Objective Using meta-analysis to identify the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction(AMI).Methods A computerized retrieval of academic papers concerning the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI from the databases of CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and Cochrane Library was conducted.The retrieval time period was from the establishment of the database to January 2024.In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the study,two independent reviewers screened the literature according to the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria,extracted key data,and strictly evaluated the quality of the literature.RevMan5.4 software was used to make meta-analysis.Results A total of 23 articles with a total of 9 780 cases were included in this analysis.The results of meta-analysis showed that reperfusion time ≥6 h(OR=1.52),preoperative TIMI blood flow≤level-Ⅰ(OR=1.12),heavy thrombus burden(OR=1.60),advanced age(OR=1.56),diabetes(OR=1.83),preoperative Killip grade≥Ⅲ(OR=2.52),long target vessel disease(OR=1.95),and collateral flow≤level-Ⅰ(OR=1.61)were the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.Preoperative systolic blood pressure＜90 mmHg(OR=1.17)and high white blood cell(WBC)count(OR=1.27)were not the risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.Conclusion Reperfusion time ≥ 6 h,preoperative TIMI blood flow≤level-Ⅰ,heavy thrombus burden,advanced age,diabetes,preoperative Killip grade≥level-Ⅲ,long target vessel lesion,and collateral blood flow≤level-Ⅰ are the independent risk factors for slow-flow or no-reflow during PCI in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI.

Objective:To evaluate the repeatability of anterior segment biometry measurements obtained using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and the ArcScan Insight 100, and to compare the agreement between the two devices.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Seventy myopic patients (70 eyes) who underwent V4c implantable collamer lens implantation at Henan Eye Hospital from March to May 2023 were included.The ArcScan Insight 100 and UBM were used to measure the following parameters three times: angle-to-angle distance (ATA), sulcus-to-sulcus distance (STS), anterior chamber depth (ACD), crystalline lens rise (CLR), anterior chamber width (ACW), ciliary body inner diameter (CBID), anterior chamber angle (ACA), trabecular-ciliary angle (TCA) and maximum ciliary body thickness (CBTmax). The repeatability of anterior segment biological measurements obtained using the two devices was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The consistency between the two instruments was evaluated by Bland-Altman consistency test.This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Henan Eye Hospital (No.HNEECKY-2021[13]). All patients understood the purpose and significance of this study and signed the informed consent form.Results:The repeatability of ATA, STS, ACD, CLR, ACW, CBID, ACA, TCA and CBTmax measured by UBM and ArcScan Insight 100 was good (all ICC>0.9). There was no significant difference in ACD, ACW, and ACA between the two instruments ( t=0.696, -1.025, -1.447; all P>0.05). ATA, STS, CLR and CBID measured by UBM were lower and TCA and CBTmax were higher than those measured by UBM ArcScan Insight 100, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-8.586, -12.551, -4.481, -4.420, 4.535, 7.812; all P<0.05). The differences of ATA, STS, ACD, CLR, ACW, CBID and CBTmax between UBM and ArcScan Insight 100 were 0.38, 0.47, -0.01, 0.07, 0.3, 0.26 and -0.21 mm, respectively, with the 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of (-0.34, 1.10), (-0.15, 1.09), (-0.28, 0.26), (-0.20, 0.35), (-0.33, 0.93), (-0.71, 1.23) and (-0.64, 0.23)mm, respectively, which showed good coherence.The differences in ACA and TCA measurements were 2.26° and -7.81°, respectively, and the 95%LoA values were (-23.36°, 27.89°) and (-36.05°, 20.43°), respectively, with poor coherence.There was a strong positive correlation in ACD measurements measured by UBM and ArcScan Insight 100 ( r=0.827, P<0.05). There were moderate positive correlations in ATA, STS, CLR, ACW and CBID ( r=0.678, 0.749, 0.617, 0.765, 0.519; all P<0.05). There was no significant correlation in ACA, TCA and CBTmax ( r=0.270, 0.032, 0.178; all P>0.05). Conclusions:The repeatability of ArcScan Insight 100 and UBM in measuring anterior segment biological parameters is good.However, the consistency of ACA, TCA and CBTmax measured by the two instruments is poor and may be affected by self-regulation of the body.ATA, STS, ACD, CLR, ACW and CBID have good consistency and can be used interchangeably.

Objective To establish a rat model of acute antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in kidney transplantation and investigate the preventive effect of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on acute AMR. Methods BN rats were used as donors and Lewis rats as recipients. Kidney transplantation was performed 2 weeks after skin transplantation for sensitization. After establishing the acute AMR model in rat kidney transplantation, the recipients of experimental groups included the syngeneic kidney transplantation group (6 rats), the allogeneic kidney transplantation group (6 rats), the syngeneic skin transplantation followed by kidney transplantation group (12 rats), and the allogeneic skin transplantation followed by kidney transplantation group (24 rats). The groups for investigating the preventive effect of DHA on acute AMR included the control group (allogeneic skin transplantation followed by kidney transplantation) and the DHA group (allogeneic skin transplantation followed by kidney transplantation + DHA), with 12 rats in each group. The survival time of recipient rats, serum donor-specific antibody (DSA) levels and graft pathological changes were used to identify the acute AMR model. On this basis, DSA levels, pathological changes in the transplant kidneys and peripheral blood B-cell levels were detected to assess the preventive effect of DHA on acute AMR. Results Compared with the allogeneic kidney transplantation group, skin transplantation sensitization significantly shortened the survival time of recipient rats (P<0.01). Compared with the syngeneic skin transplantation followed by kidney transplantation group, the allogeneic skin transplantation followed by kidney transplantation group showed significantly elevated serum DSA-IgG levels from 7 days after skin transplantation to 5 days after kidney transplantation (P<0.01), and significantly elevated DSA-IgM levels at 7 and 14 days after skin transplantation(all P<0.01). The transplant kidneys in the allogeneic skin transplantation followed by kidney transplantation group showed a small number of inflammatory cell infiltrations, tubular necrosis, capillaritis, and C4d deposition starting from 1 day after kidney transplantation, with these pathological changes worsening as the post-transplantation days increased. The kidney damage became significant starting from 3 days after transplantation. The above pathology manifestations were consistent with the characteristics of acute AMR. On the basis of establishing the acute AMR model, DHA treatment significantly prolonged the survival time of recipient rats (P<0.01) , and reduced serum DSA-IgG and DSA-IgM levels. DHA treatment significantly alleviated the pathological manifestations of acute AMR, including kidney damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, capillaritis and tubular necrosis, and also reduced C4d deposition in the transplant kidneys, inflammatory cell infiltration and peripheral blood CD19⁺ B-cell levels. Conclusions An acute AMR model is established by performing kidney transplantation 2 weeks after allogeneic skin transplantation in rats. It is discovered that DHA has immunosuppressive effects and may effectively prevent acute AMR, which provides a new strategy for the management of clinical AMR.

Depression is increasingly prevalent among adolescents and can profoundly impact their lives. However, the early detection of depression is often hindered by the time-consuming diagnostic process and the absence of objective biomarkers. In this study, we propose a novel approach for depression detection based on an affective brain-computer interface (aBCI) and the resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG). By fusing EEG features associated with both emotional and resting states, our method captures comprehensive depression-related information. The final depression detection model, derived through decision fusion with multiple independent models, further enhances detection efficacy. Our experiments involved 40 adolescents with depression and 40 matched controls. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 86.54% on cross-validation and 88.20% on the independent test set, demonstrating the efficiency of multimodal fusion. In addition, further analysis revealed distinct brain activity patterns between the two groups across different modalities. These findings hold promise for new directions in depression detection and intervention.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Depression/diagnosis* ; Early Diagnosis ; Rest ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Models, Psychological ; Reproducibility of Results ; Affect/physiology* ; Photic Stimulation/methods* ; Video Recording ; Brain/physiopathology*

Objective:To investigate the association between social jetlag and depressive symptoms among college students, as well as its potential influencing factors.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire platform (Wenjuanxing) from March to April 2023, collecting data on social jetlag, depressive symptoms, and other factors from students at Shantou University. Social jetlag time was defined as the absolute difference between the midpoint of sleep time on weekends and weekdays, with a cutoff at the 75th percentile. The presence of social jetlag was defined as social jetlag time≥1 hour. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), with a score of≥10 indicating the presence of depressive symptoms. Participants were divided into depressive symptom group (BDI≥10) and non-depressive symptom group (BDI<10). Linear regression and logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between social jetlag and depressive symptoms, with interaction terms and subgroup analyses to explore potential influencing factors.Results:A total of 1 323 college students were included. The social jetlag time (median 0.71 hour vs. 0.50 hour, Z=-3.36, P<0.001) and prevalence of social jetlag (37.64% vs. 30.57%, χ2=7.03, P=0.008) were both higher in the depressive symptom group than in the non-depressive symptom group. The linear regression model showed that each additional hour of social jetlag was associated with an increase of 0.67 points in BDI score (95% CI=0.16-1.18, β=0.06, P=0.010), after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, being a medical student, smoking, drinking, caffeine intake, physical exercise, anxiety symptoms, insomnia symptoms, and sleep duration. The logistic regression model indicated that social jetlag was a risk factor for depressive symptoms (O R=1.34, 95% CI=1.02-1.76, P=0.036), which was moderated by physical exercise (interaction P=0.033). Among participants without physical exercise, social jetlag was associated with depressive symptoms ( OR=1.71, 95% CI=1.18-2.48, P=0.005), while no such association was found among those with physical exercise ( OR=0.97, 95% CI=0.64-1.47, P=0.892). Conclusion:Social jetlag may be associated with depressive symptoms in college students. This adverse relationship may be improved by enhancing physical exercise.

Objective:To evaluate the repeatability of anterior segment biometry measurements obtained using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and the ArcScan Insight 100, and to compare the agreement between the two devices.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Seventy myopic patients (70 eyes) who underwent V4c implantable collamer lens implantation at Henan Eye Hospital from March to May 2023 were included.The ArcScan Insight 100 and UBM were used to measure the following parameters three times: angle-to-angle distance (ATA), sulcus-to-sulcus distance (STS), anterior chamber depth (ACD), crystalline lens rise (CLR), anterior chamber width (ACW), ciliary body inner diameter (CBID), anterior chamber angle (ACA), trabecular-ciliary angle (TCA) and maximum ciliary body thickness (CBTmax). The repeatability of anterior segment biological measurements obtained using the two devices was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The consistency between the two instruments was evaluated by Bland-Altman consistency test.This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Henan Eye Hospital (No.HNEECKY-2021[13]). All patients understood the purpose and significance of this study and signed the informed consent form.Results:The repeatability of ATA, STS, ACD, CLR, ACW, CBID, ACA, TCA and CBTmax measured by UBM and ArcScan Insight 100 was good (all ICC>0.9). There was no significant difference in ACD, ACW, and ACA between the two instruments ( t=0.696, -1.025, -1.447; all P>0.05). ATA, STS, CLR and CBID measured by UBM were lower and TCA and CBTmax were higher than those measured by UBM ArcScan Insight 100, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-8.586, -12.551, -4.481, -4.420, 4.535, 7.812; all P<0.05). The differences of ATA, STS, ACD, CLR, ACW, CBID and CBTmax between UBM and ArcScan Insight 100 were 0.38, 0.47, -0.01, 0.07, 0.3, 0.26 and -0.21 mm, respectively, with the 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of (-0.34, 1.10), (-0.15, 1.09), (-0.28, 0.26), (-0.20, 0.35), (-0.33, 0.93), (-0.71, 1.23) and (-0.64, 0.23)mm, respectively, which showed good coherence.The differences in ACA and TCA measurements were 2.26° and -7.81°, respectively, and the 95%LoA values were (-23.36°, 27.89°) and (-36.05°, 20.43°), respectively, with poor coherence.There was a strong positive correlation in ACD measurements measured by UBM and ArcScan Insight 100 ( r=0.827, P<0.05). There were moderate positive correlations in ATA, STS, CLR, ACW and CBID ( r=0.678, 0.749, 0.617, 0.765, 0.519; all P<0.05). There was no significant correlation in ACA, TCA and CBTmax ( r=0.270, 0.032, 0.178; all P>0.05). Conclusions:The repeatability of ArcScan Insight 100 and UBM in measuring anterior segment biological parameters is good.However, the consistency of ACA, TCA and CBTmax measured by the two instruments is poor and may be affected by self-regulation of the body.ATA, STS, ACD, CLR, ACW and CBID have good consistency and can be used interchangeably.

Objective:To investigate the association between social jetlag and depressive symptoms among college students, as well as its potential influencing factors.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire platform (Wenjuanxing) from March to April 2023, collecting data on social jetlag, depressive symptoms, and other factors from students at Shantou University. Social jetlag time was defined as the absolute difference between the midpoint of sleep time on weekends and weekdays, with a cutoff at the 75th percentile. The presence of social jetlag was defined as social jetlag time≥1 hour. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), with a score of≥10 indicating the presence of depressive symptoms. Participants were divided into depressive symptom group (BDI≥10) and non-depressive symptom group (BDI<10). Linear regression and logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between social jetlag and depressive symptoms, with interaction terms and subgroup analyses to explore potential influencing factors.Results:A total of 1 323 college students were included. The social jetlag time (median 0.71 hour vs. 0.50 hour, Z=-3.36, P<0.001) and prevalence of social jetlag (37.64% vs. 30.57%, χ2=7.03, P=0.008) were both higher in the depressive symptom group than in the non-depressive symptom group. The linear regression model showed that each additional hour of social jetlag was associated with an increase of 0.67 points in BDI score (95% CI=0.16-1.18, β=0.06, P=0.010), after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, being a medical student, smoking, drinking, caffeine intake, physical exercise, anxiety symptoms, insomnia symptoms, and sleep duration. The logistic regression model indicated that social jetlag was a risk factor for depressive symptoms (O R=1.34, 95% CI=1.02-1.76, P=0.036), which was moderated by physical exercise (interaction P=0.033). Among participants without physical exercise, social jetlag was associated with depressive symptoms ( OR=1.71, 95% CI=1.18-2.48, P=0.005), while no such association was found among those with physical exercise ( OR=0.97, 95% CI=0.64-1.47, P=0.892). Conclusion:Social jetlag may be associated with depressive symptoms in college students. This adverse relationship may be improved by enhancing physical exercise.

Etiological research is necessary for understanding the occurrence and epidemiological patterns of diseases, and is also a prerequisite for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of clinical diseases. Mendelian randomization(MR), a method of research that combines genetics and epidemiology, has the advantage of exploring the causal relationship between exposure and disease genetically as well as avoiding confounding factors and reverse causation. Thus, it has been extensively utilized in the etiological study of diseases. This paper reviews the implementation of MR in the research of ocular diseases and provides ideas and approaches for the investigation of related mechanisms as well as the development of intervention strategies.

Objective:To discuss the protective effect of gingerone on the hippocampal neuron HT22 cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R),and to clarify the related mechanism.Methods:The HT22 cells were cultured,and the OGD/R cell injury model was established by setting the gradient of OGD/R time.The HT22 cells were divided into control group,OGD/R group,OGD/R+ 1 μmol·L-1 gingerone group,OGD/R + 10 μmol·L-1 gingerone group,OGD/R+100 μmol·L-1 gingerone group,and OGD/R+0.2%dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)group.The viability of the cells in various groups was detected by CCK-8 assay;the survival rates of the cells in various groups were calculated to determine the optimal drug concentration of gingerone.The cells were divided into control,OGD/R group,OGD/R+ gingerone,and OGD/R+gingerone+nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2(Nrf2)inhibitor(ML385)groups.The cells in OGD/R + gingerone group were treated with gingerone for 4 h before OGD treatment for 8 h followed by reoxygenation for 8 h,and the cells in OGD/R+gingerone+ ML385 group were treated with 10 μmol·L-1 ML385 for 6 h before gingerone treatment.The viability of the cells in various groups was detected by CCK-8 assay;the expression levels of Nrf2,heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),and Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)proteins in the cells in various groups were detected by Western blotting method;the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and the level of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the cell culture supernatant in various groups were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method.Results:Compared with control group,the survival rate of the HT22 cells was below 50%after treated with OGD for 8 h and reoxygenation for 8 h,so the HT22 cell OGD/R model was established by treated with OGD for 8 h and reoxygenation for 8 h.Compared with OGD/R group,the survival rates of the cells in OGD/R+different doses of gingerone groups were increased to various extents,and the survival rate of the cells in OGD/R+ 100 μmol·L-1 gingerone group was significantly increased(P<0.01);so 100 μmol·L-1 gingerone was used for the subsequent experiment.Compared with control group,the viability of the cells in OGD/R group was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the expression levels of Nrf2,HO-1,and Bax proteins in the cells were significantly increased(P<0.01),while the expression level of Bcl-2 protein in the cells was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the SOD activity in the cell culture supernatant was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the level of MDA was significantly increased(P<0.01);compared with OGD/R group,the viability of the cells in OGD/R + gingerone group was significantly increased(P<0.01),and the expression levels of Nrf2,HO-1,and Bcl-2 proteins in the cells were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the expression level of Bax protein in the cells was decreased(P<0.05),the SOD activity in the cell culture supernatant was significantly increased(P<0.01),and the level of MDA was significantly decreased(P<0.01);compared with OGD/R + gingerone group,the viability of the cells in OGD/R + gingerone + ML385 group was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the expression levels of Nrf2,HO-1,and Bcl-2 proteins were significantly decreased(P<0.01),while the expression level of Bax protein in the cells was significantly increased(P<0.01),the SOD activity in the cell culture supernatant was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the level of MDA was significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Gingerone alleviates the oxidative stress damage,and thereby plays an inhibiory effect on the apoptosis of the HT22 neurons by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway after OGD/R.

Islelet transplantation (IT) is an ideal treatment for type 1 diabetes. However, a large number of transplanted islet cells become lost due to immune responses and other reasons, resulting in a poor long-term efficacy of IT. Islet encapsulation is wrapping islet cells with semi-permeable materials for protecting insulin secretion function by islet cells, reducing islet cell apoptosis and minimizing immune responses. Nanotechnology enables a nanoscale control of encapsulated materials. A better "isolation" of islet cells and external environment is essential for prolonging the survival time of islet cells. This review summarized the advantages and disadvantages of different nanotechnologies in encapsulating IT for the goals of prolonging the survival of islet cells, improving insulin secretion and boosting the efficacy of IT.