Acupuncture has been clinically proved to be effective in treating abdominal pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, its neurobiological mechanism remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) in relieving chronic visceral hyperalgesia and the possible involvement of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NR1) in rostral ventromedia medulla (RVM) of the brain in an IBS rat model.

Acupuncture is widely used in clinics to suppress chronic visceral pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, the exact neurobiological mechanisms for its therapeutic effects need further exploration. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible involvement of spinal neurons in the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) in relieving chronic visceral hyperalgesia in a rat model of IBS.

Dopamine(DA) modulates diverse wake-related behaviors including movement,reward, and cognition.Dopaminergic neurons are located in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area.There are five distinct DA receptors(R):D_1R,D_2R(D_(2S)R and D_(2L)R), D_3R,D_4R and D_5R in the central nervous system, in which D_1R and D_2R are majorly expressed. The affinity of D_2R for endogenous DA is significantly higher than that of D_1R.Re- cently,studies by pharmacological and gene knock-out animals revealed that dopamine D_2R is essential inmaintaining wakefulness.Here,we review the progress on roles of D_2R in sleep-wake regulation.

Cerebellar Neoplasms ; genetics ; DNA Repair ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma ; genetics

Objective　To clarify the correlation of alpha fetoprotein （AFP） half-life （T1／2） with relapse or／and metastasis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma （PHC） after treatment. Methods　Determination of AFP content in serum with two steps　double McAb sandwich ELISA.Calculation AFP　T1／2 of the sufferers treated with intervention and radiofrequency ablation （RFA） according to T1／2=0.3 dT／log（AFP1／AFP2）. Results　When AFP T1／2＞11.5 days， the sensitivity， specificity and accuracy of predicting the relapse or metastasis of PHC after treatment were 87.5％， 89.3％， 88.5％， respectively. Intervention group was 82.35％， 83.3％， 82.75％， respectively and RFA group was 93.3％， 93.75％， 93.5％， respectively. During 200 days，there　was　very　significant difference of AFP T1／2 （P＜0.001） between non-relapsed／ non-metastasized and relapsed， metastasized and died. Conclusions　AFP T1／2 　can be used as a predictive　index for relapse， metastasis of PHC after treatment. It is not only a reliable parameter for the later stage treatment， but also a useful index for the evaluation of effect.

Objective To investigate the value of echocardiography for assessing the right ventricular function before and af ter treatment in the patients with pulmonary embolism.Methods Ninety-six patients with pulmonary embolism in our hospital from June 2014 to December 2015 were selected as the research subjects and divided into low-risk group,intermediate-risk group and high-risk group according to the disease severity.The echocardiographic examination was performed before and after treatment in all cases.Results The pulmonary artery systolic pressure after treatment in the low-risk group was lower than that before treatment (P＜0.05).The transverse diameter of right ventricle,transverse diameter of right ventricle and pulmonary artery systolic pressure after treatment in the intermediate-risk group and high-risk group were lower than those before treatment (P＜0.05).The Tei index after treatment in the low-risk group,intermediate-risk group and high-risk group was lower than that before treatment (P＜ 0.05).The right ventricle ejection fraction (RVEF),right ventricular end-systolic volume (RVESV) and right ventricular end-dias tolic volume (RVEDV) in the low-risk group had no statistically significant difference between before and after treatment.RVEF after treatment in the intermediate-risk group and high-risk group was higher than that before treatment(P＜0.05),while RVESV and RVEDV after treatment were lower than those before treatment (P＜0.05).Conclusion Echocardiography can objectively re flect the change situation of right heart function before and after treatment in the patients with pulmonary embolism,and can be used as an evaluation method for the effect of pulmonary embolism treatment.

Objective To measure the parameters of ealeaneal quantitative ultrasound(QUS)in nomal Hubei Yichang subjects.which were compared between different age groups after standardization by body mass index(BMI).Methods Calcaneal parameters were measured by UBIS5000 in 2912 normal Hubei Yichang subjects,from 20 to 82 years old women 1450,men 1462).Results The peak values of broadband ultrasound attenuation(BUA)and stiffness(STI)of the calcaneal were both in 45-49 year group for women.The peak value of BUA was in 50-54 year group for men.Standardized by BMI,the peak value of BUA、STI and sound of speed(SOS)were both in 20-24 year groups for women and men.Conclusion BUA、SOS and STI of the calcaneal may change with age.After the influence of body mass is eliminated,the change still exists obviously,and the parameters may gradually reduce with increasing age.

Objective To evaluate the effect of lumbar multifidus muscle training on muscle thickness.Methods The morphological changes in volunteers' lumbar multifidus muscles were observed in response to 11 kinds of training.Muscle thickness was measured at rest and during contraction using ultrasonography and two examiners.The rate of change in muscle thickness and the contraction rate were calculated.Results There was no significant difference in the contraction rates determined by the two examiners using ultrasound imaging.There was no significant difference in average contraction rate between the males and females.Pairwise,there was no significant difference among contralateral leg-raising,ipsilateral leg-raising,contralateral hand-raising,ipsilateral hand-raising and contralateral leg-lifting.Pairwise,there was no significant difference among ipsilateral leg-lifting and ipsilateral arm-lifting compared with contralateral leg-lifting,contralateral arm-lifting or contralaleral lower limb-lifting.There was no significant difference between contralateral arm-lifting and ipsilateral arm-lifting.There was no significant difference between ipsilateral arm-lifting with contralateral leg-lifting and contralateral arm-lifting with ipsilateral leg-lifting.Pairwise,there was a significant difference in lumbar multifidus muscle contraction rates among these actions.Conclusion Lumbar multifidus muscle training has various effects.Muscle thickness as measured using ultrasonography can provide a basis for formulating a rehabilitation training plan.

Objective: To explore the application safety for off-label using of rotational atherectomy. Methods: A total of 112 patients received rotational atherectomy in our hospital from 2010-01 to 2015-12 were enrolled in this study. There were 9 off-label indications for using of rotational atherectomy which included vein grafts, massive thrombotic burden, unprotected left main coronary artery disease, culprit lesions of acute myocardial infarction, severe coronary dissection, signiifcant impaired left ventricular function (LVEF<30%), severe three-vessel coronary disease, diffuse long coronary lesions (≥25mm) and angulation lesions (≥45°). The patients were divided into 2 groups: Off-label group, the patients with ≥ 1 above mentioned indication(s),n=67 (59.8%) and On-label group, the patients without any indication,n=45 (40.2%). Rotational atherectomy related complication rates were compared between 2 groups including slow lfow/no lfow, stuck of rotablator, coronary artery perforation, guide wire fracture and in-hospital MACE as urgent CABG, acute in-stent thrombosis and cardiac death. Results:①The most common complication was slow lfow/no lfow and its occurrence rates were similar between 2 groups (4.5%vs 8.9%),P>0.05.②Off-label group had 1 patient with stuck of rotablator (1.5% vs 0%) and 1 cardiac death (1.5% vs 0%), both P>0.05; On-label group had 1 patient with acute in-stent thrombosis (2.2% vs 0%),P>0.05. Conclusion: Off-label using of rotational atherectomy did not increase the incidence of slow lfow/no lfow in relevant patients, other severe complications and in-hospital MACE occurrence were also rare.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of detecting urinary natural killer(NK) cells in patients with general types of glomerulonephritis. Methods The contents of urinary NK cells from 54 patients with glomerulonephritis were measured by flowcytometry,while all patients were classified into two groups including acute proliferation group and none-acute proliferation group by renal biopsy results. The content of urinary NK cells was compared between the two groups. Results The content of urinary NK cells in acute proliferative glomerular disease group were( 14. 8 ±3. 3)% (30 cases) ,which was significantly higher than that of(21. 6 ±2. 9)% (24 cases) in the non-acute proliferative glomerular patients(P<0.05). Conclusions Decreasing of the contents of NK cells in urine may be an indirect indicator of the activity of glomerulonephritis.