Objective To investigate the intervening effect of electroacupuncture on brain interstitial fluid (ISF) and hippocampal soluble Aβ1-42 levels in mice with early Alzheimer's disease.Method Sixteen 5-month-old male APP/PS1 positive transgenic mice were randomized to model and acupuncture groups, 8 mice each in one cage. Isosexual negative transgenic mice constituted a normal control group. Electroacupuncture at Baihui(GV20) and Yongquan(KI1) or binding under the same condition was used as an intervention measure. Mouse hippocampal interstitial fluid was obtained by brain microdialysis. Hippocampal tissue and ISFβ amyloid protein 1-42 levels were measured by ELISA in the three groups of mice at 6, 7, 8 and 9 hrs after intervention to observe the changes. Result Hippocampal tissue and ISF soluble Aβ1-42 levels were significantly higher in the model group than in the normal group (P<0.01). ISF soluble Aβ1-42 levels were significantly lower in the acupuncture group of mice than in the model group (P<0.05) and there were no statistically significant differences in hippocampal Aβ1-42 levels between the two groups (P>0.05). The results of sample detection did not show a tendency to change over time (P>0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture can decrease hippocampal soluble Aβ1-42 levels in a mouse model of AD.

Objective To explore the clinical manifestation,laboratory tests,imaging and treatment of general paralysis of insane(GPI).Methods The clinical data of 2 patients with GPI analyzed retrospectively.Results 2 sufferers were both male,and mainly presented with memory decline and mental disorder.One case presented with visceral crisis.Both rapid plasma reagin test and treponema gelatin agglutination test in serum and CSF were positive.Brain MRI scanning showed ventriculomegaly.After antisyphilitic treatments,2 patients obviously improved.Conclusion GPI are often seen in middle-aged males and its misdiagnosis rate is high.The diagnosis of GPI should be considered in young patients with dementia without clear reason.Early diagnosis and active treatments are important for the prognosis of this disease.

Objective To summarize the successful experience of radiodiagnosis specialist nursing model in our hospital.Methods Retrospectively analyze the course of establishment and development of radiodiagnosis specialist nursing model in our hospital.Many aspects including setting of the nursing unit,post,quota and salary,development of post responsibilities,systems,standards and procedures,establishment of quality control and performance evaluation system,standardization of the conventional specialist technology,study and application of the new specialist technology were expounded.Results Radiodiagnosis specialist nursing model had been established and improved after five years' exploration.Quality index of care,service and safety showed a steady upward trend.Specialist new technologies had prominent features.Teaching and research achieved initial success.Conclusions Establishment of radiodiagnosis specialist nursing model makes radiology nursing connotation more comprehensive.More importantly,it is of significance in guiding the development of radiodiagnosis specialist nursing.

Objective To investigate the relationship between interleukin (IL)-34 and bone erosions in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients.Methods Forty PsA patients,20 psoriasis (Ps) patients and 20 healthy volunteers were recruited into this study.The levels of IL-34 and osteoclast related cytokines [including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL),osteoclast precursors (OPG)] were detected in the serum samples of all subjects.The correlations among IL-34,the number of osteoclast precursors (OCP),disease activity and imaging scores were analyzed.All data were analyzed by graphpad prism 6.Differences between groups was analyzed with One-way analysis of variance,q tests,and Spearman's correlation was used to explore the relation between disease activity/radiographic scores and laboratory results and followed by linear regressions.Results The serum level of IL-34 in patients with PsA [(328±476) pg/ml] was higher than that in Ps [(33±52) pg/ml,q =3.92,P＜0.01] and healthy controls [(32±32) pg/ml,q =3.93,P＜0.01],the erosive PsA group were higher than the non-erosive PsA group [(449±527) pg/ml and (47±24) pg/ml,q=4.04,P＜0.01].The levels of TNF-α,RANKL and OCP in patients with PsA [(125±79) pg/ml,(488± 475) pg/ml and (17.7±4.8) 5 sigh views] were higher than those in PS [(40±22) pg/ml,(26±3) pg/ml and (5.2± 0.8),q=7.32,6.14 and 2.94,P＜0.01] and healthy controls [(41±19) pg/ml,(65±8) pg/ml and (6.2±1.8),q=6.67,5.62 and 2.71,P＜0.01],whereas the OPG/RANKL ratio in PsA patients (0.5±0.4) was significantly lower than Ps patients (4.3±2.7,q=-3.30,P＜0.01) and healthy controls (1.8±0.6,q=-1.72,P＜0.01).IL-34,TNF-α and RANKL levels were all positively correlated with OCP (r=0.10,P＜0.05;r=0.12,P＜0.05;r=0.13,P＜0.(5,respectively).Conclusion The level of IL-34 is not only high in patients with PsA but also positively correlates with the number of OCP.In PsA,IL-34 is probably related to the OCP and osteoclast differentiation,and further participates in the process of bone destruction.Therefore,IL-34 is promising to become a new target or alternative choice for the treatment of PsA.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of osteoclasts and osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (OPG/RANKL) system on bone destruction of psoriatic arthritis.MethodsThe peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 41 psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients,20 osteoarthritis (OA) patients and 24 healthy controls were cultured to become osteoclasts.After 14 days,cytochemistry method was used to detect tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) expression.At the same time,enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure the levels of serum OPG and RNAKL for all cases.At the same time,the clinical and laboratory examinations of the PsA were collected.Statistical analysis was conducted with one-way ANOVA and Spearman's correlation.ResultsSignificantly higher OC production was observed in the peripheral blood of PsA patients[(17.7±4.8)/view field] than that of the healthy controls[(6.4±1.6)/view field] and OA patients [(6.5±l.6)/view field].The levels of RANKL were significantly higher in PsA patients [(178±38) pg/ml] than those in the other two groups [(32±4) pg/ml and (67±17) pg/ml].There was significant difference between the PsA group with bone destruction and without destruction in the levels of OC and RANKL [(17.6±0.9) /view vs(7.9±1.3) /view and(199±72) pg/ml vs(128±44) pg/ml,P＜0.01].Imaging scores was positively correlated with the levels of OC and RANKL in PsA patients (P＜0.05).ConclusionIn PsA,there are significantly more OC and higher RANKL in the peripheral blood than those of the controls.The high levels of OC and RANKL are closely related with bone destruction.OC and RANKL are useful in identifying bone destruction.

Objective To observe the bone metabolism of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and investigate the roles of some bone metabolism markers such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5),C-terminal telopeptide of collagen-Ⅰ (CTX-Ⅰ) and BALP in PsA patients with bone destructions.Methods Sixty-five cases of psoriatic arthritis,30 cases of psoriasis and 30 cases of healthy people were enrolled.Bone mineral densities of lumbar spines and the left femoral necks were measured for all PsA patients using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.The Serum levels of TRACP5b,CTX-Ⅰ,BALP of healthy controls,Ps and PsA patients were measured.The PsA group was further divided into bone destruction group and none bone destruction group by image datasets.The levels of TRACP5b,CTX-Ⅰ,BALP,PsAJAI,ESR and CRP from each group were detected.Mann-Whitney and x2 test were used for statistic analysis.Results TRACP5b levels of the healthy controls,Ps and PsA patients were (0.9±0.4),(0.7±0.5) and (2.0±1.4) U/L respectively,and were significantly higher in the PsA patients than those of the other two groups (Z=-3.698,-3.638; P＜0.05).The CTX-Ⅰ levels of these three groups were (0.9±0.8),(0.6±0.7) and (2.6±1.8) ng/ml respectively,and were also dramatically higher in the PsA patients than the other two groups (Z=-5.262,-5.734; P＜0.05).BALP levels of each group were (22±4),(22±4) and (25±7) U/L,and were also evidently higher in the PsA patients than patients in the other two groups (Z=-2.214,-2.000; P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the levels of TRACP5b [(2.6±1.4) U/L],CTX-Ⅰ [(3.1±1.8) ng/ml] and BALP [(26±7) U/L] were significantly higher in bone destruction group than those in the none bone destruction group [(1.2±1.0) U/L,(1.9±1.6) ng/ml,(23±6) U/L,Z=-3.544,-3.429,-2.083; P＜0.05].Conclusion The high levels of TRACP5b,CTX-Ⅰ and BALP in PsA indicate that there is bone metabolism imbalances in PsA.And the high levels of TRACP5b,CTX-Ⅰ and BALP in the bone destruction group suggest that the rises of TRACP5,CTX-Ⅰ and BALP levels may be related with bone erosions.

Objective To explore one mechanism of therapeutic action of electroacupuncture on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), that is, improving the way to eliminate cerebral microvascular Ab by investigating the effect of electroacupuncture on hippocampal microvascular Ab deposition and learning and memory abilities in APP/PSI double transgenic mice. Method Twenty-four 7-month-old male APP/PSI double transgenic mice were randomized into model and electroacupuncture groups, 12 mice each. Same sex transgene-negative littermate mice (12 mice) constituted a blank control group. The electroacupuncture group received electric acupuncture at points Baihui (GV20) and Yongquan (KI1), 15 min once every other day, for a total of six weeks. After treatment, mouse learning and memory abilities were tested using the Morris water maze. The expressions of Ab 1-40 and Ab 1-42 in the hippocampal microvascular wall and senile plaque were determined by immunohistochemical method. Hippocampal microvascular Ab-positive expression was semi-quantitatively analyzed using the Imagine Pro Plus software. Result The Morris water maze test showed that escape latency lengthened (P<0.05), and the number of crossing platform and swimming time in the platform quadrant decreased (P<0.05) in the model group compared with the blank control group. Escape latency shortened (P<0.05), and the number of crossing platform and swimming time in the platform quadrant increased (P<0.05) in the electroacupuncture group compared with the model group. The immunohistochemical results showed that hippocampal microvascular Ab 1-42 and Ab 1-40 integral optical densities were higher in the model group than in the blank control group (P<0.05) and senile plaques appeared in the hippocampus. Hippocampal microvascular Ab 1-42 and Ab 1-40 integral optical densities were lower in the in the electroacupuncture group than in the model group (P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture reduces mouse learning and memory impairments and hippocampal microvascular Ab deposition. Its mechanism may be that electroacupuncture improves the way of eliminating cerebral microvascular Ab to decrease cerebral Ab deposition.

Objective To investigate the role of the 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) DNA modification in the onset of systemic lupus erythemosus (SLE),we compared tihe levels 5-hmC between SLE patients and normal controls.Methods With informed consent,whole blood was obtained from patients,and genomic DNA was extracted.Using hMeDIP-seq analysis and validation by quantitative real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),we identified the differentially hydroxymethylated regions that were associated with SLE.Results There were 1 701 genes with significantly different 5-hmC levels at the promoter region in the SLE patients compared with the normal controls.The CpG islands of 3 826 genes showed significant difference at 5-hmC levels in SLE patients compared with the normal controls.Out of the differentially hydroxymethylated genes,three were selected for validation,including TREX1,CDKN1A,and CDKN1B.The hydroxymethylation levels of these three genes were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR.Conclusion Our studies indicate that there are significant alterations of 5-hmC in SLE patients;these differentially hydroxymethylated genes may contribute to the pathogenesis of SLE.Such novel findings show the significance of 5-hmC as a potential biomarker or promising target for epigenetic-based SLE therapies.

Objective The aim of the study was to observe the features of nail fold microcirculation in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and to compare these findings in SSc patients with patients with other connective tissue diseases.Methods Forty patients with SSc and thirty-seven patients with other connective tissue diseases were included in the study and all the patients reported symptoms of Raynaud's phenomenon in the hands were also included.Nail fold capillaroscopy (NFC) was performed and the abnormality of nail fold microcirculation between the two groups were compared.The relations between nail fold capillaroscopic findings and clinicolaboratory parameters in SSc patients were analyzed.Statistical analysis were carried out by t-test and Chi-square.Results The loss of capillaries and dilated and giant capillaries and hemorrhage as well as neoangiogenesis were hallmarks of the scleroderma capillary findings,which could be detected by nail fold capillaroscopy.The abnormalities of nail fold microcirculation in SSc patients were more severe and more specific than those in other connective tissue disease patients.The total scores of nail fold capillaroscopy test were obviously higher in SSc patients with lung or esophagus involvement than those patients without these organ involvement,meanwhile,the total scores of nail fold capillaroscopic findiugs were elevated in SSc patients with anti-Scl70 antibody than those with negative group.Conclusion The nail fold capillaries of patients with SSc have specific abnormalities,and nail fold capill-aroscopy could distinguish between SSc and other connective tissue diseases,therefore it could be used as a promising tool for early detection of patients who may have the potential to develop scleroderma and it is also helpful in assessing disease severity.

The clinical data of 13 patients diagnosed as Takayasu's arteritis with cardiomyopathy in Peking Union Hospital were reviewed.Echocardiography showed cardiomegaly (left chambers mainly),diffuse weakened myocardial wall movement and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.Dilated cardiomyopathy was diagnosed in two patients.Glucocorticoid and cyclophosphamide were the essential medication for treatment.One patient died,1 patient was aggravated and the disease condition in remaining 11 patients was stable or improved.Takayasu's arteritis with cardiomyopathy is a rare disease and it attacks younger people.It is difficult to identify at onset,and the disease deteriorates rapidly.Echocardiography should be performed earlier to evaluate the heart function for early diagnosis and treatment.Administration of large dose of glucocorticoid and cyclophosphamide at early stage may improve the prognosis.