The most important thing for the treatment of large area burned patients is to effectively cover the wound in time to prevent the occurrence and development of wound sepsis.Therefore,searching for the effective wound closure approach is the hot spot of research of large area burn treatment in recent years.There are more and more kinds of skin substitutes along with the progress of material science and technology.In this paper,we review the research on skin substitutes of large area burn treatment in China and abroad.

Nanobodies are derived from the variable domain of the heavy-chain antibodies (HCAbs) that occur naturally in the serum of camels. Using nanobody-based probes, several imaging techniques such as radionuclide-based, optical and ultrasound have been employed for visualization of target expression in various disease models. Combined with application and clinical data of nanobody in molecular imaging in recent years, this paper introduces its application in the diagnosis of diseases and the future development as a novel molecular imaging tool.
Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; Molecular Imaging ; methods ; Molecular Probes ; Nanotechnology

The aim of synthetic biology is to design artificial life systems. Such system is hoped to create a better production process with desired ability for bioproduction, biotransformation, adaption and environmental monitoring. However, to design a life system involves understanding the cellular regulation networks at multiple levels, in which the controls of protein level, subcelluar location, and activity are especially critical. Thus tuning protein expression has become essential tools in synthetic biology studies, such as part design, module assembly and compatibility optimization. Protein budget, just like budget for a factory, can be thought as the cost estimating criteria for an artificial cell factory. Protein budget control has provided a powerful optimization strategy for synthetic biology.
Artificial Cells ; metabolism ; Metabolic Engineering ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; genetics ; Protein Engineering ; Proteins ; economics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Synthetic Biology ; economics

Objective To summarize the main nursing point and experience of allogeneic small bowel transplantation.Methods One case underwent allogeneic small bowel transplantation in our hospital on the first of December 2010,the nursing measures were summarized.Results The patient passed the operation well-off,and survived the infection phase and repulsion phase in the transplantation ward.Conclusions Valid preoperative evaluation,taking active measures to prevent intraoperative hypothermia and infection,using self-made vacuum pads to prevent pressure sores during operation,are the guarantees for successful operation.

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of rutin in Anoectochili roxburghii. Methods:The detection was carried out by HPLC. A Lanbo-Kromasil C18 column(250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) was used with methanol-0. 2% phosphoric acid solu-tion (40∶60) as the mobile phase;the detection wavelength was 257nm, the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 and the column temperature was 30℃. Results:Rutin showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0. 021-0. 433 μg(r=0. 999 6). The average recovery was 96. 65%(RSD=1. 67%, n=9). Conclusion:The method is simple, rapid, specific and reproducible.

Objective To investigate clinical effect of surgical treatment for spinal stenosis with lumbar degenerative de novo scoliosis with spinal stenosis.To discuss selection of operation methods and ranges of fusion.Methods 27 patients of degenerative scoliosis with spinal stenosis were treated by oper-ation.We performed posterior decompression on the segments and selected fusion,then performed correc-tion deformity.Measured Cobb 's angle,lumbar lordosis angle,the distance between C7 plumb line (C7PL),upper edge of S1 vertebral body(SVA),and the distance between C7PL and center sacral verti-cal line(CVA)after operation and final follow up were compared with preoperative data.JOA score system were used to evaluate clinical effects.The SF-36 questionary was used to evaluate the patients'life quality before and after operation as well.Results All patients were followed up with an average of 20 months. Preoperative,postoperative and final follow up,Cobb's angle was(22.1 ±10.5 )°,(10.2 ±7.3)°and (10.4 ±4.8)°,respectively;lumbar lordosis angle was(21.2 ±10.3)°,(25.7 ±12.2)°and(25.3 ± 12.3)°,respectively;SVA was(7.5 ±6.1)cm,(0.6 ±3.1)cm and(0.5 ±2.4)cm,respectively;CVA was(6.9 ±5.3)cm,(2.8 ±1.3)cm and(2.9 ±1.2)cm,respectively.There was significant difference in data before and after operation(P >0.05).JOA score was 10.8 ±1.4,21.3 ±2.4 and 23.5 ±2.3,re-spectively;All domains of SF-36 score were significantly improved postoperatively(P <0.05).Conclu-sion For surgical treatment with limited decompression,pedicle screw fixation and fusion will be effective methods for degenerative scoliosis with spinal stenosis,individualized surgery design should be made ac-cording to clinical symptoms,signs and imaging features.

BACKGROUND:A large number of studies have shown that cast metal post-core has many advantages that it is close to the canal wal has high strength and can shape the core outside the root according to the needs. The cast metal post-core also has good retention, resistance and wel effect on clinical repair of dental defects. OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of Co-Cr aloy cast post-core and porcelain fused metal combined crowns in restoration of the separated mandibular molar residual crowns and roots. METHODS:Totaly 28 patients (42 teeth) who had the separated mandibular molar residual crowns and roots were enroled, including 10 males and 18 females, aged 18-32 years. After perfect root canal therapy and part of teeth with crown lengthening, teeth were repaired with Co-Cr aloy cast post-core and porcelain fused metal combined crowns. The patients were folowed up for 2 years. The repair effect was evaluated by combining clinical manifestations with X-ray examination. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During 2 years of folow-up, 26 cases were repaired successfuly, 2 cases failed, including 1 case of periapical periodontitis and 1 case of periodontitis. These results demonstrate that the cast post-core and porcelain-fused-metal combined crown has a good result on the residual root and crown of the separated mandibular molar.

Objective According to the methods of the research on material basis of effectiveness in traditional Chinese drug decoction, compile the software for experimental design and data analysis. Methods With ".net" platform, we use Visual Basic 2005 and database knowledge to compile the software that can analyze the HPLC data of WATERS and AGILENT at the same time but do not depend on the original HPLC system. Results Successfully Compiling the software that can help to execute the research on material basis of effectiveness in Chinese medicine decoction and analyze the experimental data. Condusion With this software, we can clearly execute the methodology line and quickly analyze the data.

Chronic inflammation has been demonstrated closely related to the tumor progression.Tumorassociated macrophage,as the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment,is a key element that links inflammation and cancer.Recently,studies found that the phenomenon and function of tumor-associated macrophage almost tend to M2 type macrophage.As an important indicator,tumor-associated macrophage usually predicts the poor progress with the cancer development.In China,Most of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are associated with chronic viral infection.A large number of macrophages in the liver infiltrated in chronic inflammation,which are differentiated by variety of mechanisms under the chronic inflammatory stimulation,promote the development of liver cancer.In this paper,we will review the tumor-associated macrophages and the development of liver cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of combination of dexmedetomidine and sufentanil preconditioning on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in isolated rat hearts.MethodsForty male SD rats weighing 180-220 g, aged 8-10 weeks, were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 3％pentobarbital 60 mg/kg and heparin 3000 U/kg.The hearts were excised and perfused in a Langendorff apparatus with K-H solution saturated with 95％O2-5％CO2 at 36.5-37.5 ℃.Forty isolated rat hearts were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n =8 each):control group (group C),I/R group,dexmedetomidine preconditioning group (group DP),sufentanil preconditioning group (group SP),and dexmedetomidine + sufentanil preconditioning group (group DS).I/R injury was induced by 30 min of ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion.Groups DP,SP and DS received 30 min of perfusion with K-H solution containing dexmedetomidine 2.3 ng/ml,sufentanil 3.77 ng/ml and dexmedetomidine 2.3ng/ml + sufentanil 3.77 ng/ml respectively at 30 min before ischemia.Coronary flow (CF),left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP),± dp/dtmax and HR were measured at 15 min of equilibration,immediately before ischemia,at 30 min of ischemia and at 120 min of reperfusion.The superoxide didmutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in myocardial tissues and infarct size were determined at 120 min of reperfusion.Results Compared with group C,CF,LVDP, ± dp/dtmax,HR and SOD activity were significantly decreased,and MPO activity,MDA concent and infarct size were significantly increased in the other 4 groups ( P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group I/R,CF was significantly decreased in groups DP and DS,HR was significantly decreased in groups SP and DS,and LVDP, ± dp/dtmax and SOD activity were significantly increased,and MPO activity,MDA content and infarct size were significantly decreased in groups DP,SP and DS ( P ＜0.05).Compared with group DS,CF was significantly decreased and HR increased in group DP,and SOD activity was significantly decreased,CF,MPO activity,MDA content and infarct size were significantly increased in group SP (P ＜ 0.05 ),and no significant change was found in SOD and MPO activities,MDA content and infarct size in group DP ( P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil preconditioning can reduce I/R injury in isolated rat hearts,but the myocardial protection is not further enhanced.