itamin D plays a crucial role in human health and diseases.Researches have showed that 50％ of the population have a risk for vitamin D deficiency in the world.Vitamin D deficiency is caused by the lack of sunlight or by deficient dietary supplement.It does not only lead to rickets and osteomalacia, can also cause cancers, cardiovascular disease, endocrine system diseases, autoimmune diseases, nervous system diseases and tuberculosis susceptibility.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the reasons for leg length discrepancy following total hip arthroplasty,and to summarize the prevention and treatment of leg length discrepancy after total hip arthroplasty.DATA SOURCES:A computer-based online search was conducted in PubMed (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed) for the English articles published between 2001 and 2008 with keywords "Leg length discrepancy,hip arthroplasty" and Wanfang database (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn) for the Chinese articles published between 2004 and 2009.DATA SELECTION:Totally 154 literatures were retrieved by computer,including 116 English articles and 38 Chinese articles,through reading title and abstract,112 independent and 51 repeated papers were excluded.The remained 29 literatures were performed further analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Reasons for leg length discrepancy and the prevention and treatment of leg length discrepancy following total hip arthroplasty.RESULTS:The main cause of leg length discrepancy after total hip arthroplasty included redundant neck of femur stump,used longer prothesis neck,diminished femur eccentricity,selected longer neck of femur prothesis,as well as larger movement of cotyloid cavity rotation center.The effective approaches of leg length discrepancy after total hip arthroplasty included careful preoperative planning,intraoperative measurement digital templating and image-guided surgery.It could be the adjusted with heel and shaped bottom for the limbs length which was more than 15 mm after operation,and revision operation maybe applied to patients who had more than 20 mm limbs length or combined with complications.CONCLUSIONS:Leg length discrepancy is one of the common complications following total hip arthroplasty.Along with the development of science and technology,to design individual prothesis and computer-assisted navigation joint can be recover farthest joint function.

The paper introduces new retrieval functions in PubMed 2008, including advanced search pattern, citation sensor and improved automatic term mapping, meanwhile the analysis and assessment on those new functions are originally revealed, it points out the advantages, limitations as well as applicable situations, so as to provide help for users.

Objective:To study the histogenesis and cell differentiation of desmoplastic ameloblastoma.Methods:The expression of various protein filaments was detected by immunohistochemical stainning in 20 cases of desmoplastic ameloblastoma and the ultrastructure of the tumor was observed in 4 cases.Results:CKH,CK8 and CK19 were positive in spindle-shaped and polygonal epithlium tumor cells.Vimentin was positive in mesenchymal fibrocytes and smooth muscle actin in some mesenchymal cells.Ultrastructural observation found that tonifilaments were in epithelial cells and there were desmosomes between these cells.In stroma myofibroblasts were presented.Loose connective tissue could be seen around some epithelial cell nests.Conclusion:Desmoplastic ameloblastoma may be arise from the early stage of the dental germ formation, epithelial cells of the tumor had the tendency to differentiate to the keratinized cells.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of repairing finger nail bed defects by split-thickness nail bed grafts in one stage, and evaluate the functional recovery of nail beds comprehensively. Methods From February 2000 to December 2003, 33 fingers with nail bed defect in 26 patients (7 thumbs, 13 index fingers, 9 middle fingers, 4 ring fingers) were repaired with middle thickness grafts of nail bed harvested from the residual nail beds of the same fingers or from nail beds of 1st, 2nd and 3rd toes. Brachial plexus block or regional anesthesia was used. When the area of nail bed defect area was less than one third of the nail, the graft was taken from the same finger under rubber tourniquet. In condition of the area of nail bed defect larger than one third of the nail beyond nail plica or two nail bed defects, the grafts were taken from the nail beds of 1st, 2nd and 3rd toes. Results In the study, there were 23 fingers (18 patients) with the nail bed defects area more than 5 mm and less than one third of the nail repaired with the grafts of the same finger nail; there were 10 fingers (8 patients) with the nail bed defects more than one third of the nail beyond the nail plica or two nail bed defects transplanted with toe nail bed. All patients were followed up from 6 months to 30 months with an average of 17 months, all grafts survived very well. No pain, no infection and obvious deformed growth of nail were found, and a sound recovery was obtained in all patients. Excellent and good rates were 87.9% in 23 patients with 29 fingers; poor rate was 12.1% in 3 patients with 4 fingers according to the criteria by L? Gui-xin. Conclusion The transplantation of middle split-thickness nail bed to repair nail bed defect is simple and easy to operate. The grafted nail can grow in good appearance, and the deformation rate is lower.

Objective: To sum up the therapeutic effect of early enteral nutrition(EN) in postoperative patients with esophageal or cardiac cancer.Methods: The clinical data of 106 postoperative patients with esophageal or cardiac cancer who had received early enteral nutrition treatment were analyzed retrospectively.Results: All the patients recovered well.The occurrence of the serious postoperative complication,such as anastomotic leak,hypoalbuminemia and so on had been decreased.Conclusion: Early EN for postoperative patients with esophageal or cardiac cancer is a physiological nutrition support way.EN can maintain gastrointestinal function and improve nutritional status.

In medical organic chemistry education, seven design method of introduction are put forward by using teaching art in educational segment, allowing students to enhance the study activity in lively atmosphere.

AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy of trimebutine maleate combined with Morita therapy in the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: 108 patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Trimebutine maleate group (n=54) was given trimebutine maleate 200 mg, po, tid, combined with Mortia therapy. The patients were analyzed by self rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self rating depression scale (SDS) before and after the treatment. Control group (n=54) was only given trimebutine maleate 200 mg, po, tid. The course was 4 weeks. RESULTS: The total efficacy rates were 87.04 % and 72.22 % in trimebutine maleate group and in control group, respectively. The therapeutic effects in trimebutine maleate group were better than those in the control group (P

Objective To study the influence of realgar on apoptosis and Bcl-2 expression of leukemia.Methods Realgar treatment group and adriamycin(ADR)treatment group were established,and the indexes involved with OD value of cell strain,morphologic alteration of apoptosis,and positive expressive rate of Bcl-2 were observed in the two groups.Results Compared with ADR treatment group,OD value and Bcl-s positive expressive rate were significantly decreased(P＜0.05)and apoptotic rate was significantly increased in realgar group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Realgar has excellent effect to induce apoptosis of leukemia.

OBJECTIVE:To study in vitro antiviral effect of Junduqing granules. METHODS:Human laryngeal cancer Hep2 cells were inoculated with the Nancy strain of coxsackievirus B3 (CoxB3) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) to establish vi-rus-infected cell models. 2 mg/ml original liquid of Junduqing granules and 2 mg/ml original liquid of chlorogenic acid which were diluted according to the ratio of 1∶2-1∶256 were used to act on the virus-infected cells. Reed-Muench method was adopted to calcu-late 50% toxic concentration (TC50) and maximal atoxic concentration (TC0). Virus-infected cells were cultured with solution of Junduqing granules of 1.25,0.625,0.312 5 and 0.156 25 mg/ml and chlorogenic acid solution 0.5,0.25,0.125,0.062 5 mg/ml, and then the degree of cytopathic effect was evaluated with a microscope. Virus-infected cells were cultured with 1.25,0.625, 0.312 5 ,0.156 25,0.078 125 mg/ml solution of Junduqing granules and 0.5,0.25,0.125,0.062 5,0.031 25 mg/ml of chlorogenic acid solution,and Reed-Muench method was adopted to calculate 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and therapeutic index (TI) on RSV and CoxB3 cells. RESULTS:TC50 of Junduqing granules was 1.79 mg/ml and TC0 was 1.25 mg/ml,TC50 of chlorogenic ac-id was 0.71 mg/ml and TC0 was 0.5 mg/ml. Virus-infected cells grew normally when the mass concentration of solution of Jundu-qing granules was 1.25 mg/ml. IC50 of Junduqing granules was 0.22 mg/ml and TI was 8.14;IC50 of chlorogenic acid were 0.18 and 0.36 mg/ml,TI were 3.94 and 1.97. CONCLUSIONS:Junduqing granules have in vitro anti-CoxB3 and RSV effect.