Objective To measure the nursing time that the geriatric patients need daily in a large general hospital in Anhui province,thus to understand the direct and indirect nursing items and time.Methods Timing and recording nursing operations to meet the conditions of the geriatric patients for 7 consecutive days by field recording method were done.Results The average time of each nursing procedures was calculated.Direct nursing time was 146.10 min,accounting for 84.70％ of the total nursing time,including primary care (42.81％) and respiratory/drain management proportion (15.86％); Indirect nursing time was 26.39 min,accounting for 15.30％ of the total nursing time.The actual number of nurse needed was 158,the suitable bed protection ratio was 1 ∶ 0.68.Conclusions Direct nursing time of geriatric patients needed was longer than that of indirect nursing time.To increase direct nursing hours and reduce the indirect nursing time can satisfy the need of elderly patients.In addition,the current nursing staffing cannot satisfy the clinical needs of the elderly,thus,nursing resources allocation should be reasonable arranged as soon as possible.

Objective To observe the efficacy of drug treatment of coronary aneurysm complicated with embolism in Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods The clinical data of eight KD children with coronary aneurysm and embolism were retrospectively analyzed. Results Eight KD children (six males and two females) at age of 0.25-5.2 years (mean=2.89) ,were diagnosed with gigantic coronary artery aneurysms. The diameter of aneurysm was around 8.3-13.8mm. Thrombosis appeared from 19 days to five months after coronary aneurysms formation. The onset manifestations included sudden chest pain and myocardial infarction with symptoms of heart failure in one case, shock in one case and no symptom in six cases. The maximum diameter of the thrombus was 2.8 mm×15.4 mm in the shape of funicular. Four cases had thrombus in the right coronary artery, two cases in the left coronary artery, and two cases in both sides. The patients underwent anticoagulant therapy taking heparin, urokinase, warfarin, aspirin and dipyridamole. Anticoagulant therapy was successful in 7 cases and the thrombus was completely dissolved in 7 days to more than 4 months. One case had recurrent coronary thrombosis after 4 months. One case died in 12 hours after thrombolysis. Conclusions Coronary thrombosis usually appears in the half year after the onset of KD coronary aneurysm. Thrombolysis therapy takes long time in Kawasaki patients. Breaking off of thrombus are rarely seen.

Immunohistological methods were used to investigate the presence of s-100 protein in 16 cases of malignant mesothelioma (MM) and 20 metastatic gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma of peritoneum. Positive staining for s-100 protein was observed in 14 of 16 MM, while it was negative in all metastatic gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma of peritoneum. Since antibodies to s-100 protein are readily available as standardised commercial products, the combined immunolocalisalion of s-100 protein should prove to be an efficient routine means of differentiating MM from difficult cases of metastatic gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma of peritoneum, in both necropsy and surgical cases.

This paper,introduced the manufacture process and quality control method of Xiao- erqingfei Suppository.The suppository tallied with requirements of China Pharmacopeia (the 85th edition).Its main active components were identified with TLC.Two represen- tative components were determined:ephedrine and glycyrrhizic acid.

Objective To investigate the clinical and computed tomography (CT) features of lung isolated ground-glass opaci-ty and to analyze the predictive factors that may discriminate benign from malignant nodules .Methods Clinical features , CT charac-teristics, pathological diagnosis , and the follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed with 108 cases of isolated ground-grass opacity (GGO) that was confirmed by histopathology from January 2011 to March 2013.Results A total of 108 isolated GGOs [52 men,56 women,mean age (58.12 ±10.34)years] included 19 benign nodules and 89 malignant nodules.The diversity of age, gender, clini-cal symptom, margin (speculation, spine-like process), internal characteristics (ovule sign, air bronchograms) of the lesions were no statistically significant differences between benign and malignant GGOs ( P >0.05 ) .The lymphocyte and CT findings of shape , lobu-lation, interface (ill/well defined) and pleural indentation sign were significantly different between benign and malignant GGOs ( P <0.05 ) .Besides significant difference in pleural indentation sign was also found between bronchioalveolar carcinoma and adenocarcino -ma ( P =0.0252).Among the 44 patients who were followed up after finding GGO initially , there were 7 GGOs (7/44,15.91%) to grow up after 3years, and GGOs of 32 patients had no obvious change , besides the patients'age of malignant GGO was bigger than the benign( P =0.0416).Conclusions Clinical features were of little value to discriminate the benign from malignant GGOs .CT fea-tures including round/oval shape, lobulation, and well defined and pleural indentation sign were of important value in the diagnosis of malignant GGO .Surgical resection should be applied in the process of follow-up when the sizes of GGO become bigger or newly formed solid components were detected .GGO that can't be diagnosed should be followed up for at least 3 years.

Immune system is a security guard to help human body repel or remove bacteria, viruses, parasites and other fore-ign invaders .But when some tissue components or the immune system itself become abnormal, it can not distinguish friend from foe accurately and may attack our own tissue then cause some clinical symptoms, leading to autoimmune diseases. Nearly 5 % of the world's population suffer from various autoimmune diseases. By now in addition to control the formation of autoantigens such as infection,tiredness, the main biologics used in clinic are immunoregulators to block pathological autoimmune response and then to create a new proper immune response. Recently, new biologics to treat autoimmune disease come into being one after another, and this article gives a brief overview about research progress in anti-autoimmune disease biologics.

Objective To investigate the role of monoclonal antibody of insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ receptor (IGF-ⅠR) in the proliferation and apoptosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line CGTH W-3, and the effect of IGF-ⅠR monoclonal antibody on papillary thyroid carcinoma cells and normal follicular cells in primary culture. Methods MTT and TUNEL method were used to determine the proliferation and apoptosis of cells respectively after IGF-ⅠR monoclonal antibody intervention. Results The inhibitory effect on cell proliferation was enhanced with the increasing IGF-ⅠR monoclonal antibody concentration and duration of action. IGF-ⅠR monoclonal antibody induced apoptosis of CGTH W-3 cells remarkably even in the concentration of 50 nmol/L. Primary papillary thyroid carcinoma cells and normal follicular cells were inhibited by 100 nmol/L IGF-ⅠR monoclonal antibody, and the degree of inhibition was significantly higher in carcinoma cells than that in normal follicular cells (P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulating pattern of kidney-tonifying recipes and spleen-invigorating recipe on the expression of T lymphocyte apoptosis signaling-related genes in corticosterone-treated rats. METHODS: We analyzed the activation-induced T lymphocyte apoptpsis rate through TUNEL-labelled flow-cytometry assay, quantified the mRNA expression level of T cell apoptosis-regulating genes by using the fluoresecence real-time PCR, analyzed the activity of caspase-8 and caspase-3 by colorimetric assay. RESULTS: (1) T lymphocyte apoptosis rate of corticosterone-treated rats was higher than that of the normal control rats; T lymphocyte apoptosis rates of Youguiyin treated rats and Bushen Yishou Capsule treated rats were lower than that of the corticosterone-treated group; T lymphocyte apoptosis rate of Sijunzi Decoction treated rats displayed no significance compared with that of the corticosterone-treated group. (2) Pro-apoptotic genes such as Fas, FasL, TNFR1, and Bax displayed increased expression level in corticosterone-treated group compared with normal control group. Two kidney-tonifying recipes down-regruated the expression level of FasL and TNFR1, at the same time, both recipes up-regulated the expression level of Bcl-2. The spleen-invigorating recipe had up-regulating effect on the expression level of Bcl-2. And all these results had statistical significance. (3) The activities of caspase-8 and caspase-3 were increased in corticosterone-treated rats compared with normal control; both kidney-tonifying recipes had significant effect on decreasing the activities of these two apoptosis executioners. CONCLUSION: The excessive apoptosis of T cell in corticosterone-treated rats could be effectively modulated with two kidney-tonifying recipes. Down-regulating the expression of FasL and TNFR1 and up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 as well as decreasing the activities of caspase-8 and caspase-3 may be the unique regulating pattern of tonifying-kidney method with respect to T cell apoptosis related genes in corticosterone-treated rats.

Objective To study the diagnosis,management and prognosis of persistent m?llerian duct syndrome (PMDS). Methods 2 cases of PMDS associated with transverse testicular ectopia were reported.Clinically there was azoospermia or testis tumor.Corporeal hysterectomy and orchidopexy were performed and the testis tumor was excised. Results Vascular supply and hormonal function of the testis were normal in both 2 patients after 2 year's follow up. Conclusions PMDS is an inherited male pseudohermaphroditism. Every effort should be made to preserve the testis and its fertility function when surgical management is needed.The possible development of testis tumor should be kept in mind and closely observed.

BACKGROUND:Neural stem cells, as a hot topic in neuroscience research, have a wide application prospect in the treatment of neurological damage, but how to obtain a large number of terminally differentiated and purified nerve cells with homogeneous features is a difficult problem in this field. The use of intracellular fluorescence reporter system to track the process of neural stem cell differentiation and obtain a single kind of terminally differentiated and purified nerve cells provides a viable option. OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of GFAP promoter-driven fluorescence reporter system in tracing the neural differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs). METHODS: Cerebral cortex of mouse embryos were primarily dissociated and sent for digesting and pipetting mechanically before suspension culture, followed by immunofluorescence staining of Nestin to identify their biological characteristics. Lentivirus carrying pLV/Final-neo-GFAP(promoter)-dTomato vector was employed to infect above-mentioned NSCs, and Geneticin (G418) was used to obtain purified NSCs at 14 days. Subsequently the purified cells were induced to differentiate into astrocyte-like cells; meanwhile red fluorescence changes in cells were observed by microscopy. The red fluorescent cells were then subjected to perform immunofluorescence staining at 13 days after induction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The expression of Nestin in the isolated primary cells was strongly positive. Purified NSCs were obtained by lentivirus infection and subsequent G418 resistance selection at 14 days. After induced into astrocyte-like cells, the red fluorescence was observed in the cells under the microscope and furthermore, GFAP staining was also positive. Mouse NSCs carrying neo-GFAP(promoter)-dTomato were successfully obtained. The cells could express dTomato under the control of GFAP promoter, which provides a powerful tool for research on NSC differentiation mechanism, neural transplantation and tissue engineering product development.