Objective　To study the experience in prevention and treatment of iatrogenic bile duct trauma(IBDT). Methods　A retrospective study was made on the clinical data of 118 patients with iatrogenic bile　 duct trauma admitted to the Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from March 1990 to September 2000. Results　50.8%　(60/118) of patients with IBDT resulted from the wrong identification of the anatomy of the Calot' Triangle during cholecystectomy. The clinical diagnosis of IBDT depended on the clinical findings, diagnostic abdominocentesis and image examination. The diagnostic rate of ultrasonography for IBDT was 93.2%(110/118). According to the injury site of bile duct, IBDT could be divided into 6 types, the most common type of　 IBDT was resection of partical hepatic duct and part common bile duct(type Ⅲ) which occurred in 83.9%　(99/118) of the patients. The cure rate of IBCT was 100%(118/118) in this series due to the choice of operation according to the trauma type. Conclusions　The key of prevention to IBDT lies in abiding by the princible of “identifying-cut-recognazing” during cholecystectomy. The choice for surgical operative procedure should agree with the trauma type.

Objective:Cholangioduodenal reflux is still an unresolved problem in interposed jejunal choledochoduodenostomy (IJC) yet.To settle this problem,we designed IJC with distal suspending (IJCDS).Methods:IJCDS is to insert and suspend the distal end of the 25 cm-ling interposed jejunum to the duodenal cavity,which is about 2.5 cm long.The pressure of the biliary tract and the biochemical composition or the bile were measured during and after the operation and the results were compared.Barium meal and cholangiography through T tube were performed after the operation.Follow-up surveys were also done.Results:The pressure or the biliary tract decreased distinctively after the operation.Barium meals found no cholangioduodenal reflux although the patients had changed many postures.Cholangiography through T tube showed parisaltic or the interposed jejunum and the contrast medium was continuously pushed into the duodenum.Noreflux cholangitis and stone recurrence were found in the follow-up survey in 14 patients.Conclusion:IJCDS has the powerful function on preventing cholangioduodenal reflux.On the other hand,it avods the shortcomings of other reflux-preventing operative pattern.So it had the good prospect to extend its clinical usage.

Objective: To study the optimum extraction condition of effective composition in Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum by CO 2 supercritical fluid extraction. Methods: CO 2 supercritical fluid extraction condition was selected by uniform design. The extraction pressure, extraction temperature, analytic pressure, analytic temperature were four factors in the experiment. Seven levels of each factor were selected.Results: The optimum extraction condition in SFE was: extraction pressure at 30MPa, extraction temperature at 32?C , analytic pressure at 6MPa, analytic temperature at 36?C . Conclusion: The method is simple, selective and efficient.

Objective To study the effects of hypothermia therapy on coagulopathy in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) of different degrees.Methods Twenty-five newborns with HIE were divided into 2 groups (moderate HIE group and severe HIE group) by amplitude integrated electroencephalogram(aEEG).The platelet (PLT) count,activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),prothrombin time(PT),thrombin time(TT),fibrinogen (Fbg) and international normalized ratio (INR) were measured before hypothermia therapy and those after 24 hours,48 hours,72 hours after hypothermia therapy were collected.The hematological parameters of 2 groups were analyzed by repeated measurement analysis of variance.Results The APTT(t=2.239,P<0.05)and PT(t=2.453,P<0.05) of severe HIE group were significantly longer than those of moderate HIE group and significantly different.PLT,PT,APTT and Fbg(all P>0.05)showed no statistically significant difference between 2 groups after hypothermia therapy.The differences in INR(F=12.470,P<0.05),TT(F=8.275,P<0.01)between 2 groups were significant.Fbg at diffe-rent time points showed no significant difference (P>0.05) between 2 groups.The differences in PLT(F=32.420,P<0.01),PT(F=9.377,P<0.01),APTT(F=15.420,P<0.01),TT(F=7.326,P<0.01)and INR(F=12.699,P<0.01)at different time points were significant between 2 groups.The degree of brain injury and time had no interactive effects in PLT,INR and Fbg(all P>0.05).But the degree of brain injury and time had interactive effects in PT(F=3.374,P<0.05),APTT(F=4.227,P<0.05)and TT(F=3.585,P<0.05).It indicated that the change trend in PT,APTT and TT were different between 2 groups.The increase range of PT,APTT and TT of severe HIE group was higher than moderate HIE group after hypothermia therapy for 24 hours.The percentages of severe HIE group who received transfusion with blood product were higher than those of moderate HIE group(P>0.05).Conclusion The coagulopathy function is worse in neonates with severe HIE in hypothermia therapy which may aggravate the hemorrhage risk.And the effect of hypothermia on neonates with moderate HIE is less evident.So hierarchical intervention on coagulopathy in neonates with HIE during hypothermia should be adopted to relieve the hemorrhage risk.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between dietary -related behaviors of college students and their health , so as to provide the evidence for the health education for college students .Methods:A question-naire survey was conducted among 2105 college students from Xi′an Jiaotong University with stratified cluster ran-dom sampling .Results:In this survey , college students generally had unhealthy dietary behaviors , cognitive bia-ses of self-images and blind unhealthy weight -losing phenomenon as well .And there was a difference of dieting behaviors between college students of different sex and those of different body mass index .Conclusions:Unhealth-y dietary behaviors of college students were one of the main reasons leading to their abnormal BMI .Hence , it was necessary to improve health ethics education and dietary health guidance for college students , so as to introduce them to consciously assume their own health responsibilities and manage their health .

Aim To investigate the preventive effects of misoprostol on osteoporosis in aged ovariectomized(OVX)rats.Methods Female,10-month-old SD rats were ovariectomized(OVX)and,2 months later,were treated with misoprostol or controls for 2 months.The static and dynamic parameters in trabecular bone of the forth lumbar vertebrae(LV4)were examined with histomorphometrical analyses;the fifth lumbar vertebrae(LV5)was used to perform the compression test.Results Compared with the data from the sham-operated rats,the percent trabecular area and elastic modulus significantly decreased in OVX rats.Correspondingly,the bone break load and break stress decreased of post OVX was compared with those of sham-operated rats.Misoprostol increased the percent trabecular area by 21.6% compared with OVX rats,but it couldn't meet the statistical significance.Misoprostol enhanced the break load and elastic modulus compared with OVX rats.Conclusion Misoprostol can improve biomechanics of bone in ovariectomized osteoporosis rats.

Objective To analyze the clinical features and diagnosis-treatment of pancreatic lymphoma presenting as acute pancreatitis.Methods The clinical records of 7 patients including laboratory findings were retrospectively reviewed.Some related medical literatures were reviewed.Results Seven patients presented acute abdominal pain.Laboratory findings revealed significant increase of serum amylase and lipase levels.CT scan of the abdomen or PET-CT showed a diffuse swelling of the pancreas or masses in the body or tail.Extrapancreatic spread such as bone,bone marrow,spleen infiltrate was found out in 5 patients.Of the 7 patients,6 were diagnosed as the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,1 as the anaplastic large cell lymphoma.Six patients underwent systematic chemotherapy.Two died and the others received complete or part remission.Conclusion Pancreatic lymphoma is uncommon and represents a rare cause of acute pancreatitis.It needs to be confirmed by histopathologic examination.The standard treatment is not only for acute pancreatitis,but also for NHL including CHOP or CHOP-like chemotherapy.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum protein S100b in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients and brain damage. Methods A total of 37 hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage patients, 24 male and 13 female, were enrolled as intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) group, aged from 45 to 85 years with an average of (69.2?8.9) years. The control group were matched with ICH group, including 30 healthy subjects, 19 male and 11 female, aged 52 to 70 (61.2?5.0) years. The concentration of serum protein S100 was detected using double antibody sandwich ELISA. Evaluation of blood volume was calculated with the fomula based on cranial CT data: V=S?L?Slice??/6. The nerve function of the patients was evaluated by the CSS during acute phase and Barthel index score at 3 month after stroke. Results Serum protein S100 concentration was significantly elevated in patients with ICH (0.54?0.41 ?g/L), as compared to controls (0.17?0.04 ?g/L)(P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status quo of pharmacists training in Hong Kong,and to provide reference for pharmaceutical education reform of college in mainland.METHODS: The status quo,role,license examination and culture system of licensed pharmacist in Hong Kong were analyzed.Based on the practice of our university,the difference in culture system of pharmacentical talents and curriculum setting of pharmaceutical education were compared between Hong Kong and mainland.RESULTS & CONCLUSION: On the basis of education reform practice of our university for Hong Kong students,it is suggested to match the pharmacy curriculum setting and training program used in Hong Kong,to improve the clinical practice,to explore "4+2" culture model,and to enhance English training of pharmaceutical education.

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between pathological findings and mammographic features of microcalcification in calcified breast carcinoma without a mass.

METHODSThe morphology and distribution of the microcalcification lesions displayed by mammography were retrospectively analyzed in 108 cases of the calcified breast carcinoma without a mass in comparison with the pathological findings of the lesions.

RESULTSThe mammographic morphology or distribution of the microcalcification lesions did not differ significantly across different pathological types of calcified breast carcinoma without a mass (P>0.05). The microcalcification lesions showed no significant morphological difference between invasive and noninvasive breast carcinomas (P>0.05). Fine pleomorphic calcifications were frequently found in both invasive and noninvasive breast carcinomas, but fine linear and fine linear branching calcifications and mixed malignant calcifications were more common in invasive breast carcinoma. The distribution of the microcalcifications showed significantly different patterns between invasive and noninvasive breast carcinoma (P=0.006), characterized by segmental and cluttered distributions of the lesions, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThere is no specific mammographic features in correlation with the pathological types of microcalcification lesions in calcified breast carcinoma without a mass, but invasive and noninvasive calcified breast carcinomas have different mammographic features in the morphology and distribution of the microcalcifications to allow their preoperative differentiation.

Breast Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; methods ; Retrospective Studies