The paper analyzes the operation of the public health administration system under normal circumstances and the dilemmas the system faces in case of a crisis, sums up the new features presented by e-mergent public health crises under the new circumstances: rapid spread, multiplier amplification and superimposed resonance, and discusses issues related to the establishment of an emergency response system. It argues that in order to meet the universal demands in preventing and controlling modern crises, it is imperative for the existing public health administration system to transform into the structurally differentiated and greatly enlarged emergency response system; and it is also imperative to establish the three subsystems of emergency decision-making, emergency mobilization and operations, and control and correction so as to improve and strengthen the functions of the original system.

Knowledge management, a completely new way of thinking and mode of management in the knowledge economy era, is of great practical significance to modern hospital management. Knowledge management in modern hospitals ought to be conducted in accordance with the demands for organizational knowledge and knowledge-based organizations, with sound combination of hardware and software and harmony between people and their surroundings. Efforts ought to be made in achieving innovations and breakthroughs in the three major aspects of knowledge environment, knowledge system and knowledge organization so as to meet in a calm manner the opportunities and challenges that come with knowledge economy.

Starting from the definition of public health, the paper analyzes the general properties of public health products as public products and the special properties of public health products as health products and discusses the structures and features of public health products in both supply and demand models. It also puts forward some suggestions for realizing balance between the supply and demand of public health products: ①establishing a parallel operational mechanism; ②creating “complete information” linking supply and demand; and ③ bringing about “entire rationale” to public behavior.

The rashness in research as reflected in the initial misidentification of the pathogen of SARS is of great enlightening and warning significance to scientific and technical workers in the medical field. In order to effec-tively reduce errors in the clinical diagnosis of SARS, succeed in obtaining reliable methods for its specific diagnosis, and strive for a genuine victory in the fight against it, it is imperative to vigorously uphold the scientific spirit of adher-ing to truths and defying authorities and promote the style of doing things in a rigorous, realistic, accurate, persistent and down-to-earth manner. Rashness must be avoided by all means.

With reference to medical personnel's infection during the prevalence of SARS, the paper offers some general information on the risks of occupational exposure of medicine. The commonly seen risks fall into four major categories, including biological risks, such as infection of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HTV, etc.; chemical risks, such as those from antineoplastic drugs, cleaning agents, disinfectants, narcotics, dusts; physical risks, such as radiation, injury by sharp instruments, injury from heavy burden, forced body positions, etc.; and psychological risks. The paper also puts forward some proposals for safety protection: intensifying training in occupational safety of medicine, reinforcing the protection of high-risk groups of people and high-risk body parts, augmenting the supply of protective materials and the improvement of protective facilities, and setting up and perfecting long-acting protection and supply mechanisms.

Scientific and technological cooperation plays a key role in improving innovative capabilities and speeding up achievement transformation. Promoting self-discipline in morality, strengthening restraint by rules and regulations and enhancing legal protection of intellectual property are some of the key links in perfecting the credit system and consummating large-scale scientific and technological cooperation. Adopting the "coordinate signature system" for significant achievements through large-scale scientific and technological cooperation is the driving force behind such cooperation. Establishing information and experimental technology platforms is the basis and supplementary, means of scientific and technological cooperation while setting up a talent flow and excitation system and perfecting the system of resources integration and sharing are beneficial to the creation of a sound environment for large-scale scientific and technological cooperation.

Sepsis is still a major cause of death among neonates and its morbidity rate remain high nowadays.Because of the atypical symptoms and extremely dangerous progress in neonatal sepsis,early diagnosis and treatment are requisite.But the unique biomarkers are lacking meanwhile.Recent study shows that PBEF influences individual susceptibility,severity and outcome in sepsis.This review synthesizes the research of PBEF in neonatal sepsis in order to provide the evidence of reliable biomarker to diagnose and treat neonatal sepsis in the early stage.

Objective　To investigate the enhancement of color Doppler signals in lower limb arteries by intravenous ultrasound contrast agent.Methods　Nineteen cases examined were divided into two groups: Group I consisted of 13 normal cases; group II 6 cases with lower limb artery diseases. The contrast agents were administrated through forearm veins.Results　The color Doppler signals and flow width were all increased in normal lower limb arteries after the contrast agent was injected. No color Doppler signals were showed in 4 closed femoral arteries (FA) and popliteal arteries(PA) after enhancement of contrast agent, but the color flow were seen in 3 anterior tibial arteries (ATA) and 1 posterior tibial artery (PTA), which came from lateral vessels in the near end of ATA and PTA. In another 2 cases, a few color Doppler signals were showed in ATA and PTA before contrast admitted, but the color Doppler signals were increased and local color defect were presented after contrast admitted, in which the stenosis of arteries were confirmed by angiography.Conclusions　Intravenous ultrasound contrast agent could give rise color Doppler signals in lower limb arteries, and help to make lower limb artery disease diagnosis to a more accurate extent.

Objective To research and develop a computer-based patient record (CPR) system so as to realize the collection, processing, storage, transmission and application of patient information. Methods A CPR system was accomplished through developing a structural patient record, a text editor, techniques of database security, a knowledge base of on-line help, real-time monitoring, print control and function expansion. Results The CPR system, established with the above techniques, was put into use in two third-tier hospitals. It was proved via practice that the system, sound in operation, safe and stable, easy to maintain, and compatible, enhanced medical quality and clinical efficiency. Conclusion ①Creating a structural patient record is the basis of realizing CPR. ②Developing a specialized editor is the key to bringing about CPR. ③Possessing perfect database security techniques is the guarantee for starting CPR. ④Constructing a knowledge base of on-line help is an effective way to help doctors raise the level of their clinical decisions. ⑤The CPR system is an effective means of improving the quality of patient records.⑥The CPR system is also an effective means of improving the efficiency of patient record writing.

Objective To explore the efficiency of writing admissions records with the electronic medical record system. Methods 16 interns with the same educational backgrounds and residency periods were randomized into 2 groups and wrote admissions records respectively with the electronic system and by hand, the traditional method. 1 week later, the same records were again written by the two groups, now each using the other's method. The time for completing each part of the records was noted down in real time across the entire process. The time taken by the interns to complete the records was changed into marks of speed, the assessments of the records by experts were changed into marks of quality, and composite marks resulted from the two after weighting. Statistical testing was done with the two methods. Results In terms of time, the average total time taken by the electronic and traditional groups was respectively 19. 85 m and 39. 49 m; in terms of quality, the electronic group got higher marks in scores for present, past, personal, and family histories and physical examination and in the overall score; in terms of general efficiency, the electronic group got average marks of 91. 13 while the traditional group got average marks of 65. 72, the difference being statistically significant (P