BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have demonstrated various therapeutic methods for cerebrospinal fluid leakage after spinal column surgery, including intraoperative and postoperative measures. Few studies addressed the therapeutic methods of cerebrospinal fluid leakage after cervical vertebra surgery using lumbar subarachnoid catheter drainage.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of sustainable drainage and lumbar subarachnoid catheter drainage for cervical postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage.
METHODS:923 patients underwent cervical spine surgery in the Department of Spinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China from June 2009 to October 2012. There were 24 cases of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage with an incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leakage of 2.6%(24/923). The dural laceration that could not be repaired or be found induced cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Of them, 12 cases received lumbar subarachnoid catheter drainage (catheter group), and 12 cases received sustainable drainage (drainage group).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the drainage group, the duration of cerebrospinal fluid leakage was significantly shorter in the catheter group (P<0.05). In the catheter group, one case affected cerebrospinal fluid infection. In the drainage group, two cases experienced cerebrospinal fluid cyst and one case suffered from cerebrospinal fluid infection. They were cured by symptomatic treatment. A total of 24 cases were fol owed up for 9-12 months. None of them affected cerebrospinal fluid leakage, cerebrospinal fluid infection or cerebrospinal fluid cyst. Results demonstrated that lumbar subarachnoid catheter drainage in the treatment of cervical postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage has a good effect.

Objective To evaluate the value of retrospective ECG-gated 256 slices spiral CT technique in the scanning of inferior phrenic artery (IPA).Methods 80 patients with underdone abdominal CTA were divided randomly into two groups (40 patients each)as regular abdominal CTA scanning group and retrospective ECG-gated technique group.And further analysis was done to evaluate the display of IPA branches and the image quality.Results 80 patients were all scanned successfully.40 cases LIPA and 40 cases RIPA were showed in the regular group.80 cases showed 1st level branches of IPA,73 cases with 2nd level,59 cases with 3rd and 43 ca-ses showing 4th level.40 cases LIPA and 40 cases RIPA were showed in ECG-gated group.And the numbers of IPA branches levels were 80,79,71,65,respectively.There is no significant difference in the ability of showing the1st level IPA or their image quality between those two groups (P >0.05);and there is a statistical significance in the ability of showing other levels of IPA and their im-age quality.Conclusion It is feasible that we use retrospective ECG-gated 256 slices spiral CT scanning technique to show the IPA. And it could improve the ability of showing the IPA branches as well as the image quality.

Objective To explore the relationship among job stressors,sleep quality and psychological health of nurses.Methods 708 female nurses in a 3-A-grade general hospitals of Guangxi were chosen and asked to fill out the Nurse Job Stressors Questionnaire-Revised (NJSQ-R),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90).Results ① The total mean score of NJSQ-R (1.50± 0.62) and the five job stressors,including the job environment and characters (1.60±0.65),personal relation ship(1.21±0.73),the attitude of patient and their relatives(1.63±0.74),professional skill(1.38±0.71) and social status and career development(1.97±0.72) were positively related with the total mean score of SCL-90 (1.64±0.69) (r=0.32-0.50,P＜0.01)and the total score of PSQI(8.11±3.52) (r=0.28-0.35,P＜0.01).There was a positive relationship between SCL-90 and PSQI(r=0.46,P＜0.01)).② SCL-90(β=0.387,P＜ 0.01)and the job stressor of the social status and career development(β=0.120,P＜0.05)were directly sig nificantly associated with PSQI.The job stressor of job environment and characters(β=0.235,P＜0.01) and professional skill(β=0.117,P＜0.05)were indirectly associated with PSQI mediated by SCL-90.③ PSQI was directly significantly associated with SCL-90(β=0.344,＜0.01).The job stressor of the social status and career development was indirectly significantly associated with SCL-90 mediated by PSQI(β=0.113,P＜0.05).And the job stressor of job environment and characters was directly (β=0.172,P＜0.01)and indirectly (β=0.184,P＜0.01) associated with PSQI mediated by SCL-90.Conclusion The higher the job stress,the more the mental health problem,and the poor the sleep quality among nurses.Job stressors have direct or in direct influence on psychological health and sleep quality,depending on the nature of job stressors.In addition,the result suggests that a bidirectional relationship exists between sleep quality and psychological health.

From January 2000 to December 2006, 78 hypertensive patients with intracerebral hemorrhage(80～130 ml)underwent minimally invasive surgery(n=41)or small bone window craniotomy(n=37). Neurological deficit scores and mortality were estimated to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy among those two group patients. The success rate was significantly higher in the micro-invasive surgery group than the small bone window craniotomy group(P＜0. 05). However, no significantly lower mortality was detected in the micro-invasive surgery group(P＞0. 05). In summary, micro-invasive surgery may reduce the mortality, largely increase the success rate of treatment, and improve patients' quality of life.

AIM: To investigate the dynamic influence of zanthoxylum seed oilA2(ZSOA2) on NF-?B signaling pathway and inflammatory factor in pulmonary tissue of asthmatic mice.METHODS: The suspensoid(0.2 mL containing 20% albumin hydroxide and 10% ovalbumin) was administered by intraperitoneal injection to sensitize the BALB/c mice on day 1,then 0.4% ovalbumin solution(50 ?L in phosphate buffer fluid) was dripped into the respiratory tract through nasal cavity to establish the asthmatic mouse model.After dripped ovalbumin for 24 h,48 h,3 d,7 d and 14 d,the mice were killed at specified time points.The contents of interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-5(IL-5) and interferon-?(IFN-?) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were determined by ELISA.The pathological changes of the lung tissues were observed with HE staining.The inflammatory cell counts were conducted by Eosin staining.The protein levels of adhesion molecule and the molecules of NF-?B signaling pathway in lung tissues were determined by Western blotting.RESULTS: In ZSOA2 treated mice,the pathological injury of the lung was significantly attenuated as compared to the model mice,the counts of eosinophils and lymphocytes were reduced obviously in lung bronchial area of asthmatic mice at all observed time points(P

Objective To study the effect of anti-IL-5 monoclony antibody (TRFK-5) on migration of Eos from BM to the airways in sensitized mice. Methods Male C57BL/6 (6-8wk of age) murine model of Asthma and control group were estabolished with routine method. The outcome measurements include white blood cell (WBC) total count, differential count of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood (PB), nuclear cell count and eosinophil percentage of BM. These parameters were collected 12 h after the final allergen challenge. To cheek Eos infiltration, the histology of lung tissues was also observed. Further, the effects of intranasal TRFK-5 on above changes were investigated. Results Eosinophil numbers of BALF, PB, BM and the infiltration of Eos in pulmovnary tissues were increased considerably 12 h after final OVA challenge compared with negative group(P

Objective To analyse the CT,MRI features of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and improve the diagnosis.Methods Imaging feature of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma of 26 cases confirmed by surgery and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Distribution,size,shape,signal,dense,peritumor edema and invasion of adjacent structures of lesion were summarized.Results The locations of lesions included:temporosphenoid lobe (19 cases),frontal lobe (2 cases),the lateral and three ventricles in 1 case,occipital lobe (1 case),medulla oblongata (1 case),and cervical cord (1 case).The tumor size:maximum:82 mm × 40 mm × 70 mm,minimum:16 mm × 13 mm × 14 mm.Solid lesions (3 cases),solid lesions with necrosis (7 cases),solid and cystic lesions (16 cases),lesion with calcification (4 cases).The solid lesions of the tumors showed equal signal intensity or slightly low signal intensity on T1WI,and equal signal intensity or slightly high signal intensity on T2WI.The equidensite and high density on CT,peritumor edema degree:mild (2 cases),moderate (5 cases),severe (1 case).Conclusion The characteristic imaging features can help in the understanding and diagnosis of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.

Objective There is a high occurrence rate of thalassaemia in Guangdong Province .Major and intermedia thalas-saemia bring severe burden for patients , families, and societies.This study aimed to reveal the economic burden of thalassaemia major and intermedia thalassaemia in Guangdong Province . Methods Eight areas of Guangdong Province were selected as the sampling ar-eas.Patients with major or intermedia thalassaemia were enrolled in the study .The patients′economic burden of this disease , inclu-ding direct economic burden , indirect economic burden and intangible economic burden was calcultated .The direct economic burden was estimated by outpatient fee , hospitalization expense , nutrition and transportation fees , indirect economic burden was evaluated u-sing disability adjusted life years ( DALY) combined with human capital , and intangible economic burden was calculated using method of willingness. Results Per average annual direct economic burden of 45 patients with major or intermedia thalassaemia was 43 058.66 yuan, per average annual indirect economic burden was 20 474.51 yuan, and per person intangible economic burden was 302 466.67 yuan. Conclusion Economic burden of major and intermedia thalassaemia is huge and most patients do not receive standardized treatment .More effective way should be taken to reduce the economic burden of thalassaemia and help the patients to re -ceive standardized treatment .

Objective To determine the distribution profile of apocrine sweat glands in axillary region of patients with axillary osmidrosis,and to compare their distribution at different sites.Methods Fifteen patients with axillary osmidrosis were enrolled in this study from September to December 2010.All the patients underwent surgical removal of apocrine sweat glands under direct vision.Full-thickness skin tissue measuring 2 mm in width was excised down to the axillary superficial fascia at the incisional surgical sites from five patients.Five points,which were at the center of axillary region (point 1),1 cm away from the center of axillary region (point 2),1 cm inside the edge of axillary hair-bearing area (point 3),the edge of axillary hair-bearing area (point 4),and 1 cm outside the edge of axillary hair-bearing area (point 5),were marked,and dark red,rough granular subcutaneous tissue was obtained at these points in 10 patients with axillary osmidrosis.Results The secretory portion of apocrine sweat glands was mainly distributed in the reticular dennis and superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue,but no apocrine sweat glands were obs erred in the epidermis,dermal papilla or axillary superficial fascia.The distribution profile of apocrine sweat glands was consistent with that of axillary hairs.There were numerous apocrine sweat glands in the center of axillary region,but only a small number at the edge of axillary hair-bearing area,and no apocrine sweat gland was observed at 1 cm outside the edge.The percentage of apocrine sweat gland area at point 1-5 was 74.1％,46.6％,25.3％,2.1％,and 0 respectively,with significant differences between point 1 and 2 (t--29.78,P＜ 0.01),point 2 and 3 (t--9.76,P＜ 0.01),point 3 and 4 (t =20.83,P＜ 0.01),but not between point 4 and 5 (t =1.96,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions During the surgical treatment of axillary osmidrosis,the removal of apocrine sweat glands should be extended to the reticular dennis and superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue in depth and the edge of axillary hair-bearing area in width,and there is no need to blindly increase the extent of removal.