Asymmetric dimethylarginine(ADMA)is a natural L-arginine analogue that reduces the bioavailability of nitric oxide in plasma and various types of tissues,acting as an endogenous NO synthase inhibitor in vivo.ADMA is considered a common pathway mediating the adverse vascular effects of traditional and nontraditional risk factors.These preclinical findings are thought to be of major importance as ADMA predicts cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Also,ADMA uniformly predicts the progression of moderate and severe CKD.The present study summarizes the latest developments in this field.

To summarize the evolution of spleen surgery and prospects the future. The knowledge on the splenic function (anti-infection, cancer and certain blood effects)gradually promotes the reform of spleen surgery in clinical practical, resulting all kinds of spleen-preserving surgery when splenic injury. However,there is still controversy about spleen removal or reservation under the condition of portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis patients, because advantages and disadvantages between these different operations. Laparoscopic splenectomy is a major progress in recent years,the standard operation need to be further explored. Spleen transplantation in the treatment of hemophilia A is one of the characteristics of the spleen surgery in China, and this is the leading position in the world, now we will focus on how to prevent chronic spleen graft dysfunction. To keep the advanced international level, Chinese teams on spleen surgery are still required to deepen the related research and strengthen the academic communication in the future.

Objective To study the method for the isolation and purification of islets from adult pig.Methods Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase,and purified by centrifugation on Nycodenz gradients.Results From each organ,(397 000±185 963)islets,corresponding to (9 860±3 043)islets per gram of pancreas,were obtained.After purification the recovery was (148 000±89 000)islets/pancreas(3 750±493)islets per gram of pancreas;the purity of the final preparation was ＞95%.The culture of the islets in vitro confirmed the viable cells.Conclusions The islets produced by this method could provide a possible source of purified,physically functional graft for dinical transplantation.

Objective To investigate the sensitization to HLA antigens and relationship between sensitization and allograft function after liver transplantation. Methods The panel reactive antibody (PRA) in serum was determined by using LAT ELISA kit in 15 recipients before and after liver transplantation. Results Moderate sensitization was detected in one of 15 cases before transplantation. The patient experienced one episode of mild rejection, which was reversed by treatment with Methylprednisolone. PRA in this patient maintained positive 3 months posttransplantation. The remaining 14 patients had negative PRA (

Objective To study clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with liver injury of acute pancreatitis.Methods 290 cases of acute pancreatitis admitted between January 2001 to October 2003 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.Results Through comparing different types of AP with liver injury and C-reactive protein (CRP) changes,it was found that the more severe AP was,the more significant liver injury was;and liver injury of severe AP had some connection with CRP(.P.

Objective To investigate the effect of low molecular weight heparin on lipid parameters in hemodialysis patients. Methods The trial was double blind, open, controlled and randomized for one year. 35 pre-dialysis patients were divided into two groups: UFH(unfractionated heparin) group(n = 13) and LMWH(low molecular weight heparin ) group(n = 22), UFH or Fragmin according to individual dosage was infused to patients of two groups respectively. The level of serum lipid, lipoprotein, apolipoprotein and activity of lipase were measured at months 0, 6 and 12 of trial. Results Significant increases in serum concentrations of TG, LDL, VLDL, Lp(a) and apo-B were observed, whereas serum concentrations of HDL, apo-Al and activity of plasma LCAT or LDL were decreased in both groups before hemodialysis. As dialysis time went by, in LMWH group, activities of plasma LPL and LCAT elevated; TG concentration decreased; VLDL and LDL were not significantly different compared with that of pre-dialysis, but were statistically different in contrast to UFH group. Conclusion The long-term use of LMWH instead of conventional heparin for anticoagulation during dialysis has beneficial effects on the lipid profile, especially in patients with dyslipidemia.

Objective To investigate the effect and hematopoietic reconstitution as well as survival of diffierent kinds of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)in the treatment of leukemia.Methods allo-HSCT was used to treat 20 cases of leukemia from March 2003 to July 2006 in my hospital.Twelve of them received allo-PBSCT from HLA matched sibling donors.Four of them received HLA-mismatched unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation.Three of them received allo-PBSCT from unrelated donors.One of them received bone marrow transplantion from unrelated donors.Results Totally 19 recipients acheived hematopoietic reconstitution.The median time of hematopoietic reconstitution after UCBT was longer than that of HLA matched sibling PBSCT.Seven patients received aGVHD after allo-HSCT,and 4 among them were Ⅰ~Ⅱ degree and 3 cases Ⅲ~Ⅳ degree.Two patients died of relapse,and 3 patients died of GVHD.One patient was puzzled by cGVHD.The others are disease-free survival now.The median time of survival is 30(1~41)months.Conclusion allo-HSCT is effective for the cure of patients with leukemia.UCBT with enough cells and 1~2 mismatched loci is safe and effective for the patients who have no HLA matched sibling donors.

OBJECTIVE:To screen the matrix formulation of Indomethacin hydrophilic gel patch. METHODS:Using appear-ance,adhesion,softness,moisture retention as indexes,mixed level of uniform design was used to screen matrix formulation of patch,verification test and in vitro transdermal test were used to evaluate the patch quality. RESULTS:Optimized matrix formula-tion was as follow as PVA of 7.686 g,PVP of 9.662 g,glyceryl of 19.992 g,gelatin of 9.999 g,CMC-Na of 13.997 g,carbomer of 3.000 g,HPMC of 1.500 g. The prepared patch had smooth surface,uniform matrix,good color,strong adhesion,good soft-ness(water loss rate of 11.9%). It can be slowly released for 48 h. The in vitro transdermal release fitted the Higuchi model(R2=0.9869). CONCLUSIONS:Indomethacin hydrophilic gel patch is successfully prepared,which can slowly release drug with over-all good quality.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of insulin requirements during pregnancy in women with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 116 pregnant women with pre-gestational diabetes admitted to the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, First Hospital, Peking University from 1981 to 2003. Ninty-five among the 116 cases required insulin during pregnancy among which 82 cases were enrolled in the observational group. Results Eighteen women in the observational group had OGTT performed during pregnancy whose values were above the diagnostic criteria of non-pregnant diabetes. The insulin requirements increased with the gestational age with the peak dose at 32~36 weeks followed by slight decrease till delivery. Among all the women who used animal insulin, the average BMI of those whose dose

Objective To study the relationship of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) and ~family history of diabetes (FHD), clinical characteristics and maternal and infant outcomes of GDM and gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT). Methods A prospective case-control study was performed in 244 women with GDM/ GIGT, including 93 patients with family history of diabetes and 151 without FHD, and 244 normal OGTT cases as control from Feb. 2004 to Aug. 2004 in Dept of OB &GYN of Peking University First Hospital. Univariate analysis was used to estimate the odds ~ratios with 95% CI. Results (1)FHD was a risk factor of GDM/GIGT, OR=2.9.The co-effect of parents DM on transmission was excessive. (2)Maternal≥30 years old with FHD were greater than those without FHD (75.3% vs 62.9%). More intakes of fruits and carbohydrate per day and more weight gain during pregnancy in pregnant women with FHD were lower than those in patients without FHD. (3) The prevalence of GDM was indifferent ~between patients with and without FHD. 50 g OGCT plasma glucose (PG), fasting PG and 3 h PG in 75 g OGTT of patients with FHD were higher than those of patients without FHD. The number of pregnant women treated by insulin was significantly different between patients with and without FHD. (4) No difference was found between family and non-family history of diabetes in the prevalences of pre-eclampsia, FGR, polyhydramnios, preterm labor, LGA and SGA. Conclusions (1) FHD is a risk of GDM/GIGT, and exposure to a diabetic intrauterine environment is a mechanism responsible for this excessive maternal inheritance. (2)~Besides family history of diabetes, more intake of fruits or carbohydrate and larger gain of body weigh during pregnancy may result in GDM/GIGT.