Objective To study the effect of relaxation therapy on sleeping quality of patients with post cran- iocerebral traumatic syndrome. Methods 90 cases with sleep disorders were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group. The control group was given routine care and the treatment group was given relaxation therapy combined with routine care. Take pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) as evaluation criteria. Results There was significant difference between the two groups( P < 0.01 ). Sleep quality was more improved by relaxation therapy in the experimental group than that of the control group. Conclusion Relaxation therapy can effectively im- prove sleep quality in patients with post craniocerebral traumatic syndrome.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation factors of nosocomial infection in patients after receiving craniocerebral operation.METHODS Totally 388 hospitalized patients after receiving craniocerebral operation from Jan 2006 to Dec 2006 were studied retrospectively.RESULTS From them 45 pateints were suffering from nosocomial infection and total incidence of nosocomial infection was 11.59%.Among them,60.0% was lower respiratory tract infection,11.11% was surgical wound infection and 8.89% was upper respiratory infection.Aging,length of stay and invasive operation(deep vein needle detaining,trachea incision,tracheal intubation,urinary canal and drainage tube dwelling) were the main correlation tactors.CONCLUSIONS Minimizing invasive operation and early removing various kinds of dwelling tubes,using antibiotics correctly,improving hospitalizd environment and strengthening wards management are the measures to reduce nosocomial infection according its correlation factors.

OBJECTIVEA method for determined oxygen permeability (Dk) of finished soft contact lens.

METHODSOxygen permeability(Dk) of 10 group finished soft contact lens was determined by polarographic method, and the values were linearly calibrated using the measured and established Dk values of the specified reference materials.

RESULTSOnly one Dk value fell outside of the requirement of GB 11417.3-2012 tolerance for Dk (± 20%).

CONCLUSIONIt is great practicability when determined the oxygen permeability (Dk) of finished soft contact lens by polarographic method which were linearly calibrated using the measured and established Dk values of the specified equal thickness reference materials without the measured lens customized 4 different thickness.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and the effect of gender differences on phenotype of Giteiman syndrome (GS) patients. Methods Clinical features and biochemical parameters were compared and analyzed to look for correlation between male and female GS patients. Results More male patients suffered from nocturia than female patients (P < 0.05), and there were no statistical differences in other clinical features between males and females. The level of serum creatinine was higher in male patients than that in female ones [(82.7±43.3) μmol/L vs (58.7±12.7) μmol/L], but estimated glomerular filtration rate was male patients and female patients. The urinary potassium and chloride excretion fraction were higher in male group than those in female group (33.0%±22.9% vs 17.0%±4.7%;2.30%±1.59% vs 1.23%±0.39%, P< 0.05, respectively). Statistical differences were not observed in other laberatory parameters. Three patients with impaired renal function were all male. Conclusions More male patients suffer from nocturia than female patients. Male patients seem to be prone to impaired renal function. It is speculated that different density of sodium-chloride cotransporter in renal tubule may account for gender differences.

Objective To analyze the occurrence of traumatic carotid cavemons fistula (TCCF) resulted from the fracture of basilaris cranii, in order to find out the related factors to outcomes and to discuss the approaches to improving prognosis.Method Data of 312 patients with the fracture of skull base complicatcd with TCCF con-firmed angiography from 1999 to 2005 were analyzed. These patients were classified into patients with disable and patients without disabed. The factors potentially impacting on outcomes were analyzed. Results The overall inci-dence of TCCF in 312 patients with fracture of basilaris cranii was 3.8% .The incideucs of TCCF occurred in pa-tients with the fracture of anterior fossa, middle fossa and posterior fossa accounted for 2.4%, 8.3 % and 1.7 %, respectively. Between two cohorts of patients, there were no difference in age, gender, number of embelization proce-dares performed and the time from injury to appearence of the first symptom except the differencc in time from ap-pearence of the first symptom to the intravascular embohzation performed (P>0.05). Conclusions A relatively high incidence of TCCF occurs in patients with middle fossa fractures, especially those with transverse or oblique fractures. Prompt diagnosis and intervention can not be emphasized in case of patients with TCCF, and non inva-sive techniques for the early detection of TCCF under certain circumstance after brain or facial trauma should be considered so as to avoid a miss in the early diagnosis of middle fossa fracture to ensure favourable outcomes.

Objective To identify the correlation between hypergnmmaglobulinemia (hyper-IgG) and renal involvement in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (Pss). Methods The data of all patients admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of Pss were retrospectively analyzed. One way ANOVA and Speannan's correlation analysis were used to compare the clinical characteristics, renal injuries, immunology tests and renal pathological changes between patients with or without hyper-lgG. Results One hundred and thirty Pss cases were enrolled including 8 males and 122 females. Their age ranged from 16 to 68 years with an average of (44±12) years. Forty-one patients with Pss underwent renal biopsy. The preys lenee of Drta and tubular protein was significantly higher in patients with hyper-IgG than those without(P<0.05). Spearman's correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between serum IgG levels and seral potassium level(r=-0.269,P<0.01).Protein electrophoresis results revealed predominantly tubular protein in the hyper-lgG group, on the other hand glomerular protein was found in the normal-IgG group (P<0.05). The occurrence of decreased C4 com-plement concentration was significantly higher in normal-lgG group (P<0.05); Spearman's correlation analysis for biopsied materials showed that there was no significant difference in the Tubular Index (TI) and Glomeru-lar Index(GI) between these two groups. Conclusion Tubular lesions, especially Drta, may be predominant and correlate with hypergammaglobulinemia. There is a correlation between hypergammaglo-bulinemia and the level of renal lesions. Renal acidification capacity in patients with hypergammaglobulinemia should be evaluated.

Objective To identify the clinical characteristics and pathological changes of patients suffered from glomerulonephritis complicating with acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) . Methods Twenty one patients of glomerulonephritis complicating with AIN diagnosed by renal biopsy were retrospectively analyzed . Thirty-five pure AIN patients were selected as controls .Results Glomerulonephritis complicating AIN accounted for 37 .5% of all the AIN cases . Βlactam antibiotics and Chinese herbs were the major causes of AIN . 76 .2% of cases received further examinations due to the elevation of serum creatinine (Scr) during their follow-up of kidney injuries or during routine exams for all kinds of discomforts . Pathological features of AIN were also detected besides glomerular leisions . The impairments of renal interstitia were severe than those of the glomeruli . Eosinophil in the renal interstitia was an important indicator for the diagnosis of AIN .The renal function returned to normal or baseline in 64 .7% of the patients of glomerulonephritis complicating with AIN whose follow-up data were available . The median period for renal function restoration was 150 days (compared with 60 days in pure AIN) . But there were no significant differences between these two groups as for the rate of irreversible renal insufficiency during a follow-up period of 2 years . Conclusions Symptoms of AIN in patients of glomerulonephritis complicating with AIN tend to be masked by their glomerular diseases . Renal biopsy is of most importance for the diagnosis . Early diagnosis and treatment leads to satisfactory prognosis .

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and Caspase-12 activation after coronary microembolization (CME) in rats. Methods The CME models were produced by injection of 42 μm microspheres (3000/0.1 ml) into the left ventricle during clampinduced ascending aorta occlusion for 10 seconds in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (CME group).The sham-operation group was injected with saline instead (S group). The survivors were randomly divided into five groups: 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 4 weeks (n=10, each), respectively. In addition,10 rats were designed as normal control group. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The expressions of Caspase-3, 12 and procaspase-3 and 12 were detected with Western-blot analysis. The activity of Caspase-12 was determined with fluorometric assay kit. Results (1)Compared with the shamoperation group and normal control group, the apoptosis rates of cardiomyocytes in CME group were significantly increased at each time point respectively (all P＜0.05). Apoptotic cardiomyocytes were found mainly in the border zones and infarct foci. The apoptosis rates of cardiomyocytes at 3 h, 6 h,12 h, 24 h and 4 weeks after CME were (1.76±0.68)%, (3.17±1.26)%, (1.34±0.12)%,(1.07±0.65)% and (0.30±0.13)%, respectively. The apoptosis rates of cardiomyocytes increased at 3 h after CME, peaked at 6 h after CME (all P＜0.05), and then gradually decreased with lowest value at 4 weeks (all P＜0.01). (2)Compared with sham-operation group and normal control group,the relative activation level of Caspase-3 and 12 in CME group increased remarkably (all P＜0.05).The time courses of Caspase-3 and 12 expressions corresponded well to those of cardiomyocyte apoptosis after CME. Conclusions The amount of cardiomyocytes apoptosis is significantly increased after CME. Caspase-12 may be involved in the apoptosis of cardiomyocyte after CME.

Objective To evaluate the functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the assessment of renal involvement and pathological changes in patients with lupus nephritis (LN).Methods Seventeen patients with LN and 10 healthy controls underwent coronal echo-planar diffusion-weighted (DW) MR imaging and blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) MR imaging of the kidneys with a single breath-hold time of 16 s.The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and R2* value of the kidneys were calculated with high b values (b=500 s/mm2).The correlation between the renal injury variables and the ADCs or R2* values was evaluated.Results The mean ADC value of kidneys in patients with LN was (2.43+0.24)×10-3 mm2/s,the mean R2* values of the renal cortex and medulla were (11.72+2.35)/s and (13.07+2.35)/s respectively,which were all significantly lower than those in volunteers (P=0.045,P=0.048and P=0.001,respectively).In the patients with LN,the mean ADC values were positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r=0.558,P＜0.05).There was a negative correlation between the ADC values of the right kidneys and pathological chronic indexes (r=-0.493,P＜0.05).Moreover,the R2*values of the renal medulla were negatively correlated with 24 hours proteinuria,serum creatinine,pathological active indexes.The patients were assigned to group A (class Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,n=8) and group B class Ⅴ + Ⅲ and Ⅴ + Ⅳ,n=9).The tubulointerstitial lesions in group B were more severe than those in group A,while the mean ADC values and R2* values of the renal cortex in group B were lower as compared to group A.Conclusion DW MR imaging and BOLD MR imaging may be used to non-invasively monitor the disease activity and evaluate the efficacy in lupus nephritis.

Objective To investigate the effects of large dose of atorvastatin on the expression of Sprouty-1 in CD4 + T lymphocytes from unstable angina patients during perioperative period of PCI.Methods A total of 52 unstable angina patients enrolled were divided randomly (random number) into large-dose atorvastatin (80 mg/d,n =26) pretreated group and moderate-dose atorvastatin (20 mg/d,n =26) pretreated group.Circulating CD4 + T cells were obtained by magnetic cell sorting system (MACS) before PCI and 18-24h after PCI.For detecting the gene expression,the reverse transcription fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure the expression of Sprouty-1 mRNA in CD4 + T lymphocyte.The level of Sprouty-1 protein was detected with Western blot analysis and IL-2 was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results ①Compared with large-dose group before PCI,the expression of Sprouty-1 mRNA and Sprouty-1 protein levels were dramatically increased in large-dose group after PCI (P ＜ 0.05).②Compared with moderate-dose group before PCI,the expression of Sprouty-1 mRNA and protein levels were slightly increased in moderate-dose group after PCI,but there was no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).③Compared with large-dose group before PCI,the serum level of IL-2 was decreased in large-dose group after PCI (P ＜ 0.05).Whereas the serum level of IL-2 was slightly increased in moderate-dose group after PCI compared to moderate-dose group before PCI,there was still no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Large-dose atorvastatin pretreatment reduced post-PCI myocardial inflammation through up-regulating the expression of Sprouty-1 mRNA and level of Sprouty-1 protein in CD4 + T lymphocytes.