OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of compound amino acids capsul es on hypoalbuminemia in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis.METHODS:30hemodialysis patients were selected to orally take2compound amino acids capsules(0.35g per capsule)twice daily for12weeks,renal and liver function and levels of serum albumin and pre-albumin were measured before and after the experiment.RESULTS:The levels of serum albumin and pre-albumin were increased significantly after the treatment,it were(30.5?4.6)g/L vs(35.9?7.1)g/L,and(213.0?46.9)mg/L vs(275.8?52.3)mg/L respectively(P

Objective To investigate the effects of arteriovenous fistula on structure and function of left ventricle in patients with maintained hemodialysis. Methods Levels of hemoglobin, inter-hemodialysis weight increase, blood pressure, diameter and blood flow of the fistula, structure and function of left ventricle were examined before and 12, 24 months after hemodialysis treatment in 44 patients who were divided into group A(low flow group, 900 ml/min) based on the fistula flow at the 24th month. Results Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd), interventriculare septal thickness (IVST) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) increased gradually as the time of hemodialysis going on. The cardio-cheat proportion also increased as well as ejection fraction (EF) and the peak velocity ratio of early and late diastolic period(E/A), especially significantly increased in group B. Cardio-chest proportion , LVDd and LVMI were higher and E/A lower in patients with severe sodium retention than those with mild sodium retention in both groups. The fistula flow was positively related to LVDd and LVMI( P

AIM: To observe the effect of Retinervus luffae fructus (RLF) on the myocardial ischemia in mice. METHODS: Mice were supplied with RLF (166.7,333.3, 666.7 g/L) twice daily (0.01 mL/g, ig). One week later, 30 U/kg pituitrin was injected intraperitoneally. The electrocardiogram was recorded, and the content of lactose dehydrogenase (LDH) in the serum and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), maleicdialdehyde (MDA) in the myocardium were examined. RESULTS: RLF reduced the height of T wave in electrocardigram in myocardial ischemia mice and inhibited the decrease in heart rate. RLF also reduced the content of LDH in serum and the content of MDA in myocardium. The increase in the activity of SOD in myocardium was also observed. CONCLUSION: RLF may protect myocardium against ischemia injury. The mechanism may be related to the increase in activity of SOD and the suppression of the lipid peroxidation.

Objective:To study the proliferation promotion effect of very low density lipoprotein(VLDL) on mesangial cells(MCs) of SD rats. Methods:MTT method was used to measure the proliferation promotion effect of VLDL with different concentrations and treatment times. Flow cytometry was employed to observe the apoptosis of MCs for studying the toxicity of VLDL. Results:The optical density of MTT was linearly correlated with VLDL concentration(10 500 ?g/ml)and treatment tims(6 48 h),with r being 0.911( P

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of microsurgery in hand retrograde skin avulsion.Methods 56 patients with hand retrograde skin avulsion were selected and randomly divided into study group(28 cases)and control group(28 cases).The study group was taken treatment of microsurgery,the control group was taken treatment of free return FLAP treatment plant.The treatment effect of the two groups was compared. Results The total effective rate of the study group was 96.4%,which was significantly higher than 78.6% of the control group(χ2 =4.082,P =0.043).The average survival skin rate of the study group was (95.62 ±4.23)%, which was significantly higher than (73.20 ±6.48)% of the control group(t =15.331,P =0.000).The skin index in the study group was significantly better than the control group (χ2 =4.909,P =0.027).Conclusion Hand retrograde skin avulsion in patients using microsurgical treatment method can maximize recovery skin vitality and improve the appearance and function of the hand of patients,and improve the therapeutic effect.

Objective To identify the accurate measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN)patients. Methods Forty-two patients were enrolled in the study, including 15 females with age from 18 to 73 years old (mean 46 years old) and 27 males with age from 20 to 77 years old (mean 48 years old). The methods used for measuring GFR were classical dual plasma sample clearance method (tGFR), considered to be the gold standard,renal dynamic imaging method (dGFR), 24-hour creatinine clearance method (24hCcr). The difference and correlation amony them were analyzed. When the difference was significant, Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis were further performed. The difference of GFR detected by dGFR between left and right kidney of patients was compared simultaneously. A two-sided P value＜0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results Either dGFR or 24hCcr was statistically different from tGFR, but had excellent correlation with tGFR, and the coefficient was 0.916 (P=0.000) and 0.957 (P=0.000) respectively. The linear regressions correlation existed and the regression equations were tGFR=0.936 dGFR-4.648 (F=208.941, P=0.000), tGFR =0.887 24hCcr+2.919 (F=376.513, P=0.000) respectively. Difference had not statistically significance between left and right kidney of patients (P=0.591). Conclusions Neither dGFR nor 24hCcr can substitute tGFR, but both can reflect the GFR of the CGN patients safely and effectively. The decrease of GFR is homochronous for left and right kidney of CGN patients. Therefore, the 24hCcr can be chosen to evaluate the GFR in the hospitals without SPECT.

Objective To investigate the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on the transition and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression of human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 . Methods The expression of CTGF mRNA and protein of HK-2 cells were measured by real time RT-PCR and Western blot respectively . The effect of PTH on the phenotypic transformation of HK-2 cells was examined by light microscopy . The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in HK-2 cells was detected by immunofluorescence . Results Basal level of CTGF mRNA and the protein expression were detected in HK-2 ceils . PTH upregulated the expression of CTGF mRNA and protein with the maximal response at the concentration of 10-10 mol/L and the best stimulating time was at 72 h . After exposure to PTH (10-10tool/L) for 12 hours, the highest level of luciferase activity was 1 .96 fold as compared to control (1 .888±0 .078 vs 0 .989±0 .030, P＜0 .01 ) . Untreated cells showed negligible expression of ±-SMA,whereas ±-SMA expression was significantly increased in cells treated with PTH . Conclusion PTH up-regulates CTGF expression and induces transition of HK-2 cells .

Objective To investigate the protective effects of atorvastatin on hyperphosphate-induced rat vascular smooth muscle ceils (RVSMCs) calcification and to discuss the mechanism. Methods RVSMCs were placed in various culture media, including normal phosphate medium, high phosphate medium, ZVAD-FMK medium and atorvastatin medium.Calcium content and cell protein content were quantified by the o-cresolphthalein complexone method and BCA protein assay respectively. Calcification was visualized by yon Kossa staining. And cell apoptosis was quantified by ELISA. Results (1)At day 3, 6, 9, RVSMCs calcification occurred more frequently in high phosphate medium than that in normal phosphate medium (P<0.05). (2)At day 6, RVSMCs calcification was significantly inhibited in 1.0 μmol/L and 2.0 μmol/LZVAD-FMK medium (P<0.05). And in 10 nmol/L and I00 nmol/L statin medium, RVSMCscalcium deposition significantly decreased (P<0.05). (3)RVSMCs apoptosis and calcification occurredfrequently in high phosphate medium. And atorvastatin significantly inhibited RVSMCs apoptosisboth in long-term and short-term (P<0.05). Conclusions Hyperphosphate can induce the calcium deposition of RVSMCs in vitro. Atorvastatin protects RVSMCs from phosphate-induced calcification by inhibiting apoptosis.

Objective To develop training program of evidence implementation(EI) based on PARIHS model and to evaluate the effectiveness on clinical nurses for evidence-based nursing knowledge,attitudes and ability,and to understand the evaluation of participants about the methodological training.Methods A quasi-experiment design was conducted.A 6-month comprehensive evidence implementation training program was developed including methodological lecture,group discussion,EI case analysis,EI project development and implementation,and was carried out among 44 clinical nurses from 11 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai.The participants' EBN knowledge,attitudes and ability were measured by EBN knowledge,attitudes and ability questionnaire at 3 months and 6 months after training.Results Participants' EBN knowledge and ability were significantly improved at 3 months and 6 months after training(P＜0.05),and participants' EBN attitude had no significant difference before and after training (P＞0.05).The level of training satisfaction among participants was higher than 80.0％,and participants had finished 22 evidence implementation programs.Conclusion Evidence implementation training based on PARIHS can enhance clinical nurses' EBN knowledge and ability.Participants' EBN attitude hasn't been significantly improved.Participants have high satisfaction towards methodological training.