Objective To compare the bone status between Shanghai and Caucasian infants at birth by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and evaluate its clinical application. Methods An ultrasound bone sonometer, Omnisense (Sunlight Medical Ltd, Israel), was used to measure the bone speed of sound (SOS) of tibia in 157 Shanghai infants, and then compared with those of Caucasian. Results No significant difference of SOS was found between male [n=88, (2968?115) m/s] and female infants [n = 69, (2956?105) m/s](P=0. 524). The SOS of premature infants [(2935?96) m/s] was lower than that of full-term infants [2984?116) m/s] (P = 0. 005). Comparing with Caucasian infants, the tibial SOS was lower in Shanghai infants. The differences of SOS, which were defined as Z-Score, in Shanghai infants were more remarkable in female infants (-0. 81?0.92 Z-Score) than that of male (-0. 55?0. 97 Z-Score), and in full-term infants ( -0. 80?1. 03 Z-Score)than in premature infants (-0. 50?0. 83 Z-Score) , and in infants with normal birth weight than in infants with lower birth weight. Conclusions QUS is suitable for evaluating bone status in infants. Shanghai infants have lower bone strength than Caucasian's and the difference becomes more significant in the last trimester.

AIM: To establish the determination of dihydromyricetin in stem,leaf of Ampelopsis grossedentata in different seasons from different habitat. METHODS : Novapak C_ 18 column (150mm?4.6mm,5?m) was selected as separation column at 25 ?C . Methanol-water-phosphoric acid (27∶73∶0.1) was used as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0mL?min -1 . The peak of dihydromyricetin was detected at UV 290nm. RESULTS : The linearity of this method was good. The average recovery was 99.47%,RSD was 1.68%. The content of dihydromyricetin in leaf of Ampelopsis grossedentata collected in May was the highest and was three ～ four times the size of that in stem. CONCLUSIONS :The method is convient with a good separating degree and is useful basis for the develoment and utilization of Ampelopsis grossedentata.

Objectives To explore the nutritional status of fatty acids in the newborn and their mother, and the role of the placenta in fetal nutrition. Methods The composition of fatty acids in blood, placenta, and neonatal umbilical cord blood were determined and analyzed by gas chromatography in 20 normal pregnant women. Results In 20 pregnant women in the study, average age was 27.0±4.5 years, the average gestational age of their newborns was 38.0±3.0 weeks, the average birth weight of newborns was 3320±127 g. There were 18 types of fatty acids in maternal blood, umbilical cord and placenta, including saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The total fatty acid content in maternal blood (3.51±0.57 g/L) was 5 times higher than that in umbilical cord blood (0.74±0.18 g/L), and there was statistically difference (P<0.05). The content of linoleic acid (LA) in maternal blood was higher than that in umbilical cord blood and placenta; the content of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexenoic acid (DHA) in placenta was significantly higher than that in maternal blood and umbilical cord blood; and the content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in umbilical cord blood was higher than that in maternal blood and placenta. All differences were significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Mothers preferentially transport long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (AA and DHA) through the placenta to meet the needs of fetal and neonatal growth and development.

目的探讨对老年2型糖尿病患者行空气净化前后动脉血氧分压(PaO2)和二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)的变化。方法55例老年2型糖尿病患者分为观察组(29例)和对照组(26例)。观察组患者所处疗养室每日24h进行空气净化。分别于净化前、净化后第2、3、4周抽取动脉血检测PaO2 、PaCO2 、PH值和氧饱和度。 结果空气净化4周后,观察组PaO2、PaCO2 、氧饱和度有明显改善(P<0.01),PH值无显著性变化。结论空气净化能改善老年2型糖尿病患者的PaO2 、PaCO2。

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of iohexol contrast agent in patients with malignant tumor by spiral CT scan combined with endoscopy.Methods 100 patients with pathologically confirmed malignancies were selected and randomly divided into two groups, with 50 cases in each group, the experimental group received iodohexanol contrast agent combined with spiral CT scan and endoscopy , the osmotic pressure of iohexol at 37℃600 mOsm/kg, 5 minutes before the injection of intravenous injection of 10 mg prophylaxis of dexamethasone, and then spiral CT scan was performed.The control group were treated with diatrizoate contrast agent combined with spiral CT scan and endoscopy.The osmotic pressure of diatrizoate was 1500 mOsm/kg at 37℃, and 10 mg of prophylactic drug dexamethasone was injected intravenously 5 minutes before the injection.And then a spiral CT scan was performed.Results The adverse reaction in experimental group was 4%, which was mild compared with 12% in control group ( P<0.05 ) .The tolerance and spiral CT image quality of experimental group were better than those of control group ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion Iohexol contrast agent, whether adverse reaction or image quality than the effect of diatrizoate contrast agent , in the spiral CT scan combined with endoscopy in patients with malignant tumors of higher clinical value, can be more accurate diagnosis of malignant tumors.

Objective Since there are significant variation of the dietary structure recent years in China,it is necessary to re-investigate the fatty acid composition of human breast milk for the presentation of the latest data of fatty acid composition in China. Methods Using a gas chromatography GC-2010,the composition of fatty acids was detected in the human colostrums and the mature breast milk(consecutively from postnatal day 1 to day 7 and from postnatal day 42)obtained from 62 healthy postpartum women in Shanghai and Chongqing,two big cities of China,from Jan to July,2008. Results The level of total fatty acid(TFA)tended to increase significantly from the colostrums to the mature breast milk. No significant difference in the level of TFA was found between two cities. The significantly higher monounsaturates(MUFA)level(44.06% vs. 33.85%,P ＜ 0.01)and lower linoleic acid(LA,C18 : 2n-6)level(18.43% vs. 27.62%,P ＜ 0.01)of the mature breast milk were observed in Chongqing women compared with those in Shanghai women. The docosahexenoic acid(DHA)level of the mature breast milk in Shanghai women was significantly higher than that in Chongqing women(0.41% vs. 0.29%,P ＜ 0.01). There was no significant difference in the level of arachidonic acid(AA,C20 : 4n-6)between two cities. Conclusions The fatty acid composition in human breast milk tends to vary with the extension of the lactation. There is significant difference in the fatty acid compositions in human breast milk between Shanghai and Chongqing owing to different dietary habits in the different regions of China.

Objective To compare the ultrasonic and mammographic appearances of breast chronic inflammation (BCI). Methods The ultrasonic and mammographic features of 20 pathologically conifrmed BCI cases were analyzed retrospectively. All cases were of single lesion. Fisher deifnite probability method was used to compare the differences between ultrasonic and mammographic appearances as well as the diagnostic coincidence rate. Results Under ultrasonography, the mean longitudinal diameter/transverse diameter (L/T) ratio of 20 lessions was calcultated as 0.47±0.15, 17 lesions were of irregular shape, unclear boundary and inhomogeneous hypoecho, 13 lesions were of posterior echo enhancement, the blood lfow of 10 lesions belonged to 0-Ⅰ, and the other 10 belonged toⅡ-Ⅲ. The lesion shape, boundary and homogeneity detected by mammography were coincident to those by ultrasonography (P=1.00, 1.00, 0.61, respectively). In 5 lesions, dotted high-echoes were detected by ultrasonography, however no calciifcation was found by mammography. Meanwhile, 1 lesion with sporadic calciifcation detected by mammography was missed by ultrasonography. Ultrasonography detected 5 cases with axillary lymphadenopathy, in which only 1 case was found by mammography. The diagnostic coincidence rate of ultrasonography was 40%(8/20), which was obviously higher than 6% (1/16) by mammography (P=0.03). Conclusion BCI possesses certain ultrasonographic characteristics, and ultrasonography combined with mammography will be helpful for the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign diseases.

Objective To investigate the effect of antisense oligonucleotides (ASODN) targeting livin on the inhibition of livin mRNA and protein expression and the apoptosis of human renal carcinoma cell line 786-O cells. Methods Specific phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeting livin were synthesized and then transfected into 786-O cells. The expressions of livin mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. Expression and location of livin protein were observed by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Apoptosis rate of 786-O cells was investigated by flow cytometer. The activity of Caspase-3 was detected by colorimetric assay. Results After the transfection of ASODN, the expression of livin mRNA was decreased (P

Objective The study was to investigate the relationship among angiotensin 1-converting enzyme(ACE), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)gene polymorphisms and the common carotid artery (CCA-IMT), and the predicting effects of them on CCA-IMT in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods The polymorphisms of ACE (I/D) gene and PAI-I (4G/5G) gene were deter-mined by polymemse chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) method in 308 cases with T2DM. CCA-IMT was compared among the groups with different genotypes of ACE and PAI-1. The in-dependent or synergistic effects of the ACE I/D and PAI-1 40/5G polymorphisms on CCA-IMT in 308 patients with T2DM were analyzed with multivariate linear regression. Then the 156 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics (durations< I year) without AS received the maltifactorial targeted intervention, including taking aspirin and controlling blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipid and body weight. The differences of metabolic control, ACE (I/D) and PAId (40/5G) gene polymorphisms were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the eorrelation among the CCA-IMT, ACE (I/D) and PAI-1 (4G/5G) polymorphisms. Results Patients with ACE DD genotypes had higher CCA-IMT than those with ACE-Ⅱ or ACE ID genotypes. Patients with both ACE DD and PAI-1 404G genotypes had a higher CCA-IMT than those with any other pairs of genotypes. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that ACE DD and PAI-1 4G4G gene polymorphisms had synergistic effect on the CCA-IMT in T2DM patients. After 2 years multifactorial intervention, the frequencies of PAI-1 4G alleles and 404G genotypas were lower than those in the CCA-IMT non-inereasing group. Conclusions These findings indicate that the ACE-DD geno-type and its synergistic effects with the PAI-1 4G/4G genotype are independent risk factors for the CCA-IMT in T2DM patients. Under multi-factorial intervention for 2 years, PAI-1 4G/4G genotype may be a negative predictor for the progression of CCA-IMT in T2DM patients.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects,toxic side effects of late-course three dimensional conformal radiotherapy plus chrono-chemotherapy(DDP+5-FU/CF) and conventional radiotherapy plus chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods Eighty-six NPC patients admitted from Feb. 2001 to Jan. 2002 were divided randomly into two groups:1.Chrono-chemotherapy + late course three dimensional conformal radiotherapy(CCR) group—44 patients were treated by late course three dimensional conformal radiotherapy plus chrono-chemotherapy, and 2.Routine-chemotherapy-radiotherapy (RCR) group—42 patients were treated by routine chemotherapy plus radiotherapy. The patients in CCR and RCR group were comparable in age, KPS, stage and pathology. All patients were treated by combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with chemotherapy stared 2 weeks ahead of radiotherapy. Chemotherapy: Braun pump was used in all drug infusions;1.CCR group—DDP 80?mg/m2 starting from 10:00 until 22:00,5-Fu 750?mg/d/m2 starting from 22:00 until 10:00 next day, CF 200?mg/d/m2 starting from 10:00 every day, infused at normal speed. These drugs were given for 3 days, 14 days as one cycle, totally 2 cycle, and 2.RCR group—with the same drugs at the same total dose, only with the difference being DDP and CF given QD, starting from 10:00 but at the normal speed. 5-Fu was given throughout the day and continuously for 3 days, totally for 2 cycles. Radiotherapy: linear accelerator irradiation was given to either group. Composite facio-cervical field + anterior cervical tangential field to D_T 40?Gy/4w, followed by the coned down per-auricular field plus anterior tangential field or ?beam irradiation. In CCR group, after D_T 40gy/4w, late course 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3DCRT) was used to add D_T 30?Gy/3w. In RCR group, routine radiotherapy of 40?Gy/w was supplemented with 30?Gy/3w. The total dose in either group was 70?Gy/7w at the nasopharynx, D_T60-70?Gy/6-7w at the neck, as cure while 50?Gy/5w for prophylaxis. Results The CR and PR of the CCR group was 45.5% and 95.5%, while the CR and PR of RCR group was 23.8% and 71.4% respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups in CR and PR (P