OBJECTIVE: Polyurethane (PU) and silicon rubber have good biocompatibility, excellent mechanical properties, easy processing and controlled properties, etc. Therefore, their researches exhibit an important significance in the designs of the medical appliance and body apparatus.DATA SOURCES: The computer respectively indexed the database articles of abroad El, SCI, CA, Science Direct (Elsevier) and Chinese periodical full text from January 1995 to May 2006, the indexed words were "Silicon rubber, polyurethane, medical materials", the article language category was limited respectively in English and Chinese.STUDY SELECTION: The relevant articles (full text) that meet the study were selected by the first trial. Inclusion criteria: ① Related to silicon rubber and polyurethane. ② The medical rubber apparatus and body organ design. Exclusion criteria: The repetitive studies.DATA EXTRACTION: Collect totally 122 relevant articles that use the medicinal rubber materials, and expel the repetitive or similar research,therefore 16 articles meeting the request.DATA SYNTHESIS: ① Medicinal gum, hose and other products: The medical stopper used for sealing is requested to have the flexibility,resistant to cold, water, oil and disinfectant, and pinprick can still keep the original closeness and gastightness, etc. ② The abroad body organs: The material of repairing fracture, skull, meninges, bridge, auricle, mandible,windpipe, tear bolt, lung membrane, heart valve, stomach, intestine,peritoneum, penis, knuckle, muscle, knee membrane, skin and breast. ③ The research and expectation of the medicinal silicon rubber and polyurethane offer more medicinal apparatus and body organ.CONCLUSION: The study of the medicinal silicon rubber and polyurethane make people design and produce more cheap artificial organ and medicinal apparatus. More materials were applied to the clinic, so that satisfy the demand of many patients.

Objective To study the effect of bcl-2 antisense oligodexynucleotides on the apoptosis in human small-cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H69. Methods Cultured cells were divided into 4 groups: antisense oligodexynucleotides(ASODN), sense oligodexynucleotides (SODN), nonsense oligodexynucleotides (NSODN) and control.The different bcl-2 oligodexynucleotides was transfected into corresponding cells using oligofectamine.The expression of bcl-2 was examined by Western blot.The apoptosis rates were measured by flow cytometry (FCM).Results The bcl-2 expression in ASODN group was significantly inhibited compared to the control group, SODN and NSODN groups, but it was not obviously inhibited in SODN and NSODN groups.The apoptosis rate of ASODN group in different concentration was (9.97±1.54) %, (15.28±1.73) % and (21.41±1.85) % respectively, it was significantly higher than that of the control group (F = 7.19-15.48,q = 5.21-7.98, P ＜0.01). Conclusion The bcl-2 ASODN could enhance cell apoptosis rate in small-cell lung cancer by blocking bcl-2 gene effectively.

As the third-generation bisphosphonate,zoledronic acid (ZOL) has been widely used for the treatment of skeletal-related events in breast cancer.Previous studies have demonstrated that ZOL has antitumor activitie in breast cancer.ZOL can induce direct and indirect antitumor activities through inducing apoptosis,inhibiting the proliferation,adhesion and invasion formation of bone microenvironment which is conducive to tumor growth,besides inhibiting angiogensis and modulating immune response.Also evidences of synergistic antitumor effects are found when ZOL combines with radiotherapy and chemotherapy,endocrine,and targeted drugs.The observed improvement in antitumor effects by using combination therapy with ZOL in breast cancer is currently being verified through additional clinical trials.

A new minimally invasive gallbladder-preserving operation has emerged for the treatment of gallbladder stones,but fundamentally it is a replica of the previous gallbladder preservation method.The gallbladder aids in digestion but is not essential for life.Its function should not be exaggerated and should not instigate trivial reasons for its preservation.Most patients undergoing cholecystectomy maintain a good quality of life.The causes,mechanisms,and prevention of gallstone formation remains mysterious,so a high recurrence rate after gallbladder-preserving operation is difficult to avoid.A full cholecystectomy can avoid recurrence complications and the benefits outweigh the risks.A discussion of the benefits and complications must be initiated to evaluate both treatment modalities for gallstones.

Objective To evaluate the MRA by measuring the diameter of the stenosis artery and the contralateral normal vertebral artery with unilateral stenosis. Methods Seventeen-six patients were divided into normal group and vertebral arterial type of cervical spondylosis group.Among 26 vertebral arterial type of cervical spondylosis cases,13 cases appeared as vertebral arterial type with unilateral stenosis of ≤1.6 mm in diameter .Statistics assessment of MRA in stenosis and contralateral artery was engaged. Results The unilateral artery stenosis diameter measured

Objective To compare the clinical effect of whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) for brain metastases from lung adenocarcinoma between patients with and without epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 89 patients with brain metastases from lung adenocarcinoma who were treated in our hospital from August 2010 to May 2015.EGFR testing was performed in all patients.WBRT (6-MV external X-ray beam) was performed at 30 Gy in 10 fractions or 40 Gy in 20 fractions;for patients with ≤3 brain metastases, simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy was performed at 40-45 Gy in 10 fractions or 50-60 Gy in 20 fractions.The response rate, intracranial progression-free survival (IPFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between patients with EGFR mutations and patients with wild-type EGFR.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate IPFS and OS, the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis and univariate prognostic analysis, and the Cox model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis.Results For these 89 patients, the overall response rate was 62%, the median IPFS was 7.0 months (95%CI:6.060-7.940), and the median OS was 12.0 months (95%CI:9.539-14.465).The univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the response rate was associated with Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) score and EGFR mutation status (P=0.009 and 0.035);KPS score and EGFR mutation status were significant prognostic factors for IPFS (P=0.048 and 0.000);KPS score and primary tumor control were significant prognostic factors for OS (P=0.000 and 0.031).Conclusions After WBRT for brain metastases from lung adenocarcinoma, the patients with EGFR mutations have a higher response rate and a longer IPFS compared with those with wild-type EGFR, but there is no significant in OS between the two groups of patients.

Objective To design a measuring system for operative gestures used for the crew in armored vehicles. Methods The MEMS sensor was used to collect gesture parameters of important parts of four crew members,such as the head, neck,trunk,arms,legs.The infrared tracking auxiliary measurement was used to calibrate the gesture parameters of arms of drivers.The wireless transceiver was used to transmit data to the control unit for preprocessing and then send the data to the collector for storage, before being transmitted to the back-end computers.A software system was used to process and display the body posture parameters.Results and Conclusion The system can mesure the operative gestures of the crew and provide means by which to analyze the kinematics for the crew in armored vehicles.

Objective To explore the approaches to improve the detection of early gastric and precancerous lesions for basic level hospi-tals. Methods The 72 patients with abnormal gastric mucosa observed by gastroscope arranged with pathology after acetic acid-indigo car-mine dyeing were considered as the dyeing group, and 68 patients with abnormal gastric mucosa observed by gastroscope directly arranged with pathology were considered as the control group. The dyeing conditions of gastric mucosa were observed and compared to pathology detec-tion. The detection rate of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions in the two groups were compared. Results After acetic acid-indigo carmine dyeing, there were 16. 7% of demonstrated discoloration, 63. 9% of poor dyeing, and 14. 3% of even dyeing. The detection rate of early gastric cancer and high grade intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with mucosa discoloration (91. 7%) was obviously higher than that in patients with poor dyeing (8. 6%) or even dyeing (0. 0%). The detection rate of low grade intraepithelial neoplasia or intestinal metaplasia in patients with poor dyeing (82. 6%) was obviously higher than that in patients with mucosa discoloration (8. 3%) or even dyeing (14. 3%). The detection rate of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions in dyeing group (13. 9%,63. 9%) was obviously higher than that in control group (2. 9%,29. 4%). Conclusion The acid-indigo carmine dyeing could increase the diagnosis of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions in basic level hospital. It is adaptable to extend approach in basic level hospital for its low cost and simple operation.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of intracoronary administration of eptifibatide oncoronary no-reflow and myocardium perfusion in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) at percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 80 STEMI patients with emergent PCI were randomly divided into 2 groups: Eptifibatide group, the patients received intracoronary administration of eptiifbatide and Control group, the patients received the same volume of normal saline.n=40 in each group. The baseline condition, post-operative vascular recanalization, changes of platelet aggression at pre- and post-medication were compared between 2 groups. Echocardiography was examined at immediately and 24 weeks after operation;myocardial infusion imaging was examined at l week after operation. All patients were followed-up for 24 weeks to observe the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Results: Compared with Control group, Eptifibatide group showed increased ratios of post-operative TIMI grade 3 (72.5%vs 92.5%) and myocardium perfusion (70.0% vs 90.0%), bothP<0.05; decreased post-operative and 2h post-medicinal platelet aggression and they were both lower than Control group at the same period, allP<0.05. Eptiifbatide group had obviously improved LVEDD and LVEF at 24-week than 1-week after PCI and they were both superior to Control group, allP<0.05. There were 7 (17.5%) patients in Eptiifbatide group and 7 (7.5%) in Control group suffering from small bleeding events, P>0.05; no severe bleeding eventand no in-hospital thrombocytopeniaoccurred. MACE occurrence rates during 24-week follow-up period were 12.5% vs 22.5%, P>0.05. Conclusion: Intracoronary administration of eptiifbatide in STEMI patients at emergent PCI could effectively improve coronary blood lfow,increase myocardium perfusion and enhance cardiac function without severe bleeding events.

Objective To prolong the working time of the crew under a high temperature and high humidity environment in armored vehicles , improve work efficiency , and to prevent excessive heat load from doing any harm to the human body . Methods The man-machine environment was analyzed , the corresponding environment and the conditions aboard were further quantitatively studied , and man-machine-environment interactions were analyzed .Also,a questionnaire survey was conducted at the same time .Results and Conclusion The thermal equilibrium and thermal comfort calculation program were compiled and validated through the questionnaire survey in order to provide support for environment assessment and protection design .