OBJECTIVE To investigate probationer nurses' knowledge about nosocomial infection (NI) and clean operating-room. METHODS Survey among probationer nurses was performed by self-designed questionnaires. RESULTS 47% probationer nurses thought it very necessary to strength knowledge about NI before probation. The scores of clean operating-room knowledge was lower than that nosocomial infection (NI); The cognition rate among high educated probationer nurses were higher than low educated,P

Objective To explore the effect of hypoxia on cultured rat Sertoli cells in vitro.Methods In a Sertoli-germ cells co-culture system,the effect of hypoxia on the morphological characteristics of Sertoli cells were observed,including the number of Sertoli cells,the cytoskeleton changes after Coomassie brilliant blue staining and the detachment of germ cells.Results The loosing and retracting of cytoskeleton in Sertoli cells was found.Both survival rate of Sertoli cells and detachment of germ cells showed time-response relation.Conclusion Hypoxia damages Sertoli cells.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of atorvastatin combined with allopurinol on blood lipid and blood uric acid in patients with hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia. METHODS:90 patients with hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia were randomly di-vided into group A,group B and group C. Group A was orally given 0.1 g Allopurinol tablet,once a day+30 mg Atorvastatin calci-um tablet,once a day. Group B was given Atorvastatin calcium tablet(the same dose with group A). Group C was given Allopuri-nol tablet (the same dose with group A). The treatment course for all groups was 4 weeks. TG,TC,LDL,HDL,UA,BUN, ALT and CK before and after treatment,and incidence of adverse reactions in all groups were observed. RESULTS:After treat-ment,TG,TC and LDL in all groups were significantly lower than before,group A and B were lower than group C,the differenc-es were statistically significant (P<0.05);UA in all groups was significantly lower than before,group A and B were lower than group C,group A was lower than group B,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);ALT in group A and B,CK in all groups and BUN levels in group A and group C were significantly higher than before,CK in group A and group B higher than group C,group A was higher than group B,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). And there was no significant dif-ference in the incidence of adverse reactions among all groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Atorvastatin combined with allopurinol can significantly reduce the blood lipid and blood uric acid levels of patients,with good safety.

In 2010, the artificial synthesis of Mycoplasma mycoides triggers the new era of synthetic biology. This great breakthrough is achieved mainly thanks to the powerful DNA recombinant ability of yeast. In recent years, except for the methods used for large DNA assembly on the basis of in vivo homologous recombination, various different DNA assembly methods in vitro, based on the concept of DNA ligation or polymerization, have also been developed, such as Biobrick\BglBrick, SLIC and Gibson one-step assembly. Application of these new technologies has greatly accelerated the construction of synthetic part libraries, biosynthetic pathway and even microbial chromosomes. In fact, all DNA assembly methods are derived from the combinations of DNA joining and organizational schemes. This review describes the brief introduction of the main in vivo and in vitro DNA assembly protocols developed so for, which will benefit the construction of different types of synthetic functional devices and also biosynthetic pathways in the research of synthetic biology in China.
DNA ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA, Recombinant ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Synthetic Biology ; methods

By analying the relationship between the construction of the periodical and the management of the medical quality, the author explained the positive effect of strengthening the former on level raising of the latter, She also proposes that the value of the periodical can be raised by the quality construction including superiority orientation and creativity development. In this way we will raise the additional value of the management of medical quality and provide a high-level information platform for the quality mangement of hospital.

Objective To study the feasibility and safety for using anesthesia gastroscopy in aged-patients over 80 years old.Methods Selecting 84 cases of aged-patients over 80 years old as anesthesia group(group 1),22 cases of aged-patients over 80 years old as normal gastroscopy group(group 2)and 100 cases of young-middle age as anesthesia control group(group 3).Low dose propofol and fentanyl combined atropine were injected into venous in anesthesia gastroscopy.The BP,HR,SpO2,patients reactions during gastroscopy,stomach peristalsis rates,awake time were detected before,during and after gastroscopy.Results Patients in group 1 felt much less discomfortable than those in group 2.Anesthesia group felt much satisfactorily than normal gastroscopy group.The BP,HR,SpO2 in group 1 were decreased transitorily during examination and resumed rapidly after examination.There were no severe complications in anesthesia gastroscopy.However,the BP and HR were increased obviously in normal gastroscopy group.The dosage of propofol in group 1 was much less than that in group 3.Conclusions The use of anesthesia gastroscopy with low dose propofol and fentanyl combined atropine intravenously in aged-patients over 80 years old is safe and comfortable.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the salvage therapy for a child with refractory and ( or) repeatedly-relapsed Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

METHODData of a patient with Langerhans cell histiocytosis whose disease relapsed repeatedly treated with cladribine was collected and analyzed and the related literature was reviewed.

RESULTThe initial symptoms developed 3 months after his birth, multiple systems (skin, skeleton, lung, liver) were involved; he was sequentially treated with LCH-III-Group I, JLSG-96, DAL-HX90 chemotherapeutic regimens. The patient got relapses for more than 3 times, but the disease got completely controlled after being treated with cladribine when the patient was 6 years old. The dosage was 10 mg/(m2 · d) for 4 days, and one course lasted for 28 days, the third to fifth courses of treatment used Arac in combination, the whole treating time lasted for 5 months. The patient remained in persistent remission for 8 months since discontinuation of treatment. "Langerhans cell histiocytosis" "refractory" "cladribine" were used as the key words to search in the data bases CNKI, Wanfangdata and Pubmed, 11 articles were picked. According to the literature, the effective rate of cladribine in treatment of repeatedly relapsing Langerhans cell histiocytosis was 44%-100%, with a good response of 22%-86%, the dose was 5-13 mg/(m2 · d). The main side effects were hematological system damages and infection.

CONCLUSIONThe effect of commonly used chemotherapeutic regimens is limited for children with refractory and (or) repeatedly-relapsed Langerhans cell histiocytosis and cladribine can be used as an alternative therapeutic option of the salvage therapy.

Child ; Cladribine ; therapeutic use ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Recurrence ; Skin

Objective:To analyze the delay in the publication of medical postgraduates' research papers and provide them with a guidance for the management of academic articles.Methods:A total of 293 articles were chosen from the Journal of Medical Postgraduates published from 2005 to 2006,of which,229 were original articles and 45 were reviews,including 184 funded and 109 non-funded research papers,and their delay in publication in different periods was statistically analyzed by SPSS13.0 software.Results:The total delay in the publication of the articles was(234.7 ? 116.9) d,including(57.0?36.8) d in manuscript examination,(109.4 ? 96.4) d in editing and(61.8 ? 52.4) d in suspension.The original articles were less delayed than the reviews,(224.2 ? 7.4) d vs(272.8 ? 19.3) d,P

Objective To study the value of oxygen treatment on elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods From April 2010 to March 2012,a total of 140 cases of elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke for oxygen therapy combined with drug and rehabilitation were divided into two groups,outside high-flow oxygen group of 71 cases,hyperbaric oxygen group of 69 cases.The neurological functional defects scale was used to evaluate the effect.Two groups of patients were given conventional drug therapy including improving the microcirculation,vegetative neural drugs,and rehabilitation treatment.Results The total effectiveness respectively was 98.6％ (70/71),91.3％ (63/69),and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the nerve function damage grades of two groups respectively was (10.4 ± 1.7),(15.6 ± 1.8) scores,and there was significant difference compared with that before treatment [(28.2 ± 2.5),(28.7 ± 2.6) scores] (P ＜ 0.05).There was significant difference in treatment adherence between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion For patients of elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke,oxygen therapy is necessary,while outside high-flow oxygen therapy is better than hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

Objective To explore the efficiency and safety of fondaparinux and low molecular weight heparin(LMWH) on the elder patients with non-ST-segnent elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS).Methods One hundred and forty patients over 75 years old with NSTE-ACS were randomly divided into treatment group(n =70) and control group (n =70).Patients in treatment group were given the conventional treatment combined with fondaparinux,and in control group were given the basis of conventional treatment combined with LMWH.The therapeutic efficacy,the cardiovascular events at 4 d,7 d and 30 d during the treatment and bleeding incidence rate were observed.Reslts There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment group and control group in the total effective rate (x2 =0.475,P ＞ 0.05.Meanwhile,no significant differences were found between the two groups in cardiovascular events at 4 d,7 d and 30 d (x2 =0.257,0.475 and 0.317,P ＞0.05).The incidence rate of bleeding in treatment group was obviously lower than that in control group and there was statistically significant difference (2.9％ vs.31.4％ ; x2 =20.115,P ＜0.01).Conclusion The effectiveness of fondaparinux used in elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes is similar with LMWH,but the incidence rate of bleeding is lower than LMWH.