neoplasia.

Objective To study the expressions of miR-10a, miR-93 and miR-200a in malignant ovarian tumor tissues and their clinical significances.Methods Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of 40 cases of normal ovarian tissue, 40 cases of benign ovarian cyst and 40 cases of miR-10a, miR-93 and miR-200a in malignant ovarian tumor tissues.Analysis of variance and t-Test were respectively applied to compare the expression of miR in different tissues and analyze the correlation between miR and clinicopathological characteristics of malignant ovarian tumor .Kaplan-Meier Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression model were adopted in prognosis.Results The expression lev-els of miR-10a in ovarian cancer tissues were significantly higher than that in benign ovarian tumor tissues and normal ovari-an tissues (p<0.001), whereas the expression of miR-93 and miR-200a in the three types of tissues was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05).The expression quantity of miR-10a in malignant ovarian tumor tissues with greater omen-tum metastasis, lymph node metastasis and distant organ metastasis was significantly higher than that without metastasis ( p<0.05).The median survival time of patients with higher expression of miR -10a was lower than that of patients with low ex-pression of miR-10a (p=0.01).Multi-factor Cox model analysis showed that the expression quantity of miR -10a was an independent factor affecting survival prognosis in patients(p=0.002).Conclusion Our data suggest that miR-10a is asso-ciated with ovarian cancer metastasis, which is the main factor affecting prognosis in ovarian cancer.It might serve as a bio-marker for judging the prognosis in ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVE To explore the predictive value of human telomerase RNA gene component(hTERC) gene amplification and high-risk human papilomavirus(HR-HPV) testing in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN) as a marker for early diagnosis of cervix carcinoma.METHODS Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) was used to detect the amplification of hTERC of cervical epithelial cells in 72 cases.By using hybrid capture 2(HC-2),two types of the HR-HPV DNA(HPV16/18) of each case were detected.Then,the results were compared with the pathologic diagnosis.The dual-color probe we used was GLP TERC/CSP 3.HeLa cells and lymphocytes from normal marrow were the positive control,while the cervical specimens from healthy outpatients were the negative control.RESULTS hTERC Gene amplification of specimens was tested in 72 cases,the positive amplification rate of hTERC gene in the cervicitis/CINⅠgroup and normal,compared to the cervical carcinomas(100%) and CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ(68.75%),which showed a significant difference.The rates in CINⅡ and CINⅢ were 60.00% and 83.33%,respectively,which showed a significant difference compared with normal and CINⅠ/inflammation groups.hTERC gene amplification was positive in both HeLa cells and lymphocytes from normal marrow and HC-2 testing was positive in 32 cases of patients containing 11 cases of CINⅡ/Ⅲ,3 cases of cervical cancer,18 cases of cervicitis/CIN1 diagnosed.The positive predictive value(PPV) and specificity(Sp) of hTERC for the high-grade CIN was significantly higher than the PPV and Sp of HC-2 HR-HPV testing.CONCLUSIONS hTERC Gene involves in the progression and occurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical squamous carcinoma.As a marker for early diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical squamous carcinoma,the FISH method for hTERC gene is more reliable to differentiate the malignant diseases from the benign ones in cervixes than HC-2 HR-HPV DNA testing.The combined detection of HR-HPV and hTERC gene will provide more effective and suitable management to enhance the early diagnosis rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical squamous carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Retinitis pigmentosa(RP) is a group of commonest genetic blindness-inducing eyeground diseases, which have relative great heterogenicity in both heredity and phenotype. Pierce et al discovered a new retinal photoreceptor cell specific gene-RP1 in 1999, and also found in their following research that the mutation of this gene can induce autosomal dominant RP(adRP) . Present RP1 molecular genetic researches mainly concentrate in Caucasians.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mutation frequency, characteristics of RP1gene in Chinese RP patients and its role in RP pathogenesis.DESIGN: A comparative study by employing RP patients as subjects and healthy individuals as control.SETTING: Gene diagnosis and therapy center in a hospital affiliated to a military medical university of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 101 RP patients without genetic classification were visited patients of the outpatient Department of Ophthalmology of Hong Kong Prince Wales Hospital and Hong Kong Hospital of Ophthalmology between January 1998 and December 2001, which aged between 10 and 79years old(including 43 male and 58 female cases) with an average age of 40years old. Inclusive criteria: Cases who were in accordance with the general national and international standards for RP diagnosis(including funduscope observation and electroretinogram test). Exclusive criteria: patients of other retinal pathological changes. A total of 190 healthy adults were selected in control group, which had no RP family history and no RP or other eye diseases in eye examination, for the confirmation of whether the detected variation was the polymorphism of RP1 gene.METHODS: Totally 101 cases received conformation sensitive electrophoresis(CSGE) and DNA direct sequencing analyses to detect the point mutation in entire RP1 gene encoding range.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mutation frequency and patterns of RP1gene in Chinese RP patients and its role in RP pathogenesis.RESULTS: The mutation detectable rate of RP1 gene in all PR patients was 1/101. Mutation ultimately caused serious truncation in RP1 protein. The phenotype of the disease might be originated from functional deficiency in PR1protein synthesis. In addition, 10 missense mutations were found in our study population, most of which were RP1 gene polymorphism except the unconfirmed pathological significance of M479I.CONCLUSION: The deletion of corresponding segments(codon 1052-1933) in RP1 protein would induce RP. Large-scale RP1 genotying is necessary, which also can discover more RP-inducing mutation and RP1 gene polymorphism different from other races simultaneously for further fundamental therapy of RP and thorough improvement of the quality of life of the patients.

Objective To investigate perioperative nursing of respiratory system in severe scoliosis patients.Methods 26 severe scoliosis patients with respiratory function training before operation were retrospected.All of them tested pulmonary function before and after training,postoperative respiratory system nursing were also taken to maintain airway unobstructed,including respiratory rate and oxygen saturation monitoring,effective pain management and respiratory complications controlling.Results The average forced vital capacity(FVC)was 45.9%and 52.1%before and after breathing exercises,the mean forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1)was 43.8%and 48.8%before and after breathing exercises,with lung function improvement in 69.2%patients. There were two hemopneumothorax and three mild or moderate pleural effusion occurred within 10 days after surgery,but all recovered after effective treatment and nursing.Conclusions Perioperative systematic and effective training in respiratory function and airway management can improve lung function and surgical safety,reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications,and promote early rehabilitation .

OBJECTIVE To study the optimal reagent for regeneration of aptamer-coated piezoelectric quartz crystal chips and detect storage ability of aptamer-coated chips. METHODS Anti-IgE aptamers were immobilized on the gold surface of piezoelectric quartz crystal biosensor with biotin-avidin method. The reaction between anti-IgE aptamers and IgE was monitored in time on piezoelectric sensor. We tried to regenerate the sensor surface after binding IgE by rinsing the aptamer-coated chips with HCl, NaOH, EDTA, urea and formamide individually. Aptamer-coated chips were stored in PBS with 0.1% sodium azide and the stored chips were used to detect IgE in 35 days. RESULTS Of the five reagents, EDTA was the best one for regeneration of aptamer-coated chips and the sensor could retain 91.5% of the original detecting signals after five regeneration cycles. Moreover, the aptamer-coated chips could be stored in the binding buffer for 21 days without obvious loss of activity. CONCLUSIONS Compared with antibody-based piezoelectric sensor, aptamer-based sensor has lower cost, more regeneration cycles and longer time for the storage of chips. This series of experiments shows the superiority of aptamer detection.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the change in antimicrobial resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in our hospital from Jan 2005 to Dec 2006 and direct the using of drugs reasonably. METHODS P. aeruginosa was identified by API and VITEK2 system, and its antimicrobial resistance was determined by Kirby-Bauer method and VITEK2 system. The antimicrobial resistance rates were analyzed by WHONET5.4 software. RESULTS The resistant rates of P. aeruginosa to SAM, CTX, and CRO were higher than 70%. The resistant rate to CIP was the lowest (about 30% or so). CONCLUSIONS P. aeruginosa is still a major pathogenic bacterium in our hospital. It is very important to select antibiotics correctly according to the results of susceptibility tests.

OBJECTIVE To establish an aptamer-based piezoelectric sensor assay to detect human immunoglobulin E (IgE) and acquire the parameters about this kind of biosensor. METHODS Anti-IgE aptamers were immobilized on the gold surface of piezoelectric quartz crystal sensor with biotin-avidin method. The reaction between anti-IgE aptamers and IgE was monitored in time on piezoelectric sensor. Different concentrations of IgE were detected and the calibration curve of IgE was drawn. Non-specific response signals of BSA, IgG and IgE were monitored to show the detecting specificity of aptamer-based sensor. RESULTS For the aptamer-based sensor, the lowest limit of detection was 0.055mg/L and the linear range was 0.1-2.5mg/L. Non-specific signals of this sensor were less than 5% of specific signals of IgE at the same concentration. CONCLUSIONS The aptamer-based piezoelectric sensor can detect 5.5 ng IgE while the non-specific signals are very low. So this aptamer-based sensor is hopeful to be applied to clinical laboratory diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the major reasons of wound infection after external fixator application and then introduce management measures to prevent following wound infections. METHODS Totally 542 patients adopting external fixators between May 2005 and May 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. All the external fixator-related infections were inspected and the excretions from these infected wounds were collected to perform bacterial culturing. RESULTS The total infection rate of these 542 patients after external fixator application was 2.77%. Among them, six were infected with the bacteria in distraction osteogenesis group and the infection rate was 8.82%; three were infected in bone un-union and bone defect group and the infection rate was 5.36%; whilest the common fracture-fixing group got the lowest infection rate of 0.39%. CONCLUSIONS Wire-crossing positions are the most frequently infected sites after external fixation and the drug-resisted bacteria are the most commonly detected pathogens. Thus, increasing the stability of fixators, enhancing the infection supervision of operation environment, draining the wound thoroughly and using antibiotics rationally are the most effective managing measures to prevent external fixator-related infections in orthopedics.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the reasons of nosocomial infection in laboratory departments, and then advance corresponding measures to overcome them. METHODS The current situations in laboratory department between domestic large scale hospitals and overseas hospitals were compared, especially paying attentions to those parts involving in management system and precautionary measures. RESULTS There were a lot of shortcomings existed in the supervision of nosocomial infections in laboratory departments; many measures should be taken to increase the management level. CONCLUSIONS To reform and improve the system of nosocomial infection control and prevention, and establish an effective and systematic alerting and prevention system will benefit all kinds of the hospitals.