Objective To study the effect of transplanted with human mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) on the rat liver fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride(CCl-4)-induced hepatocirrhosis rats. Methods Wistar rats were divided into control(n=8) and hepatocirrhosis groups,and 24 hepatocirrhosis rats were made by subcutaneous injection with 60% CCl-4-peanut oil for 7 weeks,named 7-week hepatocirrhosis group(n=8).Other 7 weeks hepatocirrhosis rats were subdivided into MSC control group(n=8) and MSC transplanted group(n=8).After identification to MSCs with FACS calibur flow cytometry,MSCs were injected into the superior mesenteric vein for 3 weeks in MSC transplanted group.All of rats were killed at the beginning of 11-week.The clinical blood biochemical parameters from the inferior vena cava were examined.The survival of human MSCs in liver was observed by immunohistochemistry reaction of anti-hEGF-R.The degree of liver cirrhosis was evaluated by stains of Sirius red. Results Plasma ALP,ALB and CHO were abnormal to varying degree in 7-week hepatocirrhosis,MSC control and MSC transplanted groups.In 7 weeks hepatocirrhosis rats,a large amount of hyperplastic collagenous fiber was presented in liver tissue and the frame of the pseudolobuli was formed.These were similar to MSC control group.Only in MSC transplanted group,a few human EGF-R(+) cells were observed in livers.The amount of hyperplastic collagenous fiber in MSC transplanted group was significantly lower than those of the 7-week hepatocirrhosis and MSC control gruops.Conclusion Liver fibrosis could be improved obviously in hepatocirrhosis rats transplanted with human MSCs.These experimental results could probably provide an experimental evidence of treatment of liver cirrhosis.

Objective To study the optimum condition of preparing ofloxaxcin gelatin microspheres. Methods Oflox?axcin gelatin microspheres were manufactured using the emulsion chemical-cross linking method and gelatin was employed as carrier, liquid paraffin as oil phase, Span80 as emulsifier, . The loading capability and entrapment efficiency of the ofloxax?cin gelatin microspheres were determined by UV Spectrophotometry. The effect of gelatin concentration, oil/water volume ra?tio, gelatin/ofloxaxcin mass ratio and volume fraction of span80 on drug loading capability and entrapment efficiency were in?vestigated. The optimum proportions of each component was obtained by L9 (34) orthogonal test, based on the above 4 factors, using sum of drug loading capability and entrapment efficiency as evaluation index. Results The optimum condition for manufacturing high quality ofloxaxcin gelatin microspheres used 20%of gelatin concentration,water/oil volume ratio at 3.5∶1, gelatin/ofloxaxcin mass ratio at 1∶1, the span 80 volume fraction of 2.5%. Conclusion Drug loading capability and entrap?ment efficiency of the ofloxaxcin gelatin microspheres reached 80%using this manufacture technology therefore the prepara?tion was stable and feasible.

Objective To research the expression of glucose regulating protein 78(GRP78) in livers of carbon tetrachloride(CCl-4) induced hepatocirrhosis rats.Methods Healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group(n=5)and hepatocirrhosis group(n=5).Oily solution with 0.12ml per 100g rat weight was subcutaneous injected in control group,and 60% carbon tetrachloride oily solution with 0.3ml per 100g rat weight were subcutaneous injected in hepatocirrhosis group for 20 weeks.At the first day of 21 weeks,all rats were killed.Each blood was collected from right ventricle and some hepatic function was measured.The morphological structure in hepatic middle lobule were observed through the staining of H E and Sirius red.The expressions of GRP78 was detected by immnunohistochemistry,Western blotting and RT-PCR.Results The serum ALT in 20 weeks hepatocirrhosis group(278.2?88.42) was evidently higher than that in control group(154.8?9.94,t=3.10,P

Objective To observe the change of renal morphological structure and apoptosis of renal cells. Methods Healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group(n=5),2 weeks CCl_4 group(n=5) and 6 weeks CCl_4 group(n=5).The control group were injected oily solution with 0.12ml/100g rat weight,the CCl_4 group were subcutaneously injected 60% carbon tetrachloride oily solution with 0.3ml/100g rat weight.At the first day of 3 weeks and 7 weeks,2 weeks CCl_4 group and 6 weeks CCl_4 group rats were respectively killed.The morphological structure in renal central section was observed after HE staining.The expressions of Caspase-3 and Bax were detected by immunohistochemistry.The apoptosis of rat renal cells was detected by TUNEL staining. Results The structures of rat renal tubules and corpuscle was normal in the control group.We detected the histological change in proximal tubules in the 6 weeks CCl_4 group,tiny tomentums of epithelial cells fell off,cells was vacuolization.The structure of renal corpuscle was normal.The pathological changes of 2 weeks CCl_4 group were similar,but relative little and limited.There was no Caspase-3 and Bax positive cell in control group and 2 weeks CCl_4 group,but lots of Caspase-3 and Bax positive cells were in 6 weeks CCl_4 group,mainly fastened on epithelial cells of proximal tubules near the medulla,and brown granules were mostly located in the cytoplasm.There was no positive cell in control group by TUNEL staining.There were a lot of apoptosis epithelial cells of proximal tubules,renal glomerular also had a few of TUNEL positive cells in the 2 weeks CCl_4 group.Apoptosis cells mainly located in the epithelial cells of distal tubules in the 6 weeks CCl_4 group,a few of apoptosis epithelial cells were in proximal tubules.Conclusion In carbon tetrachloride induced renal injuried rats,apoptosis cells mainly happened in epithelial cells of proximal tubules in 2 weeks.The apoptosis of epithelial cells of distal tubules presented 6 weeks later.

Apoptosis and necrosis are two forms of liver diseases at cell level. Research on hepatocyte apoptosis will become the important topic for treatment of liver disease and understanding of regeneration after liver transplantation. In this study, we analyzed the correlation between endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell apoptosis from effect and function of endoplasmic reticulum stress, influence of endoplasmic reticulum stress on cell apoptosis and association between hepatocyte apoptosis and related disease. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is a self-protection mechanism for cells, but too much endoplasmic reticulum stress will harm cells even cause apoptosis. It is still unclear about the relationship of the endoplasmic reticulum stress and hepatocyte apoptosis, so we need further researches. The progress of studies about the relations between hepatocyte diseases and endoplasmic reticulum stress will improve treatments of liver diseases.

The Neutral detergent method (AACC method) for determining insoluble dietary fiber in cereals and cereal foods has been used in this experiment. The results showed that the suitable size of the sample was 40-mesh and the better period for digestion in hot neutral detergent solution was one hour for determination. Decahydronaphthalene as a defoaming agent was better than n-octane. The average recoveries of two different ways were from 94.1% to 100.4%. The coefficient of variation for eight wheat samples was 1.8%. Because of its simple equipment, easy operation and good accuracy, this method would be suitable for determination of cereals and cereal foods.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect on ulcerative colitis by methods of reinforcing qi,strengthing spleen and clearing heat antitoxicant. Methods 99 patients were divided into two groups randomly:the treatment group for oral and enteroclyste use with TCM following in the principle mentioned above,the control group for oral and enteroclyste use with western medicine following in the common practice. Comparative studies on the total therapeutic effect and the improvement of TCM syndromes between the two groups were made. Meanwhile,the Pearson correlation analysis were made to explore the relationship between the clinical effectiveness and impact factors in two groups. Results There were significant differences in the total curative effect and the improvement of TCM syndromes between two groups (P

BACKGROUND:Currently, it is stil controversial about the border, surrounding fascia, space of pelvic cavity, distribution of nerves and lymph nodes of the mesorectum, and the development of new technologies makes a progress in related anatomic research.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the previous studies so as to describe clearly the progress of mesorectal anatomy and to discuss its clinical value.
METHODS: Using “rectum; mesentery; fascia; space; nerve; lymph node; total mesorectal excision (TME); clinical anatomy” as key words, a computer-based search of PubMed was done for articles related to the mesorectum and surrounding fasciae, space of pelvic cavity, distribution of nerves and lymph nodes.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fresh or frozen specimens are often used for studying the mesenterium, fascia, nerves and lymph nodes by using traditional pelvic and perineum anatomical methods. Computer-assisted anatomical dissection can combine immunostaining with computer imaging. A three-dimensional model can wel reflect the relationship among the different anatomical structures, as wel as nerve traveling and spatial location. Mesorectum is located behind the denonviliers and in the front of the sacral fascia of the rectum. Pelvic splanchnic nerve of the mesorectum is derived from the anterior sacral nerve root, runs through the presacral fascia, and enters into the neuro-fascial layervia the pesacral space, which is divided into the upper and lower parts according to the peritoneum. There are more folds in the rear of lymph nodes within the mesorectum within and near the peritoneum. There are stil a lot of controversies about anatomical relationship between the mesorectum and surrounding structures, and to elaborate these issues can provide an objective basis for guiding clinical work.

BACKGROUND:The pelvic nerves innervate the pelvic viscera as wel as bring sensory information to the central nerve system, including splanchnic nerves and spinal nerves. Each of them comprises both motor fibers and sensitive fibers. Mostly, the key part of splanchnic plexus is pelvic plexus. Total mesorectal excision proposed by Heald in 1982 has been the “gold standard” for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. However, it carries a high risk of nerve damage during surgery, which results in urinary retention, sexual dysfunction and other complications. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the former researches so as to get a precise understanding of the pelvic fascia and nerve structure. METHODS:Using “splanchnic nerves, superior hypogastric plexus, pelvic plexus, pelvic splanchnic nerve, total mesorectal excision (TME), clinical anatomy” as key words, a computer-based search of PubMed was done for articles related to the pelvic nerves, including its pathway, consistent, ganglia, and reflection in pelvic viscera, published from 2000 to 2015. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The main splanchnic plexus in the pelvic cavity includes superior hypogastric plexus (it is located in the triangle formed by left and right common iliac artery and the sacral promontory), and pelvic plexus (hypogastric nerve, pelvic splanchnic nerve and sacral splanchnic nerve converge at the bottom of rectum, formed pelvic plexus, also known as the inferior hypogastric plexus). It is flattened against the lateral aspect of the rectum, the dorso-lateral bladder wal and the seminal vesicles. Nerves come from the plexus contain the sympathetic nerve, parasympathetic nerve and sensory nerve. They are in charge of the motions and sensations of the pelvic organs. The definite knowledge on the anatomy of pelvic fascia and nerve structures can avoid nerve damage during operation, which can help to improve the life quality of patients.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of reparation and restitution of head tissue deletion with autologous fascia lata and local flap. METHOD: The clinical data of 8 cases with scalp squamous celled carcinoma from 2003 to 2010 were summarized retrospectively. All patients carcinoma were removed almost, cerebral dura mater deletion and skin deletion from 5 cm to 15 cm, repaired cerebral dura mater with autologou fascia lata; and restitution scalp with local flap, the area of local flap were planted with free skin graft. RESULT: The outcomes of the treatment with fascia lata were very well, and the local flap of all cases were survival the free skin graft were survival from 85% to 100%. There was no leakage of cerebrospinal fluid or intracranial infection during follow-up. CONCLUSION The method of repairation and reconstruction of head tissue deletion with fascia lata and local flap is effective, the out comes are satisfying.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Dura Mater ; surgery ; Fascia Lata ; transplantation ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Scalp ; surgery ; Skin Neoplasms ; surgery ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; transplantation ; Treatment Outcome