[Objective] To evaluate the participation rate of voluntary blood donation among college students in China by meta-analysis. [Methods] CNKI, Wan Fang Data, VIP, Pub Med, Web of science and Embase databases were searched to collect cross-sectional studies on the participation rate of voluntary blood donation among college students from the establishment of the database to August 10, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies, and then used Stata16.1 software for meta-analysis. [Results] Finally, 36 articles were included, with a total of 37 348 research subjects and 11 541 college students participating in voluntary blood donation. The meta-analysis results showed that the participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation in China was 34.0% [95% CI (31.0,37.0)]. The sub group analysis results showed that the participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation in different regions was 36.1% [95% CI (24.1, 48.1)] in the eastern region, 30.2% [95% CI (26.8, 33.6)] in the central region, and 35.1% [95% CI (31.0, 39.3)] in the western region, with the eastern region higher than the central and western regions (P<0.001); The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation during different research periods was 32.0% before 2020 [95% CI (31.4, 32.6)] and 27.1% after 2020 [95% CI (26.3, 27.9)], with before 2020 higher than after 2020 (P<0.001); The participation rate of voluntary blood donation among college students of different genders is 36.8% for males [95% CI (32.8, 40.9)] and 28.5% for females [95% CI (24.8, 32.2)], with males higher than females (P<0.001); The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation among different academic backgrounds was 26.8% for associate degree students [95% CI (23.1, 30.5)], 26.4% for undergraduate students and above [95% CI (22.9, 29.8)], with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05); The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation among different majors is 46.4% [95% CI (34.4, 58.4)] for medical majors and 29.1% [95% CI (22.1, 36.0)] for non-medical majors, with medical majors higher than non-medical majors (P<0.001); The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation among different grades is 27.7% [95% CI (24.3, 31.2)] for second grade and below, 33.7% [95% CI (26.4, 40.9)] for third grade and above, with the latter higher than the former (P<0.001); The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation among different household registrations is 24.7% in urban areas [95% CI (21.5, 27.8)] and 26.8% in rural areas [95% CI (22.1, 31.4)], with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05); The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation among different family attitudes was 43.3% in support [95% CI (18.5, 68.2)] and 37.8% in non support [95% CI (26.6, 48.9)], with no statistical difference (P>0.05); The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation was 35.7% [95% CI (27.8, 43.5)] among those who were aware of the blood donation policies, and 24.7% [95% CI (13.7, 35.7)] among those who were not aware, with the former higher than the latter (P<0.001); The participation rate of voluntary blood donation among college students was 47.8% [95% CI (34.5, 61.0)] among those who were aware of blood donation knowledge and 38.0% [95% CI (22.1, 53.9) among those who were not aware, with the former higher than the latter (P<0.001). [Conclusion] There is still room for improvement in the rate of voluntary blood donation among college students, and the government should plan the overall situation of blood collection, and cooperate with colleges and universities to play the main role of donation publicity, and correctly identify potential donors, so as to improve the participation rate of voluntary blood donation among college students and promote the development of voluntary blood donation.

Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a disease with complex etiology, genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic heterogeneity caused by multiple factors, including chromosome abnormalities, Y chromosome microdeletions, gene mutations and epigenetic modifications. At present, there is no unified and effective treatment strategy to restore spermatogenesis. The current treatment options include preoperative hormone optimization therapy, changing the testicular spermatogenesis microenvironment, and stem cell therapy. This article reviews the existing genetic etiology of NOA and related treatment methods, in order to provide reference for the clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate whether gemcitabine (GEM) could enhance radiosensitivity of human non-small cell lung cancer cells and its related mechanism.Methods Clonogenic assay was used to analyze radiosensitivity enhancement by GEM on p53 mutant human lung adenocarcinoma cell line 973.Alterations of cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry.Results Mild radiosesitizing effect was observed when 10 nmol/L GEM was administrated before or after irradiation.Marked radiosesitizing effect was demonstrated when 100 nmol/L GEM was administrated before or after irradiation, with much stronger effect of pre-irradiation GEM treatment.Mutation of p53 gene affected cell cycle redistribution and cell apoptosis, but had no relationship with radiosensitivity enhancement of GEM.Conclusions 100 nmol/L GEM could significantly enhance radiosensitivity of human lung cancer cells.However, this effect may not be associated with p53 gene mutation, cell cycle redistribution or cell apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the correlation between ornidazole (ONZ) salivary concentration and plasma concentra-tions in healthy subjects,and to provide reference for clinical therapeutic drug monitoring. METHODS:24 healthy volunteers were selected. After oral administration of ONZ capsules 1.00 g,their venous blood and saliva were collected at 0.25,0.5,1.5,5.5, 10.5,24.5 and 43.5 h after medication. HPLC method was used to determine the plasma and salivary concentrations of ONZ. The correlation between the two was analyzed. RESULTS:The peak values of plasma and salivary ONZ concentrations appeared imme-diately at 1.5 h after administration and the peak values were(0.96±0.15)μg/ml and(0.93±0.15)μg/ml;salivary concentration of ONZ was lower than plasma concentration at each time points,but there was no statistical significance (P>0.05);the regres-sion equation of salivary ONZ concentration and plasma concentration was csaliva=1.176 5cplasma-0.199 4(r=0.990 1). The ratio of salivary concentration and plasma concentration of ONZ (S/P) was (0.91 ± 0.06),showing positive correlation (r=0.632-0.970, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The salivary ONZ concentration is significantly correlated with plasma concentration in healthy peo-ple,so saliva can be used for therapeutic drug monitoring.

Objective To further observe the morphologic changes of in vitro model of granulomatous responses around Schistosoma japonica eggs and determine the relationship of reaction inten-suy to infection stage of those schistosome-infected mice from which the splenocytes were obtained for in vitro experiments.Methods The spleen cells isolated from schistosome-infected mice were incubated and dry schistosome eggs were added into those cultures. These splenocytes responses surrounding eggs were observed and counted under the microscope.Results The splenocytes from infected mice showed obvious adherent responses to the dry eggs. Adhering cells were,at first,granulocytes,then replaced by the macrophages. Around the eggs proliferating lymphocytes,later fibroblasts, were found. The reaction index (RI) of the spleen cells from infected mice were significantly higher (P

Objective To investigate the value of external counterpulsation and traction therapy on patients with vertebral artery insufficiency syndrome by use of transcranial Doppler (TCD). Methods Based on the criteria of clinical diagnosis, 86 patients with vertebral artery insufficiency syndrome and 60 healthy persons were examined by EME 4004 type TCD. The peak velocity (Vp) and mean velocity (Vm) of blood flow of the vertebral artery (VA) and basilar artery (BA) were detected and analyzed before and after rehabilitation treatment. Results The blood flow velocities of the vertebrobasilar artery (VBA) of the patient group were much lower than that of the control group ( P 0.05). Conclusion TCD examination while rotating neck could provide valuable information for the diagnosis and rehabilitation assessment of patients with vertebral artery insufficiency syndrome. External counterpulsation and traction therapy are effective in the treatment of the vertebral artery insufficiency syndrome.

Objective To investigate changes in the collagen expression and elastic modulus in scleral tissues of experimental high myopia, so as to further explain the mechanism of high myopia. Methods Twenty one-month-old New Zealand white rabbits were monocularly treated by eyelid suturation randomly to build an experimental high myopia eye model. Eyes without such operation were set as the normal control. After 60 days, the experimental high myopia eye models were successfully established by measuring the eye axis. The eyeballs were obtained to assess three regions of the sclera (anterior, equatorial, and posterior area). The three regions of the scleral tissues were separately divided into four groups. The first group was made into scleral strips for elastic modulus measurement using an Instron5544. The second group was hematoxylin-and-eosin stained for observation of the scleral structures. The third group was used for electron microscopy to observe the size distribution of collagen fibrils. The last group was homogenized, and the concentration of hydroxyproline was measured to determine the collagen content. Results The elastic modulus, collagen content, and diameters of the collagen fibrils of each scleral region increased with age. The posterior sclera of high myopia had looser collagen fibril arrangement, less hydroxyproline concentration, and lower elastic modulus than the normal eyes. However, there was no significant difference as for the anterior and equatorial sclera. Conclusions The remodeled posterior sclera of high myopia has a looser collagen fibril arrangement, less collagen, and lower elastic modulus, which easily causes expansion and deformation and thus lead to high myopia. The research findings provide the theoretical guidance for high myopia prevention by targeting the collagen during early development.

Objective To analyze the incidence and risk factors of colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAP) in recipients after liver transplantation. Methods Seventy-seven liver transplant recipients and 231 individuals undergoing colonoscopy during physical examination were recruited in this study. The incidence of CAP and pathological examination results were analyzed. Clinical data of liver transplant recipients were collected. According to the incidence of CAP, liver transplant recipients were divided into the CAP group (n=28) and non-CAP group (n=49). The risk factors of CAP after liver transplantation were identified. Results The 5-year cumulative incidence rates of colorectal polyps in liver transplant recipients and physical examination individuals were 43% and 34%, and 29% and 23% for the 5-year cumulative incidence rates of CAP, with no significant differences (both P > 0.05). Among all liver transplant recipients, 65 polyps were detected. The quantity of polyps in 1 case was excessively high and not counted. Multiple polyps were identified in certain recipients. Five polyps were not prepared for pathological examination due to small size. Pathological examination of 60 polyps demonstrated 25 inflammatory polyps, 33 CAP (8 complicated with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and 3 complicated with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia), and 2 well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Cox model analysis prompted that use of ciclosporine after liver transplantation was an independent risk factor for CAP in the recipients. Conclusions The risk of CAP is slightly elevated after liver transplantation. Postoperative use of ciclosporine is an independent risk factor for CAP in recipients after liver transplantation. Colonoscopy should be emphasized in the recipients after liver transplantation.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between body composition and eating habits among medical students, and to provide evidence for health promotion. Methods: In December 2021, stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey and body composition assessment among 445 students in grade one to grade four in Jining Medical University. Results: There were 152 girls (53.3%) and 45 boys (28.1%) with low skeletal muscle mass. Totally 167 students ( 37.5% ) had lower muscle mass, including 115 females (40.4%) and 49 males (30.6%). High body fat percentage was found in 259 (58.2%) students, including 179 females (62.8%) and 80 males (50.0%). There were 192 students (43.1%) with abnormal waist to hip ratio, with 139 females (48.8%) and 53 males (33.1%). In addition, emotional eating score of female students was significantly higher than that of male students(6.85±2.24, 6.11±2.69, t =2.96, P <0.05). Cognitive restricted eating was positively correlated with skeletal muscle mass and musde mass( r=0.13, 0.13, P <0.05). Emotional eating was positively correlated with body fat percentage, body fat and waist hip ratio( r =0.20, 0.20, 0.16, P <0.05). Unrestricted eating was positively correlated with body fat percentage, body fat and waist hip ratio( r =0.15, 0.18, 0.15, P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender, family residence, physical activity and cognitive eating were associated with skeletal muscle mass and muscle mass of medical students( P <0.05). Conclusion With low skeletal muscle mass, low muscle mass, body fat percentage and waist and hip high ratio, reasonable eating habits combined with resistance exercise should be adopted to improve their physical health.

AIM: To assess the accuracy of predicting intraocular lens(IOL)power after myopic refractive surgery using the Pentacam system's true net power(TNP)in the 3 mm zone combined with the SRK/T formula [i.e. TNP 3 mm(SRK/T)].METHODS: Retrospective study. This study enrolled 35 cases(50 eyes)of patients undergoing cataract surgery after laser assisted in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)or photorefractive keratectomy(PRK)from July 2019 to December 2021. Preoperatively, IOL power of 50 eyes, 34 eyes and 41 eyes was calculated by TNP 3 mm(SRK/T), Barrett True-K and Olsen 2 formulas, respectively, with at least 2 formulas used to calculate IOL power for each patient. The actual diopter was recorded 3 mo postoperatively. Prediction errors(PE)of IOL power were compared among the three calculation methods, and the proportion of eyes with PE within ±0.5 D and ±1.0 D was analyzed.RESULTS: The PE at 3 mo postoperatively for TNP 3 mm(SRK/T), Barrett True-K, and Olsen 2 was -0.02±0.63, -0.54±0.80, and 0.25±0.80 D, respectively(P<0.001). The proportions of PE within ±0.5 D were 66%(33/50), 44%(15/34)and 37%(15/41), respectively(P<0.05); the proportions of PE within ±1.0 D were 88%(44/50), 71%(24/34)and 80%(33/41), respectively(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: The Pentacam TNP 3 mm(SRK/T)method is simple to operate and provides accurate calculation of IOL power after corneal refractive surgery.