[Objective]This study was conducted to examine the effects of dexmedetomidine on the proliferation and angiogenesis of MHCC97H and SMCC7721 human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cell lines cultured in hypoxia condition in vitro,and investigated the possible mechanism involved.[Methods]MHCC97H and SMCC7721 human HCC cell lines under hypoxia culture condition were treated with presence or absence of dexmedetomidine(100 μmol/L). Cell viability,colony formation,vasculogenic mimicry(VM) formation were assessed. The effects of dexmedetomidine on α-2A adrenergic receptor(α2A),hypoxia induced factor-1a(HIF-1a),and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)protein expression were evaluated with Western blot analysis.[Results]Cell proliferation assay and colony formation assay indicated that hypoxia obviously promoted the proliferation of MHCC 97H and SMCC7721 cells(CoCl2 group vs corresponding control group,the proliferation rate of MHCC97H and SMCC7721:Day 3,142.2%and 133.8%;Day 4,134.7%and 131.0%;Day 5,133.5%and 136.2%;all P<0.05),and VM formation assay suggested that hypoxia increased angiogenesis of MHCC97H and SMCC7721 cells. Whereas dexmedetomidine significantly inhibited the proliferation(Dex+CoCl2 group vs CoCl2 group,the proliferation rate of MHCC97H and SMCC7721:Day 3,55.7%vs 60.7%;Day 4,46.9%vs 58.1%;Day 5,46.4%vs 57.0%,all P<0.05)and angiogenesis of MHCC97H,SMCC7721 cells induced by hypoxia. Dexmedetomidine may exert these functions by activating α-2A adrenergic receptor,causing an decrease in HIF-1a and VEGF protein,while hypoxia activated HIF-1a and VEGF protein to promote the growth and angiogenesis of cells.[Conclusion]The findings provide evidence that hypoxia could promote the proliferation and angiogenesis of MHCC97H and SMCC7721 cells,while dexmedetomidine might inhibit these effects by down-regulating HIF-1a and VEGF protein expression through activatingα-2A adrenergic receptor.

Through analyzing the current situation and coverage controversy of Chinese clinical trial insurance,this paper stated that the attending insurance rate in domestic clinical trials was entirely low.The sponsors,clinical trial institutions,investigators and insurance companies paid attention of different levels to clinical trial insurance.Therefore,the risk awareness of drug/medical device clinical trials should be enhanced.It is necessary to give impetus to clinical trial insurance system,during which all parties need to make a joint effort including government departments,ethics committees,sponsors,clinical trial institutions,investigators and insurance companies.

The research on clinical efficacy evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a hot and difficult issue in the field of TCM. However, the overall level of current related research also needs to be improved. There are still a lot of academic controversies in the field of TCM clinical efficacy evaluation. The author believed that before conducting research, it is necessary to sort out core issues of TCM clinical efficacy evaluation, which in-clude the concept of TCM clinical efficacy and its evaluation. In recent years, Chinese scholars have conducted a series of studies on these issues and have some achievements. To think and answer these questions will play an important role for the ultimate resolution of problem of TCM clinical efficacy evaluation.

The aim of the study is to explore the application of simultaneous treatment of spleen and kidney in the treatment of sarcopenia by sorting TCM literature and related research. It is believed that the location of sarcopenia is in the muscles and sinews, and the main pathological changes are located in the spleen and kidney, which is closely related to the kidney. The pathogenesis is deficiency of the spleen and kidney, muscle deprived of nourishment, and the treatment should focus on invigorating spleen and tonifying kidney. The mechanism of invigorating spleen and tonifying kidney in the treatment of sarcopenia may be related to improving mitochondrial function, reducing inflammatory factors, promoting insulin secretion and repairing muscle fibers.

Objective To evaluate the bioequivalence of domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets after single oral dose .Methods It was a single center ,randomized ,open ,cross-over trail design ,21 subjects were fasting oral adminis-tered of 2 mg domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets in different periods ,venous blood 4 ml were collected in different time points before and 60 h after administration ,plasma concentration of terazosin was determined by LC-MS/MS . Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets were as follows :t1/2 :(13.2± 2.39)hvs(12.5±1.93)h,tmax :(1.01±0.83)hvs(1.08±0.69)h,Cmax :(40.1±10.6)ng/mlvs(37.3± 9 .57) ng/ml;AUC0- ∞ :(428 ± 82 .1) ng · h/ml vs (426 ± 85 .2) ng · h/ml .The relative bioavailability of domestic terazosin hydrochloride tablets was (101 .2 ± 14 .7)% .90% CI of domestic and imported terazosin hydrochloride tablets AUC0-t and Cmax geometric mean ratio fell between 80% -125% .Conclusion The domestic tablets are bioequivalent to the imported tablets .

COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread throughout the world. China has achieved rapid containment of this highly infectious disease following the principles of early detection, early quarantine and early treatment with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. The inclusion of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the Chinese protocol is based on its successful historic experience in fighting against pestilence. Current findings have shown that the Chinese medicine can reduce the incidence of severe or critical events, improve clinical recovery and help alleviate symptoms such as cough or fever. To date there are over 133 ongoing registered clinical studies on TCM/integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. The three Chinese patent medicines (/ (Forsythiae and Honeysuckle Flower Pestilence-Clearing Granules/Capsules), (Honeysuckle Flower Cold-Relieving Granules) and (Stasis-Resolving & Toxin-Removing) were officially approved by the National Medical Products Administration to list COVID-19 as an additional indication. The pharmacological studies have suggested that Chinese medicine is effective for COVID-19 probably through its host-directed regulation and certain antiviral effects.