Objective:To compare the bioactivities of Taohua anti-diarrhea granula prepared by two different methods based on biothermo-kinetics study.Methods:The coarse and fine powder preparations of Taohua decoction were prepared.Microcalorimetry was used to obtain the metabolic curves and biothermo-kinetic parameters of Escherichia coli(E.coli)growth after treated by the two preparations to evaluate their bioactivities.Results:The values of growth rate constant k and maximum heat-out power Pm declined with the concentration increase of the 2 preparations;meanwhile,the values of peak time of the highest peak tm and growth inhibitory ratio I increased with the concentration increase of the two preparations.The results showed that the growth of E.coli was inhibited and the inhibitory effect was strengthened with the concentration increase of the two preparations.The IC50 was 35.9 mg/ml for the coarse powder preparation and 31.4 mg/ml for the fine powder preparation.Aggregate analysis of the metabolic curves and biothermo-kinetic parameters of E.coli indicated that the fine powder preparation of Taohua decoction had stronger inhibitory action against E.coli growth than the traditional coarse powder preparation.Conclusion:Microcalorimetry can be used to examine the bioactivity differences of the fine and coarse preparations of Taohua decoction.Superfine comminution may increase the inhibitory action of Taohua decoction.

Objective To discuss a new temporal bone tomography radiographic technique for the assessment of cochlear implantation and its clinic value. Methods Plane radiographs of both the temporal bone tomography and cochlear position tomography were taken on 10 children after cochlear implantation. The numbers of inserted electrodes of both techniques were compared. Results The inserted electrodes were shown clearly in both techniques. There was no difference in the data be-tween the 2 methods and between the operation and radiography outcomes (P>0.05). Conclusion Temporal bone tomography is a new method to evaluate cochlear implants in postoperative patients.

Objective To investigate the prevalence rates of healthcare-associated infection (HAI)and antimicrobial use in a hospital in 2011-2013,and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of HAI.Methods HAI prevalence rates and antimicrobial use in a hospital in 2011-2013 were investigated by combination of bedside visiting and medical records reviewing.Results A total of 3 011 patients were investigated during three years,the prevalence rates were 3.49%, 2.87% and 3.98% respectively,difference of prevalence rates during three years were not significantly different (χ2 =2.105,P =0.356).Among HAI sites,lower respiratory tract ranked first,the major pathogens were gram-negative bacil-li,constituent ratios of different pathogens were not significantly different among three years(χ2 =1.003,P =0.972);anti-microbial usage rates and specimen detection rates among 3 years were both significantly different(χ2 =12.569,P <0.01;χ2=6.758,P <0.01,respectively),antimicrobial usage rate was highest in 2011(63.40%),and specimen detection rate was highest in 2012(62.14%).Conclusion Point prevalence rate in this hospital is at average national level,antimicrobial usage rate decreased, the consciousness of pathogenic detection gradually enhanced,clinical application management of antimicrobial agents still needs to be strengthened continuously.

Objective To establish a HPLC method for the determination of deoxys chizandrin and schisantherrin A in Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis. Methods The as say was conducted on a YWG-C18 column with methonal-water (77 ∶23) as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and detection wavelength was 230 nm. Results Satisfactory linearities of deoxyschizandrin and schisantherrin A were shown in the range of 0.125～1.25 ?g and 0.08～0.8 ?g,and the recovery was 100.1 %an d 100.0 %(RSD being 0.15 %and 0.28 %。Schisandra sphenanthcra),and 99.7 %an d 101.2 %(RSD being 0.32 %and 0.67 %。Schisandra chinensis) (n=5). Conclusion The HPLC method was simple,curate,highly sensitive and reproducible. It may b e used for the quantitative determination of deoxyschizandrin and schisantherrin A in Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis.

Objective To investigate the value of MR perfusion imaging in early detection of findings following arterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma Methods Twenty eight consecutive patients with pathologically-confirmed HCC were evaluated. All patients underwent MR perfusion imaging at pre-TACE and 3 to 10 days after TACE. The negative enhancement integral (NEI) ,the time to peak(TTP) ,the maximum slope of decrease (MSD) , the signal enhance ratio (SER) were acquired from MRI software FuncTool 2. 5.36a Version. Statistical analysis using SPSS 14, least significant difference test (t test) were utilized. Results The time intensive curve of tumor was observed to descend rapidly to reach the peak at pre-TACE studies, whereas it descended slowly to reach the peak on post TACE studies. The Value of TTP and SER prior to TACE were(51.2 ± 10. 3) s, 60. 6 ± 36. 3 respectively, and post TACE (43.7 ± 12. 0)s, 41.2 ±27. 5 respectively. The values of TTP and SER post TACE were lower than those prior to TACE (P ＜ 0. 05). The value of NEI prior to TACE was 108.7 ± 58.9, and after TACE 149. 6 ±80. 1 and there was statistically significant difference (P ＜0. 05). The Value of MSD post TACE were lower than those prior to TACE, but there was no statistical significance (P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion PWI is a very sensitive imaging technique that can be used to monitor early dynamic changes of HCC following TACE.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) plus full-field digital mammography (FFDM) in benign and malignant breast disease.Methods The prospective study enrolled 46 consenting women with a clinical suspicious of breast lesion confirmed by pathology. All the patients underwent DBT, FFDM and dedicated breast magnetic resonance image (DB-MRI) examinations before surgery or biopsy. To observe the manifestation of breast disease in different examinations according to breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS), and to evaluate the visibility grade of disease between DBT plus FFDM and FFDM alone. Using receiving operating characteristic(ROC) and Z test to analysis the diagnostic efficiency of three examinations.Results Forty-six cases included 14 benign cases and 32 malignant cases. Compared with FFDM, 35 cases showed increased visibility in DBT plus FFDM, that the malignant lesion manifested mass with speculated and architectural distortion(23/27) and the benign lesion manifested mass with halo sign(6/8). Eleven cases didn't show increase visibility in both DBT plus FFDM and FFDM alone. The ration of BI-RADS 0 in FFDM was 23.9%(11/46), meanwhile in other two examination were 0. The ration of BI-RADS 3 in DBT plus FFDM was the lowest(6.5%, 3/46). When the lesion in DBT plus FFDM showed mass or speculated, in MRI showed similar morphology with mass or mass-like enhancement. According pathology as the gold standard, excluded 11 cases with BI-RADS 0 in FFDM, there was significant statistical difference between DBT plus FFDM and FFDM alone in 35 cases (Z=2.132, P=0.033) to differentiate benign and malignant breast disease, the area of ROC curve were respectively 0.955, 0.878. There is no statistical difference between DBT plus FFDM and MRI in 46 cases (Z=0.502, P=0.616), the area of ROC curve were respectively 0.887, 0.908.Conclusion DBT combined with FFDM can improve both detection of breast lesion and diagnostic efficiency, while the performance value between DBT and MRI are equal.

Rhubarb anthraquinone derivatives (AQs) have been documented to have both therapeutic and toxic effect on liver and kidney, leading to a complex puzzle to assess their benefits and risks. In this study, the tissue distributions of AQs in SD rats after orally administrated extracts of raw and prepared rhubarb were examined whether they undergo different uptake. The total rhubarb extract (14.49 g x kg(-1) of body weight per day od, counted on the quantity of crude material) was administrated orally for 12 weeks. The concentrations of the AQs in different tissues were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The five major AQs, aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophynol and physcion, could all be detected in the liver, kidney and spleen, while only rhein, aloe-emodin and emodin reached the quantitative limit. The tissue concentrations of AQs in raw rhubarb group were higher than that in steamed rhubarb group with rhein > emodin > aloe-emodin in the same tissue. On the whole, the tissue distribution of rhein was higher than that of emodin and aloe-emodin in liver, spleen and kidney. AQs could not be detected in those tissues after drug withdraw for 4 weeks, which suggested scarcely any accumulative toxicity of rhubarb. The result indicated that raw rhubarb had more tissue toxicity than steamed rhubarb and rhein may be one of the major poisonous ingredients. The results were concordant with the traditional Chinese medicine theory of toxicity-attenuating effect of processing.

Objective To explore the feature of functional connectivity of default mode network (DMN) and salience network (SN) in unmedicated schizophrenia patients during a resting state by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fM-RI). Methods The SPM8 and DPARSFA softwares combined with independent component analysis (ICA) were used to in-vestigate functional connectivity (FC) of the DMN and SN in 27 unmedicated patients with schizophrenia and 27 age-and gender-matched healthy controls. Results Concerning the DMN, patients with schizophrenia showed decreased FC in right inferior frontal gyrus , right precuneus(unadjusted P<0.05)and increased FC in right middle cingulate gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus(unadjusted P<0.05). With regard to the SN, patients showed reduced connectivity in left inferior frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, left anterior cingulate, left postcentral gyrus(unadjusted P<0.05)and increased connectivity in left superior temporal gyrus(unadjusted P<0.05). Correlation analyses showed that the increased FC of left superior temporal gyrus significantly correlated with PANSS-positive symptoms(r=0.568,P=0.002)and decreased FC of right precuneus significantly negatively correlated with delusion symptom(r=-0.458,P=0.016). Conclusion This study provides evidence for resting state functional abnormalities of DMN and SN in unmedicated schizophrenia patients. These aberrant function connectivities in some brain regions of the two networks could be a source of abnormal introspectively-oriented mental actives.

Objective:To explore whether the phospholipidoproteinaceous material deposit within the alveoli by a high-ifeld 3T MRI has signal characters and its application for diagnosing pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.Methods:A total of 11 patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis previously diagnosed by ifberoptic bronchoscope lung biopsy underwent 64-slice helical CT scans and 3T MRI scans, and the CT scans and the MRI scans were compared.
Results:hTe phospholipidoproteinaceous material deposit within the alveoli presented longer or equal T1 relaxation time and longer T2 relaxation time, without characters of fatty or deposits of protein-like substance signals and enhancement. The distribution, form, number and size of the lesions at T2WI were almost the same as those at CT, the lesions were irregular in morphology, and there was a clear boundary between the lesions and the adjacent normal lung tissues. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI showed thickened pulmonary arteriolae and venulae in the lesions with more obviously thickened pulmonary venulae, which were in conformity with the pulmonary artery and venule enhancement. CT scan in 1 out of the 11 cases showed lesions in both lungs mainly consisted of stripe-shaped and reticular structures, and no obvious sign of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis residue was found. MRI scan detected alveolar proteinosis that failed to be shown by CT scan.
Conclusion:3T MRI T2WI can easily detect the lesions of long T2 signals formed by the lipoproteinaceous material deposit within the alveoli. In the lesions, geographic appearance was presented, and the crazy paving pattern was dimly visualized. MRI can relfect the morphological characters of PAP like CT and it is slightly better compared with CT in such aspects as evaluating the theraputic effect of lung lavage. As supplement to CT, high-field 3T MRI can serve as an important examination for lung diseases.

Objective To explore CT features of thin-wall cavity change of pulmonary metastases from renal clear cell carcinoma after molecular targeted treatment and its clinical significance.Methods Clinical and imaging data of 2 patients with thin-wall cavity of pulmonary metastases originating from renal clear cell carcinoma after molecular targeted drug Pazopanib were reported and analyzed retrospectively.Results After resection of primary renal tumors,multiple solid metastatic lesions in the lung were detected and the lesions showed ring enhancement on the post-contrast images.After 3-month Pazopanib treatment,most of the lesions presented thin-wall cavity change.Case 1 showed slowly disease progression while case 2 suffered from spontaneous pneumothorax and died 2 months later.Conclusion Necrosis of pulmonary metastases originated from renal carcinoma can be impelled by molecular targeted Pazopanib treatment,which helped to the formation of cystic thin-wall cavity,but the influence on the prognosis still remains uncertain.