Objective To explore the differences and development of executive function(EF) between cerebral palsy(CP) children and normal children. Methods Forty-eight 4 ～6 years old CP children and fiftyeight normal children were tested by "cool" and "hot" EFs. Results There were significant differences between "cool" EF of CP children(18.34±14.31) and normal children(6.94 ±3. 18) ( t = 3. 83, P<0.01 ) ;and there were significant differences between "hot" EF of CP children(279.67 ±330. 18) and normal children(709.31 ± 304. 13)( t = -4.93, P< 0.01). There were significant age differences on the "cool" EF ( F=8.689, P< 0.01) and "hot" EF ( F=3. 833, P<0.05) of CP children. There were significant age differences on the "cool" EF ( F= 15.469, P<0.01) and on the "hot" EF ( F=8.470, P<0.01) of normal children. There was negative correlation between "cool" EFs and "hot" EFs( r= -0.440, P<0.01). Conclusion "Cool" and "hot" EFs of CP children are lower than those of normal children. "Cool" and "hot" EFs can develop from 4 to 6 years old,but the development of EFs are not absolutely consistent between CP children and normal children. There is correlation between "cool" and "hot" EFs in patients with CP,but not dissociation.

Objective To apply Six-minute Walk Test (6MWT) in acute stroke patients and analyze the results. Methods From Novem-ber, 2014 to January, 2015, 29 acute stroke patients with multiple or single infarction accepted 6MWT. The distance, distance per minute, blood pressure and heart rate before and after test, adverse events or discomforts during the test were recorded. Weak and fatigue scores were calculated. Results The mean of distance in acute stroke patients was (240.1±17.2) m, that was (46.8±3.3)%of the predicted values in the healthy. Male patients walked (255.4±21.40) m, not different from (214.9±28.4) m in female (t=-1.151, P=0.26). The distance liked to be negatively correlated with age (r=-0.356, P=0.058). The distance was similar in each minute. Weak score was (46.8±3.3)%, fatigue score was mostly between-20 and 20, and no correlation was found between them. Blood pressure and heart rate increased significantly at the end of the test (t>2.476, P<0.05). Few of patients complained mild discomforts. Conclusion 6MWT is safe and suitable for acute stroke patients for physical mobility judgement, but adverse events need to be cared.

Gastric xanthoma, also known as gastric macular tumor or gastric lipid island, is a benign lesion that occurs in the gastric mucosa as a result of fatty deposits. Its etiology and pathogenesis are not yet clear, and may be related to gastric mucosal damage and repair, intestinal metaplasia, and abnormal lipid metabolism. Gastric xanthoma can be seen in any part of the stomach, usually in gastric antrum and pylorus region. Gastric xanthoma is reported to be associated with increased risk of early gastric cancer. This article reviewed the progress of research on correlation between gastric xanthoma and gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.

OBJECTIVE: To screen for Vel- rare blood type donors and determine the frequency of SMIM1 c.64_80del allele in Yili Prefecture of Xinjiang, China. METHODS: DNA pooling and PCR-sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) was conducted to screen individuals carrying the SMIM1 c.64_80del variant, and Sanger sequencing of SMIM1 exon 3 was carried out to verify the genotype of those with the variation. SMIM1 intron 2 was also sequenced to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that may affect the expression of Vel antigen. RESULTS: Among 3328 blood donors, 14 were identified as heterozygotes for the SMIM1 c.64_80del allele, its allele frequency was 0.21%; no homozygous SMIM1 c.64_80 deletions was found. For SNP rs1175550, all of the 14 individuals had an AA genotype, among whom 5 carried heterozygous 7111ins GCA variant in intron 2. CONCLUSION The allelic frequency of SMIM1 c.64_80del in Yili area is approximately 0.21%, which is reported for the first time.
Alleles ; Blood Group Antigens/genetics* ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Variation/genetics* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/genetics* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics*

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) on calcium current induced by beta-amyloid protein 25-35 (Abeta25-35) in neurons of nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM). METHODS: Cell acute dissociated technique and the whole-cell recording model of patch-clamp technique of single-cell were used. The voltage-dependent calcium current in neurons of nbM was recorded in SD rats first. Then the effect of TanIIA on the voltage-dependent calcium current in the neurons was assayed. The change of calcium current induced by Abeta25-35 as well as the effect of TanIIA on the change of calcium current induced by Abeta25-35 in neurons of nbM were analyzed. RESULTS: Extracellular fluid containing different concentrations of TanIIA was irrigated, respectively. The peak current did not change obviously. There was no difference in current density between the TanIIA group and the control group at 0 mV (P>0.05). Extracellular fluid containing 200 nmol/L Abeta25-35 was irrigated after the normal calcium current recorded under whole patch clamp, and the peak current changed obviously. There was distinct difference in the current density between the Abeta group and the control group at 0 mV (P<0.05). Extracellular fluid containing Abeta25-35 and different concentrations of TanIIA were irrigated after the normal calcium current was recorded under whole patch clamp, respectively, and the peak current did not change. There was no difference in current density between the TanIIA +Abeta group and the control group at 0 mV (P>0.05). CONCLUSION In vitro, TanIIA could inhibit the calcium current amplification induced by Abeta25-35 in neurons of nbM. TanIIA may protect neurons against the toxicity of Abeta and decrease the inward flow of Ca(2+).
Abietanes ; pharmacology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; toxicity ; Animals ; Basal Nucleus of Meynert ; cytology ; metabolism ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Calcium Channels ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Neurons ; cytology ; metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Peptide Fragments ; toxicity ; Rats

Objective To investigate the effect of semen bacterial infection on semen parameters in male infertility patients and analyze of the drug resistance profile of the bacterial isolates. Methods According to the results of bacterial culture, the semen samples of 74376 infertile men collected between April, 2016 and April, 2017 were divided into infection group and non-infection group, and the infertility type and semen parameters were compared between the two groups. The bacterial species and the drug sensitivity of the isolates were analyzed. Results Bacterial infections were detected in 1.38％of the total semen samples collected. The positivity rate of semen bacterial infection was 1.41％in normal semen group, 1.55％in asthenospermia group, 1.18％ in oligospermia group, 1.57％ in asthenospermia/ oligospermia group, and 0.17％ in azoospermia group. The positivity rate was lower in azoospermia group than in the other groups. Bacterial infection mainly affected sperm motility (P<0.05), sperm density and forward motile sperm ratio (P<0.01). The most common bacterial species causing the infections included, in the descending order of frequencies, Escherichia coli (63.59％), Klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies (19.80％) and Proteus mirabilis (13.22％). Drug susceptibility tests showed that the isolates of Escherichiacoli, Pneumonia Klebsiella pneumonia subspecies and Citrobacter koseri were commonly resistant to amoxicillin; Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were resistant to Bactrim and ampicillin/sulbactam; Staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin. Conclusion Male infertile patients have a low bacterial infection rate in the semen. Bacterial infection severely affects the sperm fertilization process by causing impairment of sperm motility and lowered sperm density. Escherichia coli is the most common pathogenic bacterium for the semen infection. With the exception of Staphylococcus aureus, the other bacterial strains isolated were found to be sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.

BACKGROUND:In the process of exploring the mechanism of Alzheimer's disease,the important role of bioinformatics for common target screening has been revealed,enabling the use of its screening results as a basis for exploring the therapeutic effects of drugs on the disease. OBJECTIVE:To predict the targets of liraglutide,a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist,in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease by bioinformatics and molecular biology. METHODS:DisGeNET database and SEA database were used to obtain the common genes of Alzheimer's disease and liraglutide.GO/KEGG enrichment analysis of common targets was conducted using DAVID online database.Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using STRING database.The optimal dosage of liraglutide was determined using cell counting kit-8 assay.Expression of key proteins was analyzed using immunofluorescence and immunoblotting techniques.The mouse hippocampal neuron HT22 cell line was used for ex vivo experiments,and the cells were randomly divided into three groups:HT22 group,HT22+Aβ group,and HT22+Aβ+Lir group.No special treatment was done in the HT22 group,while Aβ1-42 was used to intervene in the HT22 cell line for 24 hours to construct an Aβ injury cell model in the HT22+Aβ group.In additional to modeling,liraglutide was added to the HT22+Aβ+Lir group for 12 hours. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 3 333 genes associated with Alzheimer's disease were screened from DisGeNET database.Then 147 potential targets of liraglutide were obtained from SEA database.Finally,64 common targets of Alzheimer's disease and Liraglutide were determined using R packets.GO/KEGG analysis of common targets using DAVID online database suggested that common targets were mainly enriched in the following biological processes:neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,renin-angiotensin system,bladder cancer,endopeptidase activity,peptide receptor activity,G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity,and transport vesicles.The obtained 64 common target proteins were imported into SRTING online database for protein-protein interaction network construction,and the top three genes,matrix metalloproteinases 2,9 and interleukin 1β,were obtained.The activity of cultured cells was detected by the cell counting kit-8 kit.Liraglutide at 100 nmol/L was the optimal concentration for antagonizing Aβ1-42.In the western blot and immunofluorescence assays,the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2,9 and interleukin 1β was significantly increased in the HT22+Aβ group compared with the HT22 group(P＜0.05)but significantly decreased in the HT22+Aβ+Lir group compared with the HT22+Aβ group(P＜0.05).To conclude,the above bioinformatics data and secondary validation of differential genes in the GEO database suggest that both matrix metalloproteinases 2,9 and interleukin 1β could be potential targets of liraglutide in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Objective To investigate the effect of semen bacterial infection on semen parameters in male infertility patients and analyze of the drug resistance profile of the bacterial isolates. Methods According to the results of bacterial culture, the semen samples of 74376 infertile men collected between April, 2016 and April, 2017 were divided into infection group and non-infection group, and the infertility type and semen parameters were compared between the two groups. The bacterial species and the drug sensitivity of the isolates were analyzed. Results Bacterial infections were detected in 1.38％of the total semen samples collected. The positivity rate of semen bacterial infection was 1.41％in normal semen group, 1.55％in asthenospermia group, 1.18％ in oligospermia group, 1.57％ in asthenospermia/ oligospermia group, and 0.17％ in azoospermia group. The positivity rate was lower in azoospermia group than in the other groups. Bacterial infection mainly affected sperm motility (P<0.05), sperm density and forward motile sperm ratio (P<0.01). The most common bacterial species causing the infections included, in the descending order of frequencies, Escherichia coli (63.59％), Klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies (19.80％) and Proteus mirabilis (13.22％). Drug susceptibility tests showed that the isolates of Escherichiacoli, Pneumonia Klebsiella pneumonia subspecies and Citrobacter koseri were commonly resistant to amoxicillin; Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were resistant to Bactrim and ampicillin/sulbactam; Staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin. Conclusion Male infertile patients have a low bacterial infection rate in the semen. Bacterial infection severely affects the sperm fertilization process by causing impairment of sperm motility and lowered sperm density. Escherichia coli is the most common pathogenic bacterium for the semen infection. With the exception of Staphylococcus aureus, the other bacterial strains isolated were found to be sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.

Objective To establish and validate a risk prediction model based on multiple blood routine parameters for preliminary differential diagnosis of influenza A and influenza like illness(ILI)in children.Methods Children with influenza A(n=2 686)and ILI(n=1 369)who were treated in Department of Pediatrics,The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University)from Jul.1,2022 to Jun.30,2023 were enrolled,and their clinical and laboratory features were collected for retrospective analysis.According to age,patients were divided into 2 subgroups:1 year≤age≤6 years and 6 years＜age≤16 years.Patients in each subgroup were randomly divided into training set(70%)and internal validation set(30%).Children with influenza A(n=204)and ILI(n=404)who were treated in Department of Pediatrics of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University)and Naval Hospital of PLA Eastern Theater Command from Jul.1,2022 to Jun.30,2023 were selected as the external validation set.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the training set to obtain the independent influencing factors of influenza A.The prediction model based on these factors were displayed as a nomogram.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,Hosmer-Lemeshow test,and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate the performance of the model from 3 aspects:discrimination,calibration,and clinical practicality,respectively.The diagnostic performance of the model was verified in both internal validation set and external validation set.Results In the subgroup of 1 year≤age≤6 years,age,white blood cell count,lymphocyte count and C reactive protein were the independent influencing factors of influenza A(all P＜0.01);the area under the curve(AUC)value of the established nomogram prediction model for identifying influenza A was 0.746 in the training set,0.771 in the internal validation set,and 0.753 in the external validation set;the predicted probability of the model was highly consistent with the actual probability(P=0.216);and taking intervention measures within a threshold probability range of 16%-60%could yield net benefits.In the subgroup of 6 years＜age≤16 years,gender,white blood cell count and lymphocyte count were the independent influencing factors of influenza A(all P＜0.01);the AUC value of the established nomogram prediction model for identifying influenza A was 0.733,0.747 in the internal validation set,and 0.753 in the external validation set;the predicted probability of the model was highly consistent with the actual probability(P=0.06);and taking intervention measures within a threshold probability range of 12%-58%could yield net benefits.Conclusion This risk prediction model based on easily obtainable blood routine parameters shows good diagnostic performance for influenza A,with high accuracy and clinical practicality.

BACKGROUND: With the development of traditional Chinese medicine research, berberine has shown good efficacy and safety in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of triple therapy containing berberine, amoxicillin, and vonoprazan for the initial treatment of H. pylori. METHODS: This study was a single-center, open-label, parallel, randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients with H. pylori infection were randomly (1:1:1) assigned to receive berberine triple therapy (berberine 500 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, vonoprazan 20 mg, A group), vonoprazan quadruple therapy (vonoprazan 20 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, colloidal bismuth tartrate 220 mg, B group), or rabeprazole quadruple therapy (rabeprazole 10 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, colloidal bismuth tartrate 220 mg, C group). The drugs were taken twice daily for 14 days. The main outcome was the H. pylori eradication rate. The secondary outcomes were symptom improvement rate, patient compliance, and incidence of adverse events. Furthermore, factors affecting the eradication rate of H. pylori were further analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 300 H. pylori-infected patients were included in this study, and 263 patients completed the study. An intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis showed that the eradication rates of H. pylori in berberine triple therapy, vonoprazan quadruple therapy, and rabeprazole quadruple therapy were 70.0% (70/100), 77.0% (77/100), and 69.0% (69/100), respectively. The per-protocol (PP) analysis showed that the eradication rates of H. pylori in these three groups were 81.4% (70/86), 86.5% (77/89), and 78.4% (69/88), respectively. Both ITT analysis and PP analysis showed that the H. pylori eradication rate did not significantly differ among the three groups (P >0.05). In addition, the symptom improvement rate, overall adverse reaction rate, and patient compliance were similar among the three groups (P >0.05). CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of berberine triple therapy for H. pylori initial treatment was comparable to that of vonoprazan quadruple therapy and rabeprazole quadruple therapy, and it was well tolerated. It could be used as one choice of H. pylori initial treatment.
Humans ; Amoxicillin/therapeutic use* ; Helicobacter pylori ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Clarithromycin/therapeutic use* ; Rabeprazole/therapeutic use* ; Berberine/therapeutic use* ; Bismuth ; Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy* ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Treatment Outcome ; Proton Pump Inhibitors/therapeutic use*