Objective T o study the m orphological characteristics of the injury caused by ox horn on hu-m an body and its injury m echanism , and to discuss the rules and characteristics of injury by ox horn and provide forensic evidences for identification of such cases. Methods T he com parative analysis of po-sition and m orphological characteristics w ere perform ed by sum m arizing the data of 100 victim s gored by ox accepted by H eilongjiang agricultural areas public security bureau during 2004-2014. Results T he specific injuries only could be found at the contact positions such as thorax and abdom en, low er back and lim bs of the victim s gored by ox horn. M ost of the skin w ounds had the characteristics of sharp in-juries, the bar-type injury by club w hich called rail w ay bruise w as an obvious characteristic appeared on the soft tissue. Conclusion O x horn can cause non-specific injuries on thorax and abdom en , low er back and lim bs of hum an body, w hich are sim ilar w ith the characteristics of sharp injury and injury by club. C areful analyzation and identification should be perform ed on such injury in daily w ork.

Cadmium is one of the important heavy metal pollutants with strong toxicity and wide distribution. It poses a threat to human health and invertebrates,especially to insects. It has been demonstrated that cadmium can infiltrate into insects through respiration ,food intake and so on. It can affect their development,and even induce apoptosis via oxidative damage. Insects can gradually develop defense mechanisms against cadmium with the help of metallothionein,antioxidant enzymes, excretion and heat shock protein. Toxicity effect varies among different species. This paper reviewsed the effect of cadmium on development,cell apoptosis mechanism and defense mechanism in insects.

Objective To compare the effectiveness of enteral nutritional emulsion (TPF-D) and enteral nutritional emulsion (TP) in patients with chronic wound and diabetes (CWD). Methods Totally 20 CWD patients in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from June 2008 to June 2010 were enrolled in this study. Enteral nutritional emulsion (TP) was used for the first 5 days ( TP group) and enteral nutritional emulsion (TPF-D) was used for the second 5 days (TPF-D group). Changes of mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), insulin dosage, and prealbumin (PA) were compared between TPF-D group and TP group. The adverse effects and post-operational complications were also observed. Results The every-day MAGE was (2. 56 ±0. 35) mmol/L in TPF-D group, which was significantly lower than that in TP group [ (3.23 ± 0. 42) mmol/L] ( P = 0. 01 ). The mean insulin dosage was (9.6 ± 1.7) U in TPF-D group, which was significantly lower than that in TP group [ ( 12. 2 ± 2. 5 ) U ] ( P =0.03 ). The increase of PA showed no significant difference between TPF-D group [ ( 12.7 ± 3. 3) mg/L] and TP group [ ( 13.4 ± 2. 8 ) mg/L ] ( P = 0. 08 ). No enteral nutrition-related adverse effect or post-operation complication was noted. Conclusion Compared with TP, TPF-D is more suitable for the CWD patients.

Objective To study on the changes of the DNT cells and T lymphocyte subtype in children with infectious mononucleosis (IM) and its clinical significance.Methods The flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detected the DNT cells and other T lymphocyte subtype in 48 cases of IM.Results The study showed that DNT cells( 9.39 ± 4.89 )% were greatly increased in comparison with normal controls (NC) (4.26 ± 1.68)% ( P ＜0.01 ).CD4 cells(21.45 ±9.87)% were decreased ( P ＜0.01 ) and CD8 cells increased in comparison with NC (32.43 ± 5.07) % ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion DNT cells and T lymphocyte subtype can be used to evaluate the immune function of children with infectious mononucleosis (IM) and provide guidance for adoptive immunotherapy.

Objective To detect the changes of serum integrinβ4 level during both exacerbation and clinical remission of asthmatic patients, and observe the correlation between the changes and balance of Th1/Th2,and to explore the relationship between integrinβ4 and the immune function in asthmatic patients.Methods Thirty?five cases patients who were hospitalized in the Seventh People's Hospital of Shenzhen from May 2013 to June 2015 were collected into this study.Serum interleukin?4(IL?4),interferonγ(IFN?γ),and integrinβ4 were measured with ELISA and western?blotting methods during both exacerbation and remission of asthmatic patients. Then the level of IL?4, IFN?γand integrinβ4 of the two groups were compared. Results The level of serum integrinβ4 protein in the remission stage of asthma was significantly higher than that in the acute attack period, and the difference was statistically significant(0.633±0.032 vs. 0.375±0.107,t=3.31,P<0.01).The level of ser?um IFN?γ in the remission stage of asthma was significantly higher than that in the acute attack period,and the difference was statistically significant((49.3±6.4) g/L vs. (16.7±7.2) g/L,t=3.11,P<0.05),and the level of IL?4 was (25.3±3.6) ng/L and (43.7±11.2) ng/L respectively,the difference between the two groups had sta?tistical significance(t=3.23,P<0.05).The serum level of integrinβ4 and IL?4/IFN?γratio were passively corre?lated(the acute attack period:r=0.749,P=0.05;the remission stage of asthma:r=0.745,P=0.015).Conclu?sion The serum level of integrinβ4 is passively related to IL?4/IFN?γ. Integrinβ4 may play an important role between immune function and the development in airway inflammation of asthmatic patients.

Objective To evaluate the role of mangled extremity severity score(MESS)in res-ervation and amputation of crush lower limbs in earthquake. Methods There were 122 patients with crush lower limb injuries,with MESS≥8 points in 34 patients who were primarily amputated,M ESS 5-7points in 19 who were principally preserved and MESS＜5 points in 69 who were preserved by means of debridement,external fixators,plast splints and vaeuum sealing drainage technique.Results All pa-tients were survived.with amputation rate of 29.5%. Conclusion MESS is an important reference for evaluation of reservation and amputation of crush limb injuries caused by earthquake.

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on the expressions of in-terleukin(IL)-33 and ST2 in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion in rats with neuropathic pain. Methods Forty adult female SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (group Sham),model group (group MC),ipsilateral electroacupuncture group (group SE)and contralateral electroacupuncture group (group VE).Each group had 10.The sciatic nerve injury models were es-tablished.The rats in group SE and group VE were respectively accepted electrical acupuncture treat-ment in Yanglingquan and Zusanli in the right and left limbs.Respectively,before treatment (T0 ), treated for 7 d (T1 ),3 d (T2 )and 7 d (T3 )after treatment,the MWT and TWL of rats in the four groups were measured.At T3 ,the expressions of IL-33 in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion in rats were detected by using quantitative PCR.Results Compared with T0 ,MWT and TWL in group MC, group SE and group VE at T1-T3 were decreased significantly (P < 0.05).Compared with sham group,MWT in group SE and group VE,TWL in group MC,group SE and group VE at T1-T3 were decreased significantly (P <0.05).Compared with group MC,MWT and TWL in group SE and group VE at T2 ,T3 were increased significantly (P <0.05).Compared with sham group,the relative expression levels of IL-33 mRNA and ST2 mRNA in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion in the group MC,group SE and group VE were elevated,the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Compared with group MC,the relative expression levels of IL-33 mRNA and ST2 mRNA in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion group SE and group VE were decreased,the differences were statistical-ly significant (P <0.05).Conclusion The electroacupuncture treatment could significantly reduce the pain symptoms of neuropathic pain in rats,possibly via inhibiting the expressions of IL-33 and ST2 in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion and blocking the IL-33/ST2 mediated inflammatory to play role.

ObjectiveTo investigate hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) levels in the tissue and serum of patients with chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and analyze the clinical significances of HGF for HCC.MethodSurgical specimens from 97 patients were collected during Dec.2003 to Aug.2008 in the Third Central Hospital.The patients were prospectively enrolled and categorized into four groups:normal subjects ( n =11 ),chronic hepatitis B or C ( n =6＝,cirrhosis ( n =20)and HCC ( n =60 ) including well-differentiated ( n =21 ),moderately differentiated ( n =23 ),poorly differentiated (n =16) specimens.N0 (n =24),N1 (n =21 ),N2 (n =54) and N3 (n =43) were tissues respectively removed from liver at 0,1,2 or 3 cm beyond the margin of tumor.HGF mRNA expression in liver tissues was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription- (RT)-PCR.Serum HGF levels in the other cases of normal subjects ( n =20),chronic hepatitis B or C ( n =20),cirrhosis ( n =20) and HCC (n =57) were measured by ELISA.The Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was employed for survival analysis.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors in each group.ResultsThe HGF mRNA in normal subjects,chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,N3,N2,N1,N0 and HCC were0.99(0.78-1.66),2.15(1.06-3.40),1.78(1.18-2.73),4.59(2.67 -8.63),3.86 ( 2.25 - 6.45 ),3.12 ( 1.59 - 5.74 ),2.92 ( 0.88 - 5.99 ) and 0.48 ( 0.19 - 1.06 ) respectively.The serum concentration of HGF in the normal subjects,chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis and HCC patients were (0.31 ± 0.05 ),(0.65 ± 0.07 ),( 1.27 ± 0.30 ) and ( 2.06 ± 0.66) μg/L respectively.The highest level of HGF mRNA was found in N3,while the HGF mRNA expression in HCC was [ (2.14 ± 0.52 ) μg/L] lower than that not only in the non-tumor tissues,but also in the normal control ( U =196.50,P =0.03 ).The serum concentration of HGF was significantly higher in patients with chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis or HCC than in normal subjects.The serum HGF level of HCC was bounced after hepatectomy (t =2.70,P ＜0.01 ).On the logistic regression analysis,the tumor numbers and Child-pugh were related with the levels of the tissue HGF mRNA and serum HGF of HCC,OR were0.15 (95％CI:0.03-0.72,P＜0.05) and0.13 (95％CI:0.27 -0.89,P ＜0.05 ),respectively.Univariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model in the complication groups revealed that the levels of the tissue HGF mRNA and serum HGF were significant risk factors of death for HCC,OR were 0.02 (95％ CI:0.00 - 0.52,P ＜ 0.05 ) and 10.01 (95％ CI:1.16 -86.23,P ＜ 0.05 ),respectively.On the Log-rank analysis,no statistically difference in the cumulative survival was found between the two groups categorized by median (0.49) of tissue HGF mRNA 2 - AACT (X2 =0.13,P =0.72).While the HCC patients were dichotomized by their the median(0.69 μg/L) of serum HGF concentration,the death risk for the patients with higher levels of HGF was increased 2.84 fold than those with lower levels (95％ CI:1.03 - 7.92,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionHGF mRNA expression is decreased in tumor tissues,while its level in tumor adjacent live and serum is significantly elevated and is in association with shortened postoperative survival of HCC patients.

Objective To detect the levels of anti-gliadin IgA and anti-gliadin IgG antibodies in the plasma of the patients with schizophrenia, and to investigate the association between schizophrenia and anti-gliadin IgA, IgG bodies in a Chinese Han population, and to clarify the effect of gliadin on the occurrence of schizophrenia.Methods The plasma samples were collected from 428 patients with schizophrenia and 555 cases of normal control subjects in a Chinese Han population.The gliadin antibodies in plasma,including IgA and IgG,were tested using a native anti-gliadin ELISA test kit.The positive rates of plasma anti-gliadin IgA,and anti-gliadin IgG were tested by Chi-square test between the patients with schizophrenia and control subj ects. The differences of the levels of anti-gliadin IgA and anti-gliadin IgG were tested by Mann-Whitney U test between the patients with schizophrenia and control subjects.Results Compared with normal control group,the anti-gliadin IgA level and the positive rate of plasma anti-gliadin IgA in patient group were increased significantly(P<0.01),but there were no significant differences of the positive rate and the level of anti-gliadin IgG in plasma between patient and control groups (P>0.05).The anti-gliadin IgA levels in the patients with delusion of observation,delusion of being revealed,delusion of persecution, delusion of j ealousy, delusion of grandeur, incoherence of thinking, illogic thought, bizarre behavior,aggressive behavior,hallucination-delusion syndrome,poverty of thought,emotional blunting/apathy and aboulia were higher than that of the normal controls (P<0.05);the anti-gliadin IgG levels in the patients with delusion of being revealed and delusion of grandeur were higher than that of the normal controls (P<0.05 ). Conclusion Gliadin is associated with the onset of schizophrenia in Chinese Han population, and the plasma antibodies of gliadin maybe play an important rale in the onset of schizophrenia.

Objective To investigate the effect of antisense oligonucleotides (ASODN) targeting livin on the inhibition of livin mRNA and protein expression and the apoptosis of human renal carcinoma cell line 786-O cells. Methods Specific phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeting livin were synthesized and then transfected into 786-O cells. The expressions of livin mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. Expression and location of livin protein were observed by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Apoptosis rate of 786-O cells was investigated by flow cytometer. The activity of Caspase-3 was detected by colorimetric assay. Results After the transfection of ASODN, the expression of livin mRNA was decreased (P