Objective To investigate antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii (A.baumannii)causing hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP),so as to guide rational use of antimicrobial agents and reduce antimicrobial re-sistant rate.Methods Clinical data of patients with A.baumannii HAP in a hospital between 2009 and 2012 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Antimicrobial resistance data were summarized and analyzed statistically ac-cording to uniformed methods.Results A total of 284 patients developed A.baumannii HAP,patients mainly distributed in intensive care unit(45.07%),department of respiratory diseases(19.01%),neurosurgery (9.15%),and neurology (5.99%).The incidences of A.baumannii HAP,multidrug-resistant A.baumannii (MDR-AB)HAP,and extensively drug-resistant A.baumannii (XDR-AB)HAP increased year by year.The total resistant rates of A.baumannii to cef-operazone/sulbactam (9.51%)and minocycline(9.86%)were low,to levofloxacin(43.66%)and ciprofloxacin(45.42%) were relatively higher;resistant rates to imipenem and meropenem were 16.20%and 20.42% respectively.The resistant rates to meropenem,imipenem,cefoperazone/sulbactam,and ampicillin/sulbactam increased year by year (all P <0.05). Conclusion Antimicrobial resistance of A.baumannii is serious,it is essential to strengthen the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance of A.baumannii,and prevent the spread in hospital.

AIM:ToinvestigatetheeffectofP21-activatedkinase1(PAK1)andlymphoidenhancer-binding factor 1(LEF1) on the proliferation of esophagus cancer cells .METHODS:Real-time PCR was applied to detect the mR-NA expression of PAK1 and LEF1 in the esophagus cancer tissues .MTT assay were used to measure the proliferation of hu-man esophagus cancer cell line KYSE transfected with PAK 1 and LEF1.RESULTS: The mRNA expression of PAK1 in the esophagus cancer tissues was lower than that in control group (P<0.05).The mRNA expression of LEF1 and tran-scription factor 4 (TCF4) in the esophagus cancer tissues was higher than that in control group (P<0.05).The prolifera-tion of KYSE cells with over-expression of PAK1 and LEF1 was higher than that in control group .No significant change of apoptosis between the KYSE cells with over-expression of PAK1 and LEF1 and control group was observed .CONCLU-SION:The expression of PAK1 decreases and the expression of LEF 1 increases in esophagus cancer tissues .LEF1 domi-nantly regulates the proliferation of esophagus cancer cells .

ObjectiveTo evaluate the function of the salivary glands with gustatory stimulation by using MR DWI.MethodsA prospective study was conducted in 30 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who had normal salivary function.A DWI sequence was performed on the salivary glands at resting state,and continually repeated on the parotid immediately after oral ascorbic acid stimulation over a period of 21 minutes (once every 18 seconds).The multiple b-values (0,400,600,800,1000 s/mm2) were used.ADC maps were evaluated with a manually placed region of interest including the entire salivary gland.The ADC of each gland was obtained by taking the mean of values on three contiguous sections containing the largest areas of the gland.The paired two-tailed Student t test was used to compare the ADC values of the parotid and the submandibular glands at rest,and of the parotid before and after stimulation.ResultsThe mean ADC value at rest was significantly lower in the parotid [ (1.23 ±0.12) × 10-3 mm2/s] than in the submandibular glands [(1.34 ± 0.07 ) × 10 -3 mm2/s,t =4.545,P ＜ 0.01 ].After acid stimulation,the ADC value increased from the baseline to (1.41 ±0.19) × 10-3 mm2/s firstly and then fluctuated at the following time,with a peak value of ( 1.49 ± 0.20 )× 10 -3 mm2/s and the average value of ( 1.36 ±0.17) × 10-3 mm2/s.The average value was significantly different from the baseline value (t =15.127,t =11.905,P ＜ 0.01 ).The minimum value [ ( 1.24 ± 0.14) × 10-3 mm2/s] was not significantly different compared to the baseline value (t =1.329,P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionMR DW1 can noninvasively evaluate the physiologic changes of salivary glands before and after acid stimulation.

Objective To establish a chemiluminecentdetection method ( CLIA ) of HCV IgG antibody for the detection of HCV infection and therefore lay a foundation for the research and development of testing kit.Methods Based upon the indirect ELISA method, the microwell plate was coated with HCV-NS3 and HCV-Core antigen expressed through gene engineering, and the anti-human IgG antibody was labeled with horse radish peroxidase.In this way, the chemiluminesent detection method of HCV IgG antibody was established.Meanwhile, the serum specimen of randomly selected 198 patients infected with HCV from No.302 Hospital of PLA and 222 blood donors, and the results were compared.Results The HCV-IgG antibody, a positive consistent rate of 99.0%( 196/198 ) , a negative consistent rate of 98.2%(218/222), and a total consistent rate of 98.6%(414/420) were found through testing 420 serum specimen with self-made agent and contrast agent.One HCV positive serum was repetitively tested with the self-made agent for 10 times, and a coefficient of variation ( CV) of less than 10% was found.Conclusion The chemiluminescent detection method of HCV IgG antibody is initially established, and the method, with an outstanding specificity and sensitivity, is applicable for screening blood donors, clinically detecting HCV infection as well as epidemiological survey.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) as a noninvasive tool to assess salivary gland function for follow-up of patients with radiation-induced xerostomia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 23 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who had been treated with parotid-sparing radiotherapy (RT). Salivary function was assessed by DW-MRI pre-treatment and one week and one year post-RT, respectively. The maximum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of parotid glands (pADCmax) and the time to peak ADC of parotid glands (pTmax) during stimulation were obtained. Multivariate analysis was used to analyze factors correlated with the severity of radiation-induced xerostomia. RESULTS: The ADCs of parotid and submandibular glands (1.26 ± 0.10 × 10−3 mm2/s and 1.32 ± 0.07 × 10−3 mm2/s pre-RT, respectively) both showed an increase in all patients at one week post-RT (1.75 ± 0.16 × 10−3 mm2/s, p < 0.001 and 1.70 ± 0.16 × 10−3 mm2/s, p < 0.001, respectively), followed by a decrease in parotid glands at one year post-RT(1.57 ± 0.15 × 10−3 mm2/s, p < 0.001) but not in submandibular glands (1.69 ± 0.18 × 10−3 mm2/s, p = 0.581). An improvement in xerostomia was found in 13 patients at one year post-RT. Multivariate analysis revealed 4 significant predictors for the improvement of xerostomia, including dose to parotid glands (p = 0.009, odds ratio [OR] = 0.639), the ADC of submandibular glands (p = 0.013, OR = 3.295), pADCmax (p = 0.024, OR = 0.474), and pTmax (p = 0.017, OR = 0.729) at one week post-RT. CONCLUSION: The ADC value is a sensitive indicator for salivary gland dysfunction. DW-MRI is potentially useful for noninvasively predicting the severity of radiation-induced xerostomia.
Diffusion ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Odds Ratio ; Parotid Gland ; Radiotherapy ; Salivary Glands* ; Submandibular Gland ; Xerostomia*

Objective To investigate the correlation between the elastographic characteristics of liver and postoperative function of liver allografts.Methods Forty-eight cases of liver transplantation from The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were analyzed,Shear wave elastography (SWE) was performed before operation or at one week or one month post-operation.Liver function was evaluated by measuring alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),total bilirubin (TBIL),γ-glutamine transferase (GGT),albumin (ALB),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),and international normalized ratio (INR).Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) was also analyzed with reference to SWE among liver transplant recipients.Results SWE at one week after transplantation was significantly correlated with TBIL (r=0.525 6,P<0.01),APTT (r=0.668 3,P<0.000 1),PT (r=0.593 7,P=0.000 1),INR (r=0.609 6,P<0.000 1) and prealbumin (r=-0.464 1,P<0.01).However,no significant correlation was observed between pre-operative SWE and parameters of post-operative liver function.SWE in EAD patients was higher than that of patients without EAD (17.60±1.09 kPa vs.13.38±0.99 kPa,P<0.01).The optimal cut-off value of SWE at one week post-operation was 14.85 kPa.Conclusion Postoperative SWE is significantly correlated with postoperative liver function tests and EAD,suggesting SWE is a potential test for evaluating the quality of liver allografts.