This paper deals with the development of Paragonimus westermani (Kerbert, 1878) in mice inoculated with metacercariae or stunted adolescariae. In metacercaria-inoculated mice, all worms were stunted all the time, but when the stunted worms were orally transferred Into mice, some (8.4%) grew so fast that their rudimentory reproductive organs appeared and their length was over 3 times that of stunted worms 3 weeks post inoculation; while 91.6% of the recovered adolescariae were still stunted and morphologically similar to excysted metacercaiae. When the stunted worms were repeatedly transferred through mice by oral route 8.2-10.1% of the recovered worms developed quickly, while the remainder was still stunted (Table 1).After 3 transfers in mice, the stunted worms were still able to infect dogs orally and reach maturity (Table 2).On the basis of the study, it is postulated that cannibalism and preying among wild rats would enable P. westermani to be transferred among rodent paratenic hosts.

Objective:To determine whether p53 protein overexpression correlated with early tumor recurrence in carcinoma of maxillary sinus.Method:Forty-five patients with T2NoMo squamous cell carcinoma of maxillary sinus were treated with operation and/or radiotherapy . The median follow up time was 3 years. The ratio of local control was 62.2% (28 patients) , as control group ; The ratio of local recurrence and/or metastasis was 37.8% (17 patients),as experiment group . Cancer specimens were obtained before treatment.p53 protein overexpression, which indicated a mutated p53 gene ,was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, using the mouse monoclonal antibody DO-7.Result:Approximately 88.2% of the carcinoma that recurred locally overexpressed p53 protein , compared with only 28.6% of those with local control (P<0.01) .No significant relation was noted between p53 protein overexpression and pathohistologic grade .Intensity of staining did not predict tumor recurrece.Conclusion:The study demonstrated that the p53 protein is an important prognostic marker on gene level for maxillary sinus carcinoma.

Objective To establish a model of rat endotoxic pulpitis induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS);to study the dynamic expression and location of Oct-4B in rat pulpitis model at different time;To evaluate the role of Oct-4B on pulp injury and reparation in rat endotoxic pulpitis. Method The slides were made and the dynamic expression and location of Oct-4B was examined by immunohistochemistry. Results Oct-4B was moderately positive in the pulp fibroblasts and odontoblasts in 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, it was still positive in odontoblasts and fibroblasts. Up to 3 weeks, it was weakly positive in odontoblasts and fibroblasts. Conclusion Oct-4B is dynamically expressed in the rats with pulpitis, and may play an important role in the incidence,development and recovery of pulpitis.

BACKGROUND: The grafted human hair keratin(HHK) artificial tendon,being degradable and absorbable, can induce formation of neotendon. In the present study, the main biomechanical indexes of HHK artificial tendon and its components were measured so as to determine a proper ratio for the artificial tendon composition according to different needs of the body sites and make it possess tensile stress required for functional activities.OBJECTIVE: To determine the main biomechanical indexes of HHK artificial tendon and its components.DESIGN: An observational study based on HHK artificial tendon.SETTING: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Biomechanical Key Laboratory of Chinese PLA, and Department of Histology and Embryology, a military medical university; Foshan Kangxing Medical Technology Co., Ltd.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed at the Medical Biomechanical Key Laboratory of the First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in October 2001. The material of HHK artificial tendons was uncontaminated black hair collected from healthy young women in remote mountainous areas free from endemic diseases. There were three components of HHK artificial tendons with different in vivo absorption velocities Z, B and F. The in vivo absorption was the slowest for Z, faster for B, and the fastest for F. Different kinds of HHK artificial tendon were the mixture of Z, B and F at a proper ratio. Each group had 3 kinds, namely, Z3.0-20, B3.0-20, and F3.0-20. HHK artificial tendon consisted of 6 kinds: ZBF1. 0-20,ZBF1.5-20, ZBF3.0-20, ZBF6. 0-20, ZBF9. 0-20, and ZBF12.0-20.METHODS: Both ends of an HHK artificial tendon or each of its components were fixed on MTS 858 Moni Bionix checker to determine such biomechanical indexes as fracturing pull and tensile stress.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Fracturing pull and tensile stress of HHK artificial tendon of different kinds and its components.RESULTS: Fracturing pull in Z3.0-20, B3.0-20 and F3.0-20 groups was (211.8 ± 12. 1 ), ( 178.8 ± 8.2), and ( 151.3 ± 6. 7) N, respectively; tensile stress was(71.3 ±3.9), (59.9 ±2. 7), and(50. 3 ±2.3) Mpa, respectively. Fracturing pull and tensile stress were decreased gradually in the same cross-section area of the 3 kinds of materials; Fracturing pull in ZBF1.0-20,ZBF1.5-20, ZBF3.0-20, ZBF6.0-20, ZBF9.0-20, and ZBF12.0-20 groups was(75.0 ± 3.0), (107.8±4.2), (194.1±5.3), (375.9±12.7),(508.2 ±21.3), and(670.8 ±25.4) N, respectively, while tensile stress was(75.0 ±3.0), (72.0 ±2.8), (65.1 ± 1.8), (62.9 ±2.2), (56. 3 ±2.4),and(55.8 ± 1.5) Mpa, respectively.CONCLUSION: Fracturing pull of HHK artificial tendon is increased with the increase of cross-section area, whereas tensile stress is slightly decreased with the increase of cross section area. With the increased extent of human hair treatment, its absorption in vivo is accelerated, and fracturing pull and tensile stress of HHK artificial tendon are decreased.

Objective To study the expressions of XIAP and survivin in breast carcinoma tissues and their(value) in predicting the recurrence of breast carcinoma.Methods The expression of XIAP and survivin in 65 benign and 65 malignant breast paraffin-embedded specimens was detected by using immunohistochemical assay and the results were compared.Results The positive rate of XIAP and survivin in recurrent breast carcinoma(recurrent group) was 82.2% and 85.7% respectively,and in non-recurrent breast carcinoma tissue(non-recurrent group) was 54.5% and 45.5% respectively,and in both groups were increased significantly as compared with that of benign breast tissues(20.0%,and 13.3% respectively).The positive expression of XIAP and survivin was increased significantly in recurrent group as compared with non-recurrent group(P

Due to the theoretical and technique limitation of traditional surgery,surgical treatment of complex intrahepatic biliary diseases was left for an unresolved difficult problem of the last century.Uncertainties of the anatomical,physiological,pathological changes and surgical techniques in the intrahepatic biliary tract contribute to this complexity.Through integrated application of modern scientific technology and traditional medicine methods and systematic optimization and innovation of biliary surgical theories and techniques,authors have developed a paradigm of precision biliary surgery which is characterized by high quantification,visualization and controllability.The establishment of the precise biliary surgical system solves the difficulty in surgeries for intrahepatic biliary diseases,puts forward the biliary surgery from extrahepatic ducts,hilar ducts to intrahepatic ducts,entering a new segment era of the biliary surgery marked by precision treatment of intrahepatic biliary diseases.

Objective To evaluate the possible protective effect of isoflurane and propofol on myocardium during off pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Methods Twenty-six patients undergoing elective CABG without cardiopulmonary bypass were allocated into propofol group (n=13) and isoflurane group (n=13). Anesthesia was performed in propofol group with propofol plus fentanyl, while isoflurane and fentanyl were used in isoflurane group. Artery blood samples were collected before induction of anesthesia, and during and after the surgery. Plasma troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lactate concentrations were determined respectively. Results At the 4 hours after operation, plasma level of cTnI was significantly increased in both groups, and no significant differences were found between them. Compared with baseline values, IL-6 in propofol group showed no significant changes at each endpoint. However, IL-6 values in isoflurane group were significantly higher than those in propofol group during and after surgery (P

With the combined interruption of the superior mesenteric vein, the splenic artery and vein and the portal vein, we successfully separated the adhesion between the collum pancreatis and the portal vein which is difficult to separate in 8 cases During the separation, the portal vein was damaged in 2～5 parts, and the size of wounds of vein were of 2～6mm in length, but the amount of bleeding was small and the bleeding speed was slow All the wounds were easily repaired under direct vision We consider that the mothod of the combined interruption is safe and effective for the separation of the adhesion between the collum pancreatis and the portal vein, and is helpful to increasing the success rate of removing carcinoma of the head of pancreases The interruption is safe for 20～25 minutes under normothermia

Objective:To evaluate the long-term effect of augmentation rhinoplasty with silicone. Method:360 patients underwent augmentation rhinoplasty with silicone. Improved L shaped implants were used in 343patients. Result: Among 360 patients, 334 cases were successful enough (92.83 ％0 ). Conclusion: The key to themaintenance of the long-term effect is to use properly improvedL-shaped implant,to choose a suitable tunnel,to prevent various complications and to ask patient's opinions for implant design.

Objective To explore the use of the right hepatic pedicle to guide classification of liver neoplasms on medical imaging and the type of liver resection.Methods From January 2009 to December 2012,32 patients with a single liver neoplasm surrounding the right hepatic pedicle,including 17 patients with primary liver cancer and 15 patients with cavernous hemangioma of liver,were recruited into this study in our hospital.Using the position of the neoplasm in relation to the right hepatic pedicle on CT or MRI,these liver neoplasms were divided into 4 types:type A neoplasms which infiltrated or surrounded the right hepatic pedicle; type B neoplasms which were in the front of the right hepatic pedicle; type C neoplasms which were at the back of the right hepatic pedicle,and type D neoplasms which were between the two branches of the right hepatic pedicle.Before surgery,a simulated plan was designed on the different hepatic vascular inflow obstruction and types of hepatectomy based on the classification in medical imaging.Results The locations of the liver neoplasm were completely in line with the preoperative imaging classification.Boththe vascular flow obstruction and the types of hepatectomy correlated with the preoperative surgery simulation planning.Five patients with type A neoplasms underwent right hemihepatectomy or extended right hepatectomy; 8 with type B tumors underwent right anterior sectionectomy or mesohepatectomy; 9 with type C neoplasms underwent segment Ⅴ,Ⅵ resection; 10 with type D tumors underwent right anterior or right posterior sectionectomy.Pringle maneuver,total hepatic blood inflow obstruction and selective right hepatic blood inflow obstruction were applied according to the operation and the regional anatomical structures.All operations were smoothly carried out with an average operation time of 145 min.The average blood loss was 320 ml and 18 patients required intraoperative blood transfusion with an average blood transfusion amount of 460 ml.Postoperative complications included bile leakage (n =3),right pleural effusion (n =2) and hemorrhage (n =1).They all responded to conservative treatment.Conclusion This classification using preoperative medical imaging of the right hepatic pedical could provide important information for liver resection,and it is helpful for formulating more refined operation scheme.