Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are tissue specific stem cells that replenish all mature blood lineages during the lifetime of an individual. Hematopoietic cell clusters in the aorta of vertebrate embryos play a pivotal role in the formation of the adult blood system. Recently, people have learned a lot about the embryonic HSCs on their development and homing. During their differentiation, HSCs are regulated by the transcription factors, such as Runx1 and Notch signaling pathway, etc. MicroRNAs also regulate the self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells on the post-transcriptional levels. Since the onset of circulation, the formation of HSCs and their differentiation into blood cells, especially red blood cells, are regulated by the hemodynamic forces. It would be of great significance if we could treat hematologic diseases with induced HSCs in vitro on the basis of fully understanding of hemotopoietic stem cell development. This review is focused on the advances in the research of HSCs' development and regulation.
Blood Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors ; physiology

Objective To observe the application effect of nursing intervention in the risk management of emergency department,and provide theoretical basis for subsequent work.Methods From January to December,2010,nursing intervention concepts were introduced to risk management in the emergency department and relevant work was carried out,1268 patients were admitted during this period.754 patients before nursing intervention from January to December,2009 were selected.The results were analyzed and compared before and after nursing intervention was implemented.Results The satisfaction degree after nursing intervention was 98.00％,significantly higher than 80.00％ before the nursing intervention.The nursing error or fault was 1 case after nursing intervention,and was 10 cases before the nursing intervention.The annual theoretical examination score was (76.48 + 12.14) and (86.44 + 10.43) before and after nursing intervention,the difference was statistically significant.Condusions The application of nursing intervention in the risk management of the emergency department can improve patients' satisfaction degree,reduce the nursing error and negligence,improve the ability of nursing staff,so it has certain application value.

Rabbit blood samples were exposed to constant magnetic field within a range of intensity from 0.05 T to 0.35 T for 10 to 50 minutes, the propersities of hemorheology were measured by ektacytometry. The following results were obtained: The blood viscosity was lowed;The RBCs deformability was not changed obviously except for 10 minutes of exposure when the RBC＇s deformability was strongly decreased; The orientation index was increased; The results indicate that the magnetic field increases the RBC surface charge and results in the decrease of blood viscosity.

Objective:To investigate influences of two different HLA-B antigens expressed on K562 cells on receptors expression of NK cells from peripheral blood lymphocytes.Methods:Studied the alteration of the percentage of CD16+CD56+ cells and the percentage of KIR3DL1+ cells before and after PBMC interaction with K562 cells for 24 hours,and also compared the percentage of CD16+CD56+ cells and the percentage of KIR3DL1+ cells after PBMC interaction with two different kind of K562 cells transfected with HLA-B39 and HLA-B51 respectively.Results:After PBMCs were incubated with K562 cells for 24 hours,the percentage of CD16+CD56+ cells and the percentage of KIR3DL1+ cells were both increased.However,after PBMCs were incubated with K562-HLA-B51 cells for 24 hours,the percentage of KIR3DL1+ cells and the percentage of CD16+CD56+ cells were both decreased in comparison with that interaction with K562-HLA-B39 cells.Conclusion:CD16 up-regulation was associated with an up-regulation of inhibitory receptors(KIR3DL1).The interaction between HLA-Bw4 and KIR3DL1 would down-regulate the expression of KIR3DL1.In addition,KIR3DL1 down-regulation was associated with down-regulation of activating receptors(CD16).

Objective To investigate Lovastatin's effects on proliferation and adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods Culture medium with different concentration of Lovastatin(0.001、0.01、0.1、1.0、10μmol/L) was prepared, HUVECs was cultured in 96 well-plate with the different medium. AT the point of 24,72 and 120 h, the cell's activity and quantity was assessed by MTT. HUVECs was cultured with Lovastatin in 6 well-plate for 24 hours, then collected the cells by trypsin digestion. The cells were seeded in 24 well-plate with 2×104/ml and adhering for 30 mins. Then counting the adhered cells in different wells. Results At 24 h, Lovastatin (0.01、 0.1 μmol/L ) promoted proliferation of HUVECs ( P ＜ 0.05 ); at 72 h, Lovastatin ( 1.0μmol/L) was positive accelerating cell growth(P＜ 0.05 ). While Lovastatin ( 10μmol/L) inhibited the proliferation significantly ( P ＜0.05 ) at 120 h. As HUVECs was cultured with Lovastatin for 24 hours, Lovastatin (0.1、1μmol/L) inhanced the adhesion capability of HUVECs significantly( P＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion Lovastatin had biphasic effects on proliferation and adhesion of HUVECs dependent on the concentration. Lovastatin (0.1、1.0 μmol/L) could promote the proliferation and adhesion, while at higher concentration ( 10.0μmol/L) it inhibits cell proliferation and adhesion.

Objective To investigate whether MICA gene exon 2,3 and 4 polymorphism is associated with seronegative spondylarthropathies (SpA) or not in Chinese Han population.Methods All 199 B27 positive patients with SpA and 183 randomly ethnically matched healthy controls,and 12 B27 positive controls were enrolled to detect the MICA genotype from its exons 2,3 and 4 by using PCR SSOP method in Shanghai area.Results The MICA007 allele frequency was significantly more in the patient group (18 0%) than in the randomly healthy control group (6 6%) (RR=3 04, P =0 000 045).However,the MICA007 allele frequency was not significantly higher in the B27 positive patient group than in the B27 positive control group.Conclusion The MICA007 allele itself may not be the real disease susceptibility gene involved in the development of ankylosing spondylitis.The increased frequency of MICA007 allele is supposed to be due to a strong linkage disequilibrium between MICA and HLA B genes.

Objective To investigate whether the killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor (KIR) gene polymorphisms are associated with seronegative spondylarthropathies.Methods All 197 HLA B27 positive patients with seronegative spondyloarthro pathies (SpA) and 83 randomly ethnically matched healthy controls were enrolled to detect the KIR genotype using PCR SSP in Shanghai area.Results The KIR3DL1 gene frequency was significantly lower in the patient group (0 763) than in the control group (1 00) (RR=0 76, P =0 003).Meanwhile,the gene frequencies of two pseudogenes (KIR2DP1,KIR3DP1) were significantly higher in SpA group than in healthy control group (RR=1 1, P =0 004).Conclusion There may be a negative association between pathogenesis of SpA and KIR3DL1 gene.The function of KIR3DL1 molecule should be investigated deeply.

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effects of cholecystokinin octapeptide(CCK-8) on nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) activities stimulated by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) by using forskolin,the activator of adenylate cyclase,and PKA inhibitor H-89 in rat pulmonary interstitial macrophages(PIMs).METHODS: PIMs were isolated and purified.EMDA was applied to detect NF-?B activities and Western blotting was used to analyze the I?B-? protein level in rat PIMs.RESULTS: The NF-?B activity was not detected in normal control rat PIMs.The NF-?B activity in LPS-treated rat PIMs was obviously higher than that in control group(P0.05).The NF-?B activity in CCK+LPS group and LPS+Fsk group were obviously lower than that in LPS group(P

Hyperuricemia is a risk factor for various diseases, but knowledge on acute hyperuricemia is still not sufficient. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of acute hyperuricemia on red blood cells from hemorheological point of view, and to provide the reference for clinical treatment. The rats were gavaged with 500 mg/kg hypoxanthine and intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg oxonate to induce the model of acute hyperuricemia. The same volume of blood samples were drawn within time period of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 6 h, respectively, from the inner canthus of rats to measure the serum uric acid, hemorheological parameters and the malondialdehyde level. It was found that in each period of 1, 2 and 3 h, the rats had significantly higher levels of uric acid. The integrated deformation index and relax index were increased. The hemolysis rate was significantly reduced. The plasma malondialdehyde level was obviously decreased at the end of 2 h. The results suggested that short-term elevated uric acid could improve the hemorheological parameters and the lipid oxidative level in red blood cells.
Animals ; Erythrocytes ; Hemorheology ; Hyperuricemia ; blood ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Uric Acid ; blood

Objective To compare the effects of selenium nanoparticles (Nano-Se) and sodium selenium (Na2SeO3) on apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of articular chondrocytes from patients with Kashin-Beck Disease (KBD) in vitro,and provide a scientific basis for preventing KBD.Methods The subjects with KBD were diagnosed on National Clinical Diagnostic Criteria of KBD (WS/T207-2010),articular cartilage from 8 patients undertaken joint replacement operation were collected.In vitro,chondrocytes were treated with concentration of 0,25,50,100,200,300,400 and 500 μg/L of Nano-Se and Na2SeO3 for 5 d,respectively.Cell growth was detected by MTT assay,and the highest concentration and time corresponding to the highest survival rate of Nano-Se and Na2SeO3 were used in the following experiment.KBD chondrocytes were treated with Nano-Se and Na2SeO3,and divided into control group,Na2SeO3 group,Nano-Se group according to the randomized design.Each group had 8 cases.The cell apoptosis and ROS were detected by flow cytometry.Results The optimal intervention concentration of Nano-Se and Na2SeO3 was 100 and 400 μg/L,respectively.The optimal intervention time of NanoSe and Na2SeO3 both was 3 days.There was a significant decrease in the total and terminal apoptosis,ROS level of chondrocytes in Nano-Se group [(4.67 ± 0.89)％,(1.51 ± 0.48)％,(56.04 ± 4.81)％] and Na2SeO3 group [(7.07 ±0.25)％,(4.37 ± 0.37)％,(87.13 ± 6.60)％] compared with those of control group [(9.95 ± 0.38)％,(6.93 ± 0.42)％,(125.17 ± 16.60)％,all P ＜ 0.01].The difference of early apoptotic rate among control group,Na2SeO3 group,NanoSe group [(3.02 ± 0.41)％,(2.7 ± 0.46)％,(3.16 ± 0.56)％] was not statistically significant (F =2.11,P =0.35).Conclusion Appropriate concentration of Nano-Se can significantly decrease oxidative stress of KBD chondrocytes and inhibit apoptosis compared to Na2SeO3.