llary-like mural nodules of PTC showed less enhancement on post-contrast CT and cervical lymph node metastases were more frequently seen in PTC.

Objective To establish an in vitro skin sensitization test,human cell line activation test (h-CLAT),based on THP-1 cell line (a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line),and to assess the sensitizing potency of plant raw materials of chemical and cosmetic products by this in vitro skin sensitization test.Method THP-1 cells were cultured in vitro and exposed to 11 reference skin sensitization chemicals and 9 samples,by monitoring the cell viability,cell surface marker CD54 /CD86 and relative fluorescence intensity of cells surface after the cells was exposures to the substances,and to discover whether there is a positive reaction.At the same time,Buehler test was used to validate the results of samples tested by h-CLAT.Results 11 reference chemicals were distinguished correctly by h-CLAT.Among the 9 samples tested,7 samples were recognized as negative sensitizer and 2 plant extracted substances were identified as suspicious skin sensitizer.The qualitative classification of the 9 samples by h-CLAT test was consistent with the results obtained by animal test.Conclusions The h-CLAT-in vitro test can be used to replace some animal tests for the prediction of soluble skin sensitizing substances.

Objective To establish a detection method integrating DPRA ( direct peptide reactivity assay) with h?CLAT ( human cell line activation test) to screen the skin sensitization potency of chemicals and plant extracts. Methods 12 chemicals and 7 plant extracts were chosen as the test substances. Firstly, the test substances were incubated together with two different peptides ( cysteine and lysine) respectively for reaction for 24 h. The peptide consumptions were analyzed by HPLC. Simultaneously, THP?1 cells were cultured in vitro and then exposed to different concentrations of test sub?stances for 24 h to examine the cell viability, cell surface markers CD54 and CD86 were assessed by flow cytometry. The predicting results were compared further between DPRA and h?CLAT. Results 12 chemicals were distinguished correctly by DPRA classified as 2 non?sensitizers and 10 sensitizers. The results of DPRA were in accordance with h?CLAT. Predic?ting the sensitization potency of plant extracts by DPRA showed that 6 plant extracts were determined as suspected sensiti?zers except for green tea extract. But using the method of h?CLAT, 4 plant extracts were examined as suspected sensitizers except for green tea extract, herba portulacae extract and ginseng fruit extract. The coherence of DPRA and h?CLAT was 0?57. Conclusion This detection method integrating DPRA with h?CLAT can predict single compound accurately. As for complex compound, it can achieve preliminary prediction and need other integrating methods to make a further identifica?tion.

Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB 34) on white matter structure of stroke patients. Methods 6 stroke patients with left hemiplegia in recovery stage were recruited. The sham acupoint was as control, the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data in a 1.5 T SIEMENS scanner before and after acupuncture at Yanglingquan point was collected. Differences between the two conditions were compared with the Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS), which is one of FSL tools. Results The brain areas included left precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, supplementary motor area, inferior frontal gyrus, internal capsule, fornix and bilateral inferior parietal gyrus, in which the verum acupuncture had stronger effect on fractional anisotropy (FA) than the sham acupuncture. White matter tract such as pyramidal tract, arcuate fasciculus, corpus callosum and other inter-cortex association fibers passed these brain areas. The fiber tracts and brain areas were found to be involved with multiple brain networks of motor compensation, somatosensory, language and cognition. Conclusion Compared with the sham point, acupuncture at Yanglingquan point can change the microstructure of stroke patients' white matter, mainly in the inaffected side and related to multiple functional networks.

Objective To evaluate protective effects of hypothermic pulmonary protective solution with uli-nastatin on lung function during cardiopulmouary bypass (CPB) in the patients with congenital heart disease(CHD) and pulmonary hypertenion. Method Fifty-four children,who had CHD of left-to-fight shunts with moderate-se-rious pulmonary hypertension, were enrolled. They had been performed with the radical operation under CPB from September 2005 to December 2006 in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University. Moderate-serious pulmonary hypertension was defined as pulmonary-to-systolic pressure ratio > 0.45(Pp/Ps > 0.45). Fifty-four children were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in group A (n = 18)didn't receive pulmonary protective solution, and scrved as control; patients in group B (n = 18) were adminis-tered with pulmonary protective solution without ulinastatin;patients in group C (n = 18) were administered with pulmonary protective solution with ulinastatin. The serum concentrations of MDA and MPO were measured at five different time points:pre-operation, 0 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1～5). Patients'lung functions were monitored at T1 - T4. The time of mechanical ventilation was recorded. Results No one died in this study. The mean time of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the group B and group C than that in the group A. The MDA and MPO levels were lower in group B compared with group A at T4. The MDA level at T3-T5 and the MPO level at T4 was lower in group C than those in group A. There were no significant in MDA and MPO levels between group B and group C at five time point.A-aDO2 was lower in groups B and C than those in group A at T3 and T4, whereas at T4, A-aDO2 was lower in group C than that in group B. Cdyn was higher in group B at T3and group C at T3 - T4 than those in group A. Cdyn was lower in groups C than that in group B at T4.Condusions Lung perfusion with hypothermic protective solution during CPB can all lung injury and promote recovery after operation, especialy with ulinastatin.

Objective To assess metabolic alterations in the human basal ganglia area during maturation and aging by using 2D chemical shift imaging (2D CSI) of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Methods Seventy healthy subjects were examined by 2D CSI. 2D CSI imaging acquisition was performed in the bilateral caudate, lentiform and thalamus. 1H-MRS was processed to determine the metabolite ratios, including NAA/Cho, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr. Seventy healthy subjects were divided into 3 groups:20 to 39 years of age group, 40 to 59 years of age group and 60 to 87 years of age group. The three groups of healthy participants were compared. Results There was a significant decrease with aging in the NAA/Cho ratio in the bilateral lcntiform, thalamus and left caudate, and a significant decrease with aging in NAA/Cr ratio in the bilateral thalamus,right lentiform and left caudate (P<0.05), whereas the Cho/Cr ratio was significantly increased in the bilateral lentiform with aging(P<0.05). Conclusions The results of 1H-MRS show significant changes in the level of metabolites during the process of aging. This technique may play an important role in clinical studies and applications for various conditions of metabolic disorders of the human brain.

Objective To evaluate the value of quantitative 3T dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of breast lesions. Methods One-hundred and eighteen patients suspected of breast lesions underwent MRI examination. A 3.0 T MR scanner was used to obtain the quantitative MR pharmacokinetic parameters: Ktrans( volume transfer constant), Kep (exchange rate constant) and Ve (extravascular extracellular volume fraction). The mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of malignant, benign and normal glandular tissues were calculated and compared each other using LSD method. Independent sample t test was used between invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ (microinvasion included). Finally, the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of Ktrans, Kep and Ve between malignant and benign lesions were compared. Results The mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of malignant lesions (n=87) were (1.010±0.580) min-1, (1.634 ± 1.481) min-1 and (0.735 ±0.273); the mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of benign lesions (n=23) were (0.331±0.192) min - 1, (0.417±0.324) min - 1 and (0.847±0.291); and the mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of normal glandular tissues (n =83) were (0.051 ±0.028) min-1, (0.133±0.125) min-1 and (0.597±0.354), respectively. There were significant differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions, normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions, benign and malignant lesions in Ktrans (t=9.681, 11.189, 5. 590, respectively, P ＜ 0. 01 ), normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions, benign and malignant lesions in Kep(t =5. 287, 3. 874, P＜0. 05). There were a statistic differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions, normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions in Ve(t =2. 932, 2. 562 ,P ＜0. 05). There were no significant differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions in Kep, benign and malignant lesions in Ve ( t = 0. 760, 0. 832, P ＞ 0.05 ),invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ (microinvasion included) in Ktrans, Kep and Ve(t =0.834,0.075,0.454,P＞0.05). The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of Ktrans, Kep and Ve between malignant and benign lesions were 0. 934, 0. 941 and 0. 659. The sensitivity of Ktrans, Kep and Ve were 77.01% ,91.95% ,56. 32% and the specificity of Ktrans, Kep and Ve were 95. 65%, 86. 96%, 78.26% for the differential diagnosis of breast lesions if taken the maximum Youden's index as cut-off. Conclusion The differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions by Ktrans, Kep is applicable.

Listeriamonocytogenes is a facultative intracellular bacterium that enters professional antigen presenting cells , presents passenger antigens to the major histocompatibility complex class I and II pathways ,then elicits CD+4 and CD+8 T-cell-mediated immune responses .It was demonstrated that attenuated Listeriamonocytogenes as a novel live vaccine vector in deliv-ering tumor antigens of cervical cancer and melanoma etc .,could induce strong protective immune response ,and shows effec-tive antitumor immunotherapeutics .This review discussed the characteristics of immune responses elicited by Listeria monocy-togenes ,and the progress of its antitumor immunotherapeutics as delivery vaccine vector .

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of dual-energy subtraction radiography (DESR) in the detection of rib bone lesions. METHODS: The images of DESR and digital radiography (DR) in 66 patients with 118 rib bone lesions were reviewed. The detectability of DESR and DR in the rib bone lesions was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) method, and their detection rates were compared in different thoracic regions such as those overlaid with the diaphragm and the mediastinum, located in the region of midaxillary line,and the rest. RESULTS: In the detection of rib bone lesions, the area under ROC curve in the DESR group (Az=0.946) was significantly larger than that in the DR group (Az=0.755). In different regions of the rib lesions, the detection rates of DESR were significantly larger than those of DR (P<0.05). CONCLUSION DESR can improve the detection of rib bone lesions, and is a useful supplement to DR.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography, Dual-Energy Scanned Projection ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Rib Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; Ribs ; diagnostic imaging ; Young Adult

ObjectiveTo study the MR Imaging features of breast phyllodes tumor (PT),and to correlate it with pathological results.MethodClinical and MRI findings were retrospectively reviewed in twenty-seven women with 28 PTs lesions confirmed by surgical pathology.Statistical analyses were one-way ANOVA for size analysis,Fisher exact test for analysis of MR appearances and Spearman correlation to study the relationship between MRI findings and BI-RADS categories.Results( 1 ) The histologic findings were benign,borderline and malignant PTs in 14.3％ (4/28),53.6％ (15/28) and 32.1％ (9/28) of lesions,respectively.(2) The mean maximum-diameter were (6.4 ± 3.9) cm,(5.7 ± 2.2) cm in borderline type and (4.8 ± 1.8)cm in benign type respectively.The results showed differences in lesion's size among the three type (F = 287.541,P =0.000),especially between malignant and benign type (P = 0.033 ).(3)Internal non-enhanced septations and silt-like changes on enhanced images,as well as time-signal curve on MRI correlated significantly with the histological grade ( P ＜ 0.05 ).( 4 ) If the category BI-RADS ≥ 4a was considered to be a suspicious sign for malignant lesion,the diagnostic accuracy of MRI would be 96.4％ (27/28),and the BI-RADS category of the MRI could reflect the PT's histological grade with a low correlation coefficient ( r = 0.382,P = 0.045 ).Conclusion The findings of PT on MRI have some characteristics,with tumor size and several MRI features correlating with the histological grade of breast PT.