Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of primary small bowel tumors. Methods The clinical data of 58 cases of primary small bowel tumors were retrospectively analyzed. Results Fifty-eight cases of primary small intestinal tumors were comfirmed by operation and/or pathology .Of them,19 suffered from benign tumors and 39 from malignant tumors.The main clinical manifestations of small bowel tumors were abdominal pain, abdominal mass, ileu and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Twenty cases were diagnosed before the operation,and the misdiagnosis rate was 65.5%.All the 19 benign small intestinal tumors underwent local intestinal resection.In 39 malignant cases,18 underwent radical excision of the tumors, 6 received palliative excision and 5 underwent intestinal bypass operation. One patient died after the operation.The 1,3,5 -year survival rate of malignant tumors was 57.1%,28.6%and 9.5% respectively. Conclusions Primary small bowel tumor is uncommon and easy to be misdiagnosed.So attention must be paid to this disease.Endoscopy, X-ray ,BUS, CT and capsule endoscopy are the ideal diagnostic methods for small intestinal tumors .