxidative stress in vivo in these subjects.

Objectives To explore the effects of hypertension on the oxidative susceptibility of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 79 patients, 39 males and 40 females with mean age of 67?7, with hypertension accompanied by similar size of cerebral infarction in the perfusion domain of middle cerebral artery, were involved in this study. The hypertension was graded as follows: grade Ⅰ (n=27), the systolic blood pressure (SBP)/diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 140-159mmHg/90-99mmHg; grade Ⅱ (n=29) with SBP/DBP of 160-179mmHg/100-109mmHg; grade Ⅲ (n=23) with SBP/DBP exceeding 180mmHg/110mmHg. Serum concentrations of LDL were determined with enzymatic colorimetry employing an automated multianalyzer. The lag time (ox-LDL lag-time) in conjugated diene production at 234nm was determined by copper-stimulated oxidation. Results No statistical difference was found in LDL-total cholesterol, LDL-triglyceride, LDL-free cholesterol among grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ groups (6.1?0.4, 0.87?0.08, 1.6?0.7mmol/L; 5.7?0.6, 0.86?0.05, 1.8?0.9mmol/L; and 5.6?0.7, 0.87?0.1, 1.7?0.8mmol/L, respectively). Correlation analysis showed the lag time in conjugated diene production in patients with cerebral infarction was negatively related to the grade of hypertension in all the subjects, and the lag time in grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ groups was 84.26?8.491, 69.84?7.748 and 61.95?8.482 min, respectively (r=0.673 3, P

Objective To study the protection of taurine(TAU) against apoptosis of neurons induced by manganese(Mn) in vitro. Method Cortex neurons were separated from Wistar neonatal rats and cultured in vitro.The assays began when neurons grew under the best conditions. Cells were randomly divided into 7 groups: control group,Mn-added groups (Mn 0.2,0.6 and 1.0 mmol/L respectively),TAU-intervened groups (1.5mmol/L TAU with Mn). All treatments lasted 24h. Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to observe the morphology of apoptosic neurons. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to quantitate neuron apoptosic rates. Results (1) Typical morphologic charateristic was found in Mn-added groups. TAU intervention could protect against the effect of 1.5mmol/l Mn on neurons. (2) FCM indicated that TAU can protect against neurons apoptosis induced by Mn. Conclusion Taurine can protect neurons from apoptosis induced by Mn in vitro.

BACKGROUND: Neural stem cells are a kind of special cells possessing self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation potential. They are ideal carriers for studying the occurence, development and development rule of nervous system and their inherent regulation mechanism of molecular biol ogy and cytology. They have wide applicative prospect in the treatment of nervous system disease and injury. Investigating a set of convenient, effective and useful culture system of neural stem cells cultured in vitro is the prerequisite and basis for application. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of serum culture medium containing basic fibroblast growth factor on the in vitro culture of neural stem cells of mice. DESIGN: Single-sample observation. SETTING: Department of Histology and Embryology, Youjiang Nationality Medical College. MATERIALS: Five 2-month-old Kunming white mice of either sex were used in this experiment. METHODS: This experiment was carried out at the Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangxi Medical University from June 2003 to May 2005. ① The cerebral cortical cells were isolated from cerebral cortex and cultured in vitro of the adult mouse cerebral cortex and made into cell suspension , then put in the DMEM/F12 (1:1)culture medium (containing fetal bovine serum of 0.15 volume fraction, basic fibroblast growth factor of 20 μg/L, penicillin of 100 u/mL and streptomycin of 100 u/mL ) .The attachment culture method was used to acquire the clone cells. ② Expression of nestin antigen of clone cells was detected with immunohistochemical technique. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Morphological observation of cultured cells. ② Observation of cultured cells stained by haematoxylin and eosin . ③ Identification of neural stem cells. RESULTS: ① Morphological observation of cultured cells: After inoculation, most of the cells attached to the wall within 12 hours, cells were thin and flat. 3 days after inoculation, cells began to grow and proliferate. There were several scores to several hundreds of cell clones on the 5th day after inoculation and cells covered 80%-90% of the bottom of the bottle on the 7th to 8th days. After passage, the cells still grew adhesively with regular cellular morphology and clear borderline. ② Observation of cultured cells stained by haematoxylin and eosin: It was shown that the cells presented round or ellipse. There was little cytoplasm, presenting acidophily. Nucleus was big and round, single in the center, deep stained.③ Identification of neural stem cells: Immunofluorescent detection showed that cell nestin antigen positive. CONCLUSION: After cultured in serum culture medium containing basic fibroblast growth factor, cerebral cortex cells possess very strong reproductive activity and express nestin antigen, still possessing the characteristics of neural stem cells.

ObjectiveTo investigate the etiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of regional portal hypertension caused by left upper abdominal malignant tumors.MethodsFrom January 2006 to December 2009, a total of 8 patients presenting regional portal hypertension were treated at our hospital, whose clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsPancreatic tumors (5/8) and retroperitoneal tumors(3/8)were the primary etiology,andthe main symptoms included upper gastrointestinal bleeding and irregular left upper abdominal pain.Isolated gastric varices were the most distinct clinical features. All patients underwent multi-visceral resection including pancreatic body and tail and spleen. Tumor involved stomach, left kidney, left adrenal and splenic flexure of colon were also removed en bloc. During the follow-up period there was no recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding, one patient died and two patients developed metastasis or tumor local recurrence.ConclusionRegional portal hypertension caused by malignant tumor was relatively rare,aggressive resection of multi-viscera combined with devascularization was an effective therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical characteristics and cognitive dysfunction of bipolar depression and unipolar depression. METHODS: Fifty patients with unipolar depression, 48 bipolar depression, and 50 normal controls were assessed with Hamilton Depression Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Life Events Scale, and The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. General demographic data, clinical data, and the scores of recognitive function in the 3 groups were compared. RESULTS: The patients with bipolar depression occured at young age and had obvious family history compared with those with unipolar depression. The patients with bipolar or unipolar disorders had lower scores in most neuropsychological tests than those in the control group (P<0.05). The patients with bipolar depression in understanding memory and Wisconsin card sorting test were worse than those with unipolar depression (P<0.05). CONCLUSION There is cognitive dysfunction in patients with bipolar or unipolar disorder. Understanding memory and executive function damage may be cognitive features in bipolar disorder.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Bipolar Disorder ; complications ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; China ; Cognition ; physiology ; Cognition Disorders ; complications ; physiopathology ; Depressive Disorder ; complications ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Young Adult

Psychiatric symptoms are common after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and some patients have poor drug therapeutic efficacy. We report a successfully treated case of psychiatric symptoms after TBI using deep brain stimulation (DBS) to the anterior limb of internal capsule (ALIC)-nucleus accumbens (NAc) in a 76-year-old woman. The patient suffered from auditory hallucination, mood changes, and insomnia caused by TBI. Psychological test assessment showed the scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale were 30, 35, and 96 respectively. Head magnetic resonance imaging scan showed right temporal lobe encephalomalacia. Head magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) showed bilateral basal ganglia choline increased relatively. After DBS to the ALIC-NAc, the target parameters were adjusted. The psychiatric symptoms were completely improved and the result of head MRS was normal in the end. The current report declares that DBS is reversible, adjustable and safe in the treatment of psychiatric symptoms caused by TBI. DBS to the ALIC-NAc should be considered as a possible treatment choice once a patient showed psychiatric symptoms after TBI.

Objective To study the surgical skills, clinical effects and complications prevention of microelectrode as-sisted stereotactic surgery in treatment of Parkinson's disease. Methods A total of 456 cases of patients with Parkin-son's disease were treated with microelectrode assisted stereotactic surgery. Surgical skills were summarized and post-operative symptoms improvement and complications were analyzed. Results The recent total effective rate was 97.59%without serious or permanent complications. Conclusion Stereotactic surgery is a safe and effective treatment of Parkinson's disease. The precise positioning of target and surgical shills are keys to improving surgical outcome and re-ducing complications.