Objective:To explore the effect of venetoclax-based therapy on relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM) patients harboring t(11;14).Methods:The data of a relapsed/refractory MM patient harboring t(11;14) treated with venetoclax-based regimen admitted to Shanghai Changzheng Hospital in June 2019 was retrospectively analyzed and the literatures were reviewed.Results:The relapsed/refractory MM patient harboring t(11;14) had progression of disease after 3 lines of therapies, and then was treated with the selective bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax combined with daratumumab and dexamethasone. As a result, the patient achieved partial remission and better hemogram recovery. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of physical status decreased from 3 to 1, and the quality of life was improved significantly.Conclusions:The relapsed/refractory MM patients harboring t(11;14) could benefit from venetoclax-based therapy. In the future, the safety, sensitivity and other performances of venetoclax in the treatment of MM should be further explored.

A droplet digital polymerase chain reaction ( ddPCR) method for quantifying E. coli O157:H7 by targeting rfbE gene was developed. The probe concentration in ddPCR was optimized and the linearity range, precision, limit of detection ( LOD) and limit of quantification ( LOQ) were also evaluated. The optimized probe concentration was 300 nmol/L. The ddPCR response was linear over the E. coli O157:H7 genome DNA concentration range from 4 to 1. 25×105 copies in 20 μL ddPCR system and the linear correlation coefficient (R2) was 0. 999. The ddPCR precision (RSD) was less than 5% over the DNA concentration range from 760 to 88400 copies/20 μL. The LOD and LOQ was 3 copies in 20 μL and 4 copies in 20 μL, respectively. Specificity test showed that the ddPCR was specific for detecting E. coli O157:H7. Both ddPCR and standard real time quantitative PCR showed the same results for 16 real samples of chicken meat, pork and beef, which indicated that ddPCR method was suitable for detection of E. coli O157:H7 in food.

BACKGROUND:Sleep deprivation, resulting in a series of physiological and psychological reactions, is a common phenomenon in our modem society. Recently, many physical and medical therapies are on their way to eliminate the negative influence the sleep deprivation exerted on our human beings, and a large number of cigarette smokers believe that cigarette smoke can obviously improve their abnormal behavioral performance and negative emotional fluctuation caused by sleep deprivation in short terms.However, there are few researches but many disputes when it comes to effect of passive smoking on the behavior and emotion of rats on the occasion of acute sleep deprivation.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of passive smoking (PS) on the behavior and emotion of rats with acute sleep deprivation (SD).DESIGN: Completed randomized and controlled study.SETTING: Basic Medicine Experiment Center, School of Basic Medicine;Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out at Experiment Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from April to June 2004. Totally 49 healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,being 3 months old, weighting (180±15) g, were randomly divided into 5groups: sleep deprivation + 24-hour passive smoking group (n=8), 24-hour sleep deprivation group (n=8), sleep deprivation + 54-hour passive smoking group (n=8), 54-hour sleep deprivation group (n=8), and blank control group (n=7).METHODS: ① Rats in sleep deprivation + 24-hour passive smoking group, 24-hour sleep deprivation group, sleep deprivation + 54-hour passive smoking group and 54-hour sleep deprivation group were performed with sleep deprivation with flower pot method for 24 and 54 hours, and rats in sleep deprivation + 24-hour passive smoking group and sleep deprivation + 54-hour passive smoking group were treated with passive smoking at the same time at a frequency of 12 times/day, 120 minute/time, 3cigarettes were lighted at the same time and kept into ashes. ② Broad field test was conducted to determine the behavioral and emotional changes of the rats. We trailed their activities by video recorder for 5 minutes each time. Then we presented the image information to computer process and finally got the total distance and the average distance from the center of the broad field for each rat during the 5-minite test. Meanwhile, we also observed the emotional variety and excitability of the rats. The nearer the average distance from center was, the more the emotional behavior and the greater excitability were; and the longer the total distance was, the greater the excitability was. ③ All the data were expressed with Mean ± SD, the method of non-parametric rank sum test was adopte d for comparing among groups, P ＜ 0.05 was regarded as statistical significance.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparisons between DC and TD of rats in each group, and changes of behavior and emotion of rats in each group.RESULTS: Data of all the 49 rats was entered the final data analysis without any loss. ① Observation of emotional stage: Compared with sleep deprivation + 54-hour passive smoking group, rats in sleep deprivation+24-hour passive smoking group appeared more quiet and indifferent, and presented lower excitability, less sensitivity to outside stimulus and less aggressive behaviors towards other rats, and the same as 24-hour sleep deprivation group, compared with 54-hour sleep deprivation group. ② Results from the open field test: DC of 24-hour sleep deprivation group was significantly smaller than that of blank control group and sleep deprivation + 24-hour passive smoking group [(53.93±1.83, 58.21±4.45, 58.11±1.62) cm, (P＜ 0.01-0.05)]. DC of 54-hour sleep deprivation group was significantly bigger than that of 24-hour sleep deprivation group [(61.53±3.02, 58.11±1.62) cm, (P＜ 0.01)]; TD of 24-hour sleep deprivation group was significantly bigger than that of sleep deprivation + 24-hour passive smoking group [(3310.45±1 445.97, 1 818.20±733.25, 2 338.15±694.70) cm, (P ＜ 0.01-0.05)], and that of 54-hour sleep deprivation group was bigger than that of sleep deprivation + 54-hour passive smoking group andsmaller than that of 24-hour sleep deprivation group [(2 410.70t548.64, 1 473.50±945.89, 3 310.45±1 445.97) cm, (P＜0.05)].CONCLUSION: With the prolongation of sleep deprivation time, behavior and emotional reaction of rats are shown from exciting to inhibiting, however, passive smoking can inhibit behavior and emotional state of rats during the whole sleep deprivation.

Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture plus rehabilitation in treating deglutition disorders due to cerebral stroke and its effect on each link of the neural pathway of deglutition function. Method By adopting the prospective randomized controlled method, ninety-nine patients with deglutition disorders after cerebral stroke were recruited and divided into an acupuncture-rehabilitation group, a pharyngeal acupuncture group, and a control group, respectively 33 cases, 34 cases, and 32 cases in each group. The acupuncture-rehabilitation group was intervened by acupuncture respectively at scalp, pharyngeal, and the root of tongue plus basic treatment, the pharyngeal acupuncture group was by acupuncture at the deglutition point (Extra) plus basic treatment, while the control group was by the basic treatment alone, once a day, 4 weeks in total. The Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and Clinical Nursing Swallowing Assessment Tool (CNSAT) were evaluated and statistically analyzed before and after intervention. Result The component scores of CNSAT were significantly improved after intervention in the acupuncture-rehabilitation group (P<0.01); the component scores of CNSAT were significantly changed after intervention in the pharyngeal acupuncture group (P<0.05);the CNSAT component scores in the acupuncture-rehabilitation group were significantly different from that in the pharyngeal acupuncture group and control group after intervention (P<0.01); the CNSAT component scores in the pharyngeal acupuncture group were significantly different from that in the control group after intervention (P<0.05). The FOIS scores were enhanced in the three groups after treatment; the FOIS score was significantly changed in the acupuncture-rehabilitation group after intervention (P<0.01);the FOIS score was markedly changed in the pharyngeal acupuncture group after intervention (P<0.05);the FOIS scores in the acupuncture-rehabilitation group and pharyngeal acupuncture group were both significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01,P<0.05). Conclusion The scalp-pharyngeal-root of tongue sequential-acupuncture plus rehabilitation can effectively mitigate the deglutition problems after cerebral stroke, improve the food-intake ability of the patients, and reduce the risk of mistake inhalation.

Objective To investigate protective effects of thrombopoietin ( TPO) on cerebral model control in rats and associated signal transduction pathway. Methods Thread embolism was performed to generate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rat model. Eighty male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model control group, TPO group, TPO and Janus kinase 2 ( JAK2 ) kinase inhibitor ( AG490 ) group. Before 30 min of ischemia-reperfusion, TPO group was given TPO (5 μg·kg-1) by intraperitoneal injection, TPO + AG490 group was given TPO (5 μg·kg-1) before 30 min of ischemia reperfusion, then given AG490 (8 μg·kg-1), and model control group were given the same dose of 0. 9% sodium chloride solution. The observation time points were 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after ischemia reperfusion. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting were used to measure the protein levels of Bcl-2, JAK2 and signal transducer & activator of transcription (STAT3). TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to detect apoptosis. Results Compared with model control group, the number of apoptotic cells were significantly reduced [(67. 50±9. 37) vs. (40. 20±7. 47)], the expression levels of Bcl-2, JAK2 and STAT3 protein were significantly increased [(35. 40±7. 39) vs. (78. 70±9. 75);(35. 68±6. 75) vs. (62.35±7.53); (25.40±9.45) vs.(55.36±9.69), respectively] 24 h after ischeia reperfusion in the TPO group (all P<0. 05). Compared with the TPO group, the Bcl-2, JAK2 and STAT3 protein levels were significantly decreased in TPO and AG490 group [(78. 70±9. 75) vs. (55. 40±9. 35);(62. 35±7. 53) vs. (40. 68±5. 89); (55. 36±9. 69) vs. (30. 40±9. 39), respetively], and the number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased [(40. 20±7. 47) vs. (55. 23±7. 65)] (all P<0. 05). Conclusion TPO can inhibit cell apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion injury, the mechanism might be related to the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signal transduction pathway through raising the expression of Bcl-2 gene.

Objective To investigate the expression of Kuppel-like factor 2( KLF2 )after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion( I/R)injury in rats and the intervention effect of nuclear factor kappa B ( NF-κB)inhibitor. Methods Sixty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group,an I/R group,and a NF-κB inhibitor group( n=20 in each group). A focal cerebral I/R model was induced by the intraluminal suture method,and NF-κB inhibitor( pyrrolidinedithio carbamate,PDTC)was given to intervene. The observation time points were 6,12,24,and 48 hours after I/R. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and Western blot were used to measure KLF2 mRNA and protein expression in ischemic brain tissue. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of serum tumor necrosis factorα( TNF-α),and they were compared among groups. Results Compared with the sham operation group,the expression levels of KLF2 mRNA and protein in I/R group in the ischemic brain tissue at each time point were averagely decreased( the relative expression levels of KLF2 mRNA:0. 46 ± 0. 03 vs. 0. 82 ± 0. 04,0. 30 ± 0. 04 vs. 0. 78 ± 0. 05,0. 18 ± 0. 04 vs. 0. 76 ± 0. 02,0. 26 ± 0. 02 vs. 0. 81 ± 0. 04,respectively;the relative expression levels of KLF2 protein:0. 46 ± 0. 04 vs. 0. 80 ± 0. 02,0. 30 ± 0. 02 vs. 0. 79 ± 0. 02,0. 15 ± 0. 02 vs. 0. 77 ± 0. 01,0. 24 ± 0. 01 vs. 0. 79 ± 0. 02,respectively). They reached the lowest values at 24 hours after I/R,while the serum TNF-αlevels were increased. There were significant differences(all P<0. 05). After giving NF-κB inhibitor PDTC,the expression levels of KLF2 mRNA and protein at 6,12,24,and 48 hours after I/R were upregulated differently compared with the I/R group. The relative expression levels of KLF2 mRNA were 0. 61 ± 0. 04,0. 44 ± 0. 03,0. 34 ± 0. 02,and 0. 43 ± 0. 04, respectively. Those of KLF2 protein were 0. 60 ± 0. 02,0. 43 ± 0. 02,0. 33 ± 0. 01,and 0. 44 ± 0. 03, respectively,while the levels of TNF-αwere decreased. There were significant differences(all P<0. 05). There was a negative correlation between the KLF2 mRNA levels and the serum TNF-αlevels at each time point in the I/R group and the PDTC group( r= —0. 728 ,P<0. 05 ). Conclusions The expression levels of KLF2 mRNA in brain tissue are decreased after I/R,and it is negatively correlated with the serum TNF-α levels. It may be involved in the pathological process of I/R by NF-κB pathway mediated inflammatory reaction.

Objective To detect artificial radionuclide content in the spinach and soil in open air vegetable garden in Beijing during Fukushima nuclear accident and to study the radioactive contamination characteristics of the samples.Methods 6 spinach samples and 3 soil samples in open air vegetable garden were obtained through continuously sampling.High-purity germanium (HPGe) γ spectrometry was used to analyze activity concentrations of artificial radionuclide131 Ⅰ etc in these samples.Results Artificial radionuclide 131Ⅰ was detected in the 6 open air spinach samples.Artificial radionuclide 137Cs was detected in 3 vegetable garden soil samples,trace amount of 131 Ⅰ was detected in 1 open-air surface soil sample alone.Conclusions Following the Fukushima nuclear accident,spinach in Beijing's open-air vegetable garden was slightly polluted by artificial radionuclide 131 Ⅰ,with the highest values of pollution appeared around April 4,2011,but it could not cause harm to human health.

Objective Our purpose was to investigate the pathogenic gene mutation of a Han Chinese family with vitreous amyloidosis.Methods The 9 individuals(proband,1 affected member and 7 unaffected members) of the family were selected and their DNA was extracted from peripheral blood.The 4 exons of transthyretin(TTR) gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) technique.The amplified products of TTR gene were sequencing by Sanger technique.We also selected 100 unrelated healthy individual as the control group.Results By DNA sequencing,a heterozygous mutation was found in 4 of the 9 subjects from the family.The transition of adenine to cytosine(AAG ＞ ACG) was detectable in exon 2 of TTR,which changed the amino acid composition at codon 35 (Lys35Thr).This mutation did not presented in control group.Conclusion The heterozygosis mutation of TTR gene Lys35Thr should be a pathogenic mutation for the family with vitreous amyloidosis.

OBJECTIVETo express a fusion protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with a mucosal adjuvant.

METHODSThe gene coding Loop VI-VIII(PL678) of porin, an out-membrane protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, was obtained by PCR. It was inserted into a plasmid fused with subunit B of heat labile enterotoxin. The recombinant was transformed in E. coli. The expression of fusion protein was analysed by ELISA, SDS-PAGE and Western-blot.

RESULTFusion protein with LTB was successfully expressed, and displayed both the ability of binding GM1 and the reactogenicity with polyclonal antibodies against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of fusion protein laid a foundation for the study of the intramolecular vaccine against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Bacterial Toxins ; biosynthesis ; Bacterial Vaccines ; immunology ; Enterotoxins ; biosynthesis ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; chemistry ; immunology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology

Objective To investigate the clinical value and experience of transperitoneal and retroperitoneal robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for renal hi1 ar tumors.Methods We evaluated 48 patients who had partial nephrectomy for renal hilar tumor by robotic surgical syestem from January 2013 to March 2017.In those cases,35 were male and 13 were female,with an average age of 57.3 (range from 41 to 75 ),27 cases were ventral tumor and 21 cases were dorsal tumor.3 cases were totally confined to the renal parenchyma,the other 45 cases were partially confined to the renal parenchyma.18 cases were performed surgery by retroperitoneal route,the rest 30 cases were performed by peritoneal route.Results A total of 48 patients underwent successful robotic partial nephrectomy for renal hilar tumors.The mean warm ischemia time was 22 minutes (range from 16 to 33 minutes) and the mean estimated blood loss was 88 md (range from 50 to 350 ml).No bleeding-related complications were found.Histopathology confirmed 39 cases of ccRCC,7 cases of angioleiomyolipoma,2 cases of renal oncocytoma.There was one case in this review was positive surgical margin (2.1％) and found no sign of recurrence during the short term post-operation follow-up.All cases in this review are following up after surgery to date from 2 months to 4 years,no cases of tumor recurrence or metastasis were found.Conclusions The application of transperitoneal and retroperitoneal RAPN is the effective and safe way for renal hilar tumor resection,and it has a clear advantage of renal surgical incision stitching and tumor complete resection.The choice of surgical approaches depends on the size and location of tumor and the clinical experience of the surgeon.