Objective To assess the clinical value of multi-slice CT(MSCT)in showing the ear lesions.Methods MSCT high resolution scan images of 52 ears of 11 normal adult and 15 patients with hearing loss were reconstructed,by bone plus with 0.625 mm collimation,9.6 cm small field of vision(FOV)and 0.3 mm reconstruction interval before volume rendering(VR)and multiplanar reformation(MPR)were performed.Results VR,MIP and MPR images of 40 normal ears clearly showed the complicated anatomic structures.VR,MIP and MPR images of twelve abnormal ears displayed 3 ears of malformations of crus longum incudis,1 ear of destructed semicircular canals,2 ears of malleus dysplasia,2 ears of fusion of incudostapedial joint,2 ears of bony atresia of external auditory complicated with auditory ossicles dysplasia,and 2 ears of crus stapedis dysplasia.MPR is easier to manipulate than VR that has three dimensional effect butis difficult to handle.Conclusion HRCT images,combined with post-processing technique of VR,MIP and MPR,can clearly show the anatomic structures and lesions of middle and inner ears.

Objective To investigate the manifestation of HCC on superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)-enhanced MRI in rats and clarify its pathologic basis in hope of the application of SPIO-enhanced MRI in estimation of histological grading in HCC.Methods HCC was induced chronically with 1 ml of 2% DEN solution once a day in 80 rats for 14 weeks,and another 10 rats served as normal controls.All rats received dynamic MR examinations on week 16,18,20,21,22,23,24,25.MR imaging was performed before and after SPIO injection using SE-T1WI,FMPSPGR-T1WI,GRE-T2WI,FSE-PDWI,FSE-T2WI, and the relative parameters were obtained.Rats were killed as soon as MRI finished.The tumors were observed grossly and the parts matched with the lesions on MRI were cut into pieces,stained with HE and PerIs,for pathologic examination.Results Kupffer cell number in HCCs was significantly smaller than that in normal liver tissues(P

0.05, respectively), but those to noradrenaline (NA: 0.01?mol/L), histamine (His: 3?mol/L), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT: 0.1?mol/L), significantly reduced (P0.05, respectively). Under atropine or Ani pretreatment, the NA-, His- and 5-HT-elicited contractions in endothelium-denuded aorta were similar to those in endothelium-intact aorta. Conclusion Atropine and Ani can inhibit receptors-mediated constrictions of rabbit aortic vascular smooth muscle cells; the actions are endothelia independent.

Objective To observe the efficacy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) by using the 10-day sequential therapy consisting of omeprazle,amoxicillin,clarithromycin,and furazolidone,and to compare with the traditional triple-drug therapy.Methods 155 adult patients,who were Hp positive with peptic ulcer,chronic gastritis with mucosal atrophy or erosion,were selected and randomly divided into two groups.The patients in 10-day sequential therapy group received omeprazole and amoxicillin in the first 5 days followed by another 5 days of ome-prazole,clarithromycin and furazolidone.The patients in traditional triple-drug therapy group recieved omeprazole,amoxicillin,and clarithromycin for 7 days.Results The HP eradication rate of the 10-day sequential therapy group was 92.31% ,while the traditional triple-drug group was 72.73%.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusion The 10-day sequential therapy consisting of omeprazole,amoxicillin,clarithromycin and furazolidone achieved higher eradication rate,and it was safe,and good compliance.

AIM:To establish a quality standard for Xiangge Zhengqi Capsule(Herba Pogostemonis,Flos Caryophylli,Cortex Magnoliae officinalis,Rhizoma Atractylodis macrocephalae,etc.). METHODS: Xiangge Zhengqi Capsule was identified by GC.The effective components in Xiangge Zhengqi Capsule were determined by GC.The chromatographic conditions were: CP-sil 5CB capillary column(25 m?0.25 mm,0.4 ?m),FID as the detector,programmed temperature and high pure helium as carrier gas with the flow rate of 1 mL/min. RESULTS: The relevant chromatographic peak in Flos Caryophylli,Cortex Magnoliae officinalis,Herba Pogostemonis,Rhizoma Atractylodis macrocephalae and Folium Perillae were identified by GC.The contents of eugenol,magnolol and honokiol could be determined by GC. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,feasible and repeatable.It can be used as quality supervisory control of Xiangge Zhengqi Capsule.

OBJECTIVE To make a further understanding of the imaging findings of the carotid artery pseudoaneurysm (CAPA) in head and neck and to explore the clinical value of imaging in diagnosis of it, especially the angiographic diagnosis. METHODS The clinical and imaging data of 36 patients with CAPA were analyzed retrospectively. The imaging appearances in all of the patients were observed by two experienced radiologists together and formed a consensus interpretation. RESULTS Imaging examination can establish definitive diagnosis in all cases. The parent arteries included the common carotid artery (2 case), common carotid artery bifurcation (18 cases), internal carotid artery (10 cases) and external carotid artery (2 cases). The imaging features of the CAPA were:the contrast media retained in the aneuysm in all cases;the aneuysm lumen with turbulent flow in 18 cases;the"jetting sign"at the leak of the parent artery in 14 cases;increase of bifurcation angles of internal and external carotid arteries in 24 cases. CONCLUSION Imaging examination is the most valuable examination method in diagnosis of CAPA, and it can not only make definitive diagnosis, but also play an important role in selection of therapeutic planning.

Objective To investigate outcomes of transanal endoscopic microsurgery(TEM) for the treatment of rectal villous adenoma and early-stage rectal carcinoma.Methods A series of 31 patients with rectal tumors underwent TEM from November 1995 to December 2003.The operation was performed under general anesthesia.The patients were placed in a dependent position dictated by the location of the tumor.A special rectoscope was inserted into the anus with CO_2 insufflation to keep the rectum open.Under the stereoscope and laparoscopic-type instruments,the tumor was completely resected(submucosal or full-thickness excision) using a needle diathermy or a 5-mm ultrasonic dissector.The operative wound was closed with intra-lumen continuous sutures.Results The rectal tumor was completely removed with negative resection margins in all the 31 patients.The operating time was 45~220 min(mean,95 min) and the intraoperative blood loss was 0~180 ml(mean,40 ml).Complications included temporary flatus incontinence in 2 patients,acute retention of urine in 1 patient,exacerbation of chronic obstructive airway disease in 1,and secondary hemorrhage following Aspirin taking in 1.The postoperative pathological stages were pT_0 in 16 patients,pT_(is) in 2 patients,pT_1 in 7,pT_2 in 3,and pT_3 in 3.Follow-up checkups in the 31 patients for 2~92 months(mean,23 months) revealed no local recurrence.Conclusions TEM is a safe and effective minimally invasive surgical technique for the treatment of rectal villous adenoma and early rectal carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the associations between the single nucleotide polymorphisms of TERT rs2736098, CLK3 rs11543198 and bladder cancer. Methods 201 bladder cancer cases and 200 healthy controls were included in the research, and the genotypes of TERT rs2736098 and CLK3 rs11543198 were determined using the PCR-RFLP method. Relationship between genotypes and bladder cancer risks was investigated. Results There were statistical significance in the rs2736098 genotype frequencies and allele frequencies between cases and controls (χ2= 6.973, P = 0.031; χ2= 7.412, P = 0.006). Compared with the individuals with the GG genotype , the risk of bladder cancer increased 2.069 times with the AA genotype (OR = 2.069, 95%CI: 1.181-3.624, P = 0.011). And there were no significant associations between the rs11543198 genotype frequencies and allele frequencies between cases and controls (χ2 = 0.202, P = 0.904; χ2 = 0.188, P = 0.665). Rs2736098 and rs11543198 genotype distribution in bladder cancer pathologic grade and stage had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). Conclusion Rs2736098 polymorphism is associated with risk of bladder cancer and rs11543198 polymorphism was not associated with risk of bladder cancer.

Objective To study the in vivo expression and biodistribution of Ad5-Fluc (Adenovirus carrying firefly luciferase genes) in mice.Methods The recombinant Ad5-Fluc virus was constructed and infected to BALB/c or nude mice through three different routes.The protein expression level,tissue distribution and the characteristics of infection were analyzed by in vivo bioluminescence imaging technology.Results Compared to other two routes,the BALB/c mice infected through muscular route had the longest expression cycle (over 60 days) and the highest expression level,while the virus was transferred into the liver and spleen after infection.The nude mice had a significantly extended expression cycle than BALB/c mice.Moreover,the characteristic of liver tropism was eliminated after Ad5 F35 infection in mice,while maintained similar expression efficiency.Conclusion Due to the highest expression efficiency,the muscular route would be the optimal route for Ad5 vector based vaccination.In addition,Ad5F35 virus could become an ideal alternative vaccine vector for eliminating the liver tropism.

Objective To investigate the effects of calorie restriction (CR) for 4 weeks on twitch tension,titanic tension,and fatigue contraction induced by electrical stimulation in different kind skeletal muscles from rats and explore the possible mechanisms.Methods The rat model of CR was established by a limitation of 40％ calorie intake of control rats for 4 weeks,and then oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed.The soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) were isolated under anesthetization to detect twitch tension,titanic tension,and fatigue contraction induced by electrical stimulation.Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content was measured by fluorescent enzymatic methods to reflect mitochondrial function.The ratio of mitochondrial gene COX Ⅰ and nuclear gene β-actin copy number was analyzed to evaluate mitochondrial biogenesis.Furthermore,the transcriptions of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1α) and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) genes,expressions of phosphorylated adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) proteins,and nitric oxide (NO) content were determined in skeletal muscle.Results The blood glucose level at 30 min and area under the curve of blood glucose levels at various time points during OGTT were significantly decreased in the CR group compared to the control group.The twitch tension [(2.5 ± 0.15)N/cm2 vs (1.24±0.12)N/cm2,(2.66 ±0.21)N/cm2 vs (1.69 ±0.17)N/cm2,P ＜ 0.05],titanic tension [(10.43 ± 0.36) N/cm2 vs (8.06 ± 0.19) N/cm2,(11.35 ± 1.02) N/cm2 vs (8.12 ± 0.23) N/cm2,P ＜ 0.05],and fatigue contraction force in SOL and EDL from CR rats were significantly increased in association with increases of ATP content [(34.82 ±4.31)) mnol/mg protein vs (15.32 ± 1.94) nmol/mg protein,(30.82 ± 2.15) nmol/mg protein vs (12.32 ± 0.97) nmol/mg protein,P ＜ 0.05] and mitochondrial biogenesis (2.75 ± 0.20 vs 1.52 ± 0.06,1.32 ± 0.10 vs 0.84 ± 0.11,P ＜ 0.05) compared to control rats.CR for 4 weeks upregulated the transcriptions of PGC-1α and NRF genes as well as the phosphorylation of AMPK protein in SOL but not in EDL.Furthermore,CR also enhanced NOS expression and NO content in both skeletal muscles.Conclusions CR for 4 weeks can strengthen the contractile function of SOL and DL from rats,and the underlying mechanisms might be related to the upregulation of PGC-1α transcription and AMPK activation,resulting in the enhances of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial function in skeletal muscles.